Me pēhea te whiriwhiri a te hunga e mahi ana i ngā mahi hokohoko o te ao i ngā kaiwhakarato?

Ngā kamupene kaweake He maha ngā raruraru e pā ana ki a rātou ahakoa kei te hokohoko ipurangi rātou, kei te whakatairanga rānei i tāwāhi. He maha ngā īmēra i tukuna e au, engari kāore i tae mai he whakautu; i whakaaro ahau he pai taku kōrero ki ngā kaihoko, engari i te mutunga kāore he aha; he maha ngā pātai kounga i tae mai ki ahau, engari i te mutunga kāore he whakaaetanga... He maha ngā hoa e whakaaro ana kāore rātou i te pai ki te kōrero. Kua oti pai te mahi, engari he aha i puta tonu ai ngā raruraru kua whakahuatia i runga ake nei?

Me waiho ngā tikanga hokohoko me te whakatairanga ki te taha mō tēnei wā, engari me tātari me te matapaki i ngā āhuatanga mō te whiriwhiri i ngā kaiwhakarato mai i te tirohanga a ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi. He aha ngā take i ngaro ai ō kaihoko?

1. Ehara te utu i te paearu anake

Ki te tini o ngā kaihokohoko o tāwāhi, ko te "kotahi te whakatau utu ka rangatira te ao" te huarahi mahi māmā rawa atu. Heoi, ina kitea ngā urupare me ngā āwangawanga a te kiritaki, ko te tikanga tino noa ko te whakaiti i te utu, te tono rānei ki te taha kē kia whakaarohia he utu ūnga. Ki te kore rātou e whakaae, e kore e taea e rātou te haere tonu. Heoi, i roto i te hokohoko o te ao, he rerekē rawa ngā paerewa aromatawai utu a ngā kaihoko mai i ngā rohe rerekē, ā, ehara i te mea ko te utu anake te mea whakatau.

Ngā kaihoko o Ūropi me Amerika ki te Hauāuru

Ko te kounga te mea tuatahi

E hiahia ana ngā kaihoko o Ūropi ki te Hauāuru me te Hononga o Amerika kia whai paerewa tiwhikete pai ngā kaiwhakarato, ngā pūnaha whakahaere, ngā tukanga whakaputa, ngā tikanga tirotiro, me ētahi atu.

Nā te roa o te ahurea kirimana a Ūropi me te pūnaha ture pakari, kāore e taea te whakaae ki ngā hua kounga iti e te mākete. Kia puta he raruraru, ka whakahokia te hua me te kore herenga, ā, ka utua he utu nui. Nō reira, ko te kounga te uho me te wairua o ngā mākete Ūropi me Amerika.

Ina whiriwhiri tātou ki ngā kaihoko o Ūropi me Amerika, kaua e aro noa ki te utu. Nā te mea, mō ngā kaihoko o Ūropi me Amerika, ehara ngā utu teitei i te raruraru, engari me whakamārama atu ki a rātou he aha i teitei ai ngā utu. He mea tika kia whakanuia te uara tāpiri nui o te hua, ngā painga o te kounga, me ngā painga o te ratonga, kia mārama ai ngā āhuatanga hokohoko. He tino whai hua ake tēnei, he tino whakapono ake i te tango noa i te kaupapa ki te whakaiti i ngā utu.

Ka aro nui atu rātou ki te taea te tuku i te hua i te wā tika, te āhua o ngā raruraru kounga, te tere o te pakaru o te hua i te wā e kawe ana, te momo ratonga tautoko i muri i te hoko e whakaratohia ana, me te āhua o ngā amuamu a te kiritaki, me ētahi atu.

Ko te tuarua o te rārangi ko te tuku tika

Mō ngā mākete o Ūropi ki te Hauāuru me Amerika, ko tā rātou tauira pakihi he tauira "mekameka whakahaere". Hei tauira, ko Carrefour, ko Wal-Mart, me IKEA e karapoti nei i a tātou, tae atu ki a McDonald's me KFC i roto i te umanga kai, e mahi katoa ana i runga i tēnei tauira. Kātahi, ko tana whakaritenga nui ko te wā tuku tika. Ko te wā tuku tika anake ka taea te whakarite i te pumau me te pono o te mekameka tuku katoa, kia taea ai te tuku me te whakahaere i ia hononga i roto i te wā tika me te tika.

Ko te tuatoru o ngā tūranga ko te ariā ratonga.

Kia mārama ki te ariā ratonga o te mākete katoa. Ahakoa he nui te utu, ka taea e tana ariā te whakarato ratonga pai ake, tino pai ake hoki mō te mahi tahi a meake nei, ā, he nui rawa atu tēnei uara pea i te rerekētanga o te utu kotahi.

Ngā kaihoko mai i Rūhia, Ukraine me ētahi atu whenua o mua o te Soviet Union me Ūropi ki te Rawhiti

He mea tino nui te utu. Ahakoa i ngā tau tōmua o te tekau tau atu i 1990, i pāngia te pūnaha tōrangapū o tēnei rohe e te maha o ngā huringa. Heoi anō, kei te mau tonu te tauira ōhanga o te rohe me ngā tikanga whakahaere mākete i te mea e kiia nei ko te "tauira ōhanga kaha" o te hokohoko pokapū nui, te whakaputa pokapū, me te tohatoha pokapū i ngā tekau tau kua pahure ake nei.

Nō reira, ina whai wāhi mātou ki ngā whakaaturanga i Rūhia, Ukraine, me Ūropi ki te Rawhiti, he maha ngā wā ka kitea e mātou tētahi āhuatanga whakamere. Kāore ngā kaiwhakaatu me ngā kaihoko e tino mōhio ki te reo Pākehā. Ko te nuinga o rātou kāore e tino hiahia ki te hoko tika mai i te wāhi whakaputa, engari e aro nui ana ki ngā kaiwhakarato tata ki a rātou. Nō reira, he nui te rahinga o ngā ota i hokona mai i tēnei rohe, engari i te wa ano he tino teitei ngā whakaritenga utu.

Nā te nui o te rahinga ota, ka nui ngā panonitanga o te utu katoa mēnā he iti noa ngā panonitanga o te utu kotahi. Nō reira, ka ngana tonu ngā kaihoko ki te whakaheke i ngā utu a ngā kaiwhakarato, ā, i te mutunga ka mahi tahi me te kaiwhakarato me te utu iti rawa. Mō te kounga, kāore he whakaritenga tino pakari.

Ngā mākete i ētahi whenua o Āhia ki te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti me te Rawhiti o Waenganui

Nā te iti o te tauine ōhanga, i tētahi taha, he nui ngā whakaritenga utu, engari i te wa ano, he maha atu ngā āhuatanga kāore i te tino mārama. I roto i te tono kaupapa, te hanga, me te hokohoko arumoni, ko ngā whanaungatanga tangata, ngā komihana, me ngā āhuatanga i raro i te papamahi te nuinga o te wā e whakatau ana mēnā ka angitu te tauwhitinga, kāore rānei. Te kaiārahi angitu. Mō ngā kiritaki i ēnei wāhanga, ka taea te whakamahi i ētahi tohutohu i roto i te tukanga hokohoko.

Hei tauira: i muri i te tuku a ā mātou kaihoko hokohoko ki tāwāhi i ngā whakatau utu ki ngā kiritaki, ka whakamahia e rātou ētahi taputapu kōrerorero inamata (pēnei i a MSN, Yahoo, Skype, me ētahi atu) hei kōrero ki ētahi atu kiritaki. I roto i te tukanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ka taea e rātou te tuku atu i ētahi atu ihirangi ki ngā kiritaki, pēnei i te, Kei roto i tā mātou whakatau utu he komihana 2-3%, ā, i ētahi wā ko te nui o tēnei komihana he 3-5 marama, neke atu rānei, o te utu o te rōpū kē. Ina oti te ota, ka utua e mātou te komihana e ai ki tā mātou i oati ai. Ki te kore te ota e oti, kāore he take ki te utu i tētahi pene mai i tā mātou ake pēke ki te rōpū kē.

He rite tonu tēnei ki te whakanoho i tētahi o tātou ki roto i ō tātou hoa whawhai whiriwhiri, me te kore e whakapau moni hei āwhina i a tātou ki te kohikohi i ngā mōhiohio me te whakarei ake i ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whai hua hei whakahaere i te whakaaetanga hokohoko whakamutunga.

Nō reira, hei kaihoko, kāore e ranea te kōrero noa mō te utu ki te kaihoko. Me whakapakari e koe te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ki te kaihoko, me whakamahi i te reo e mārama ai te taha kē, me whakamahi i ngā pātai tuwhera ake, me tātari i ngā rerekētanga o te kaihoko, me te arotahi ki te kaihoko. He rerekē ngā rautaki a ngā kaihoko mai i ngā rohe rerekē me ngā momo rerekē, kia taea ai e rātou te whakahaere i te hokohoko o te ao. Mā te mōhio ki te whakaaro me te tātari i ngā kaihoko anake ka taea ai e tātou te arotahi, ā, kia kore ai e taea te hinga.

2. Te pumau me te pono o te mekameka tuku

Hei kaihoko mai i tāwāhi, ko tāu e tino tumanako nei ko te mahi tahi me ngā kaihanga, ngā kaihokohoko rānei he wheketere ā rātou ake, me te whakaiti i ngā hononga takawaenga kia whiwhi ai i te utu pai rawa atu me te ratonga pai rawa atu. He taahiraa arotake tēnei mā ngā kaihoko ki te whiriwhiri i tā rātou hoa whakamutunga.

He maha ngā wā, ina kōrero ana ngā kaihoko hokohoko o tāwāhi ki ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi, ka pātai mai te taha kē mēnā he wheketere mātou, he kaihokohoko rānei. Ko te painga motuhake o te wheketere he pai rawa atu ngā rauemi hangarau, ka taea te whakapai ake i ngā hangarau me ngā whakahoutanga i te wā tika kia rite ki ngā hiahia o te kiritaki, ā, ka taea hoki te whakahaere pai ake i te huringa whakaputa, te whakahaere i ngā utu, me ērā atu mea.

Engari mō ngā kaihokohoko, kei reira anō ngā painga ahurei kāore i te wātea i ngā kaihanga. He nui ake te ngaio o ngā kaihokohoko ki te mōhio ki te hokohoko ki tāwāhi me te whakahaere i ngā mōrearea hokohoko ki tāwāhi. I roto i te tukanga kaweake, tata ki te 80% o ngā ota ka pāngia e tētahi momo raruraru, ahakoa he whakaaro takitahi, he whakaaro whaitake rānei. He maha ngā wā ka taea e ngā kamupene hokohoko ki tāwāhi te whakarato i ngā otinga tino tere me te ngaio. Hei tāpiri, ina he ota kotahi-ki-maha, he māmā ake te whakahaere i te āhuatanga me te tukanga katoa mā te mahi tahi me tētahi kamupene hokohoko ki tāwāhi. Ko te whakarite i te huringa whakaputa, te wā tuku, te wā tākai, me ētahi atu he raruraru e kore e taea e ngā kaihoko ki tāwāhi te karo. Ko te otinga whakamutunga, ko te hokohoko me tētahi kaihokohoko. Ka oti te tukanga hokohoko katoa me tētahi puka manatoko me tētahi huinga tuhinga kaweake. Ka kawenga ngā kaihokohoko mō ngā hononga katoa e tika ana pēnei i te utu, te whakaritenga, me ngā whakaritenga kaweake mō ngā wheketere katoa. Ko te utu whakamutunga he utu umanga 2% noa iho i utua ki te kaiwhakarato.

Nō reira, hei kaihoko mai i tāwāhi, ahakoa he kaihanga, he kaihokohoko rānei tāu e whiriwhiri ai, ko te mea nui ko te whakarite i te pumau me te pono i roto i te tukanga hokohoko katoa.

3. Ngā āheinga kaweake nui Mō ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi, ko te tumanako ka whai mana ngā hoa mahi ki te whakarato hua nui. Ko te nui o ngā kaweake me ngā hoko a te kaihanga e whakaatu tika ana i te uara o āna hua, te whānui o tana turanga kaihoko, me te hohonu o te mākete pea. He maha ngā kaihoko kua taunga ki ngā kamupene me ētahi āheinga kaweake, ā, e whakawhirinaki ana ki a rātou.

Ko te hokohoko ā-ao o nāianei kei roto i te āhua o te wā roa, me te wā roa. Arā, kāore e taea e te kaihoko o tāwāhi te whai i tētahi kaiwhakarato kotahi anake hei whakaputa māna, ā, pērā anō, kāore e taea e te kaiwhakarato te whai i tētahi kaihoko kotahi anake, ki te kore ka nui ngā mōrearea pakihi. Kia puta he raruraru ki ngā hoa mahi, ka puta he raruraru whakararuraru. Nō reira, e mōhio ana ngā kaihoko kāore e taea e ngā kaiwhakarato te whakaputa mā tētahi anake o rātou. Ki te iti te tauine whakaputa a te kaiwhakarato, e kore e taea te whakatutuki i te tono o te ota. Kia tere te whakatutuki i ngā ota a ētahi atu kaihoko, ka whakaroa te wā tuku. Kāore tēnei e whakaaetia e te nuinga o ngā kaihoko, ka hoki anō ki te kaupapa o mua, ā, kāore e taea te pupuri i te pumau me te pono o te mekameka tuku.

I tētahi atu taha, ki te kore tētahi hua e hokona ki te mākete ūnga, kāore e taea e tetahi te matapae i te mea ka tupu. Ki te tino pai te rahinga hoko, he tino tūponotanga ka nui ake te maha o ngā ota e whai ake nei i ngā ota o mua. Ki te iti te tauine whakaputa a te kaiwhakarato, e kore e taea te whakatutuki i te hiahia o te mākete. Ina koa ko ngā kaha whakaputa me te tukatuka o nāianei o ngā kaiwhakarato Hainamana, i runga i te tirohanga whānui, kei te noho tonu i muri i ngā paerewa o te ao. E rua ngā wheketere, e rua rānei ngā tīma whakaputa i roto i te wheketere kotahi, ka taea te whakaputa hua tino rerekē mā te whakamahi i te tuhi kotahi. Ko te tātari whakamutunga ko te taumata o te paerewa me te tika o ngā taputapu kei te heke tonu, ā, ko ngā āhuatanga tangata tonu te take nui o te tukanga whakaputa. Nō reira, i raro i ēnei āhuatanga, ka whiriwhiri tonu ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi i tētahi kamupene he kaha whakaputa nui hei kaiwhakarato pumau. Mō te maha o ngā umanga iti me te rahi-waenga, ka taea e rātou te whiwhi i te whakawhirinaki o ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi mā te whakanui i ō rātou tauine whakaputa me ngā kaha, engari kia tūpato kei whakanui rawa.

4. Ngā mākete kua uru atu ngā kaiwhakarato

Mō ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi, haunga ngā āhuatanga matua pēnei i te utu me te wā tuku, he mea nui kia mārama ki ngā mākete kua uru atu ngā kaiwhakarato me ā rātou tuhinga hoko i roto i ngā mākete ūnga e tika ana.

Ahakoa he ratonga hokohoko whānui, he ratonga OEM (Kaihanga Taputapu Taketake) rānei, ina uru atu tētahi hua ki te mākete ūnga, me whai tukanga whakaae me te urutau e te mākete. Nō reira, ko te whai i ngā rekoata hoko i roto i te mākete ūnga te tiwhikete ā-ringa kore e taea te huna mō ngā kaiwhakarato. Mā tēnei ka taea e ngā kaihoko te whai māramatanga ariā mō te kounga hua a te kaiwhakarato, te taumata tukanga whakaputa, ngā paerewa e tika ana, ngā tohu hokohoko me te urunga ki te waitohu me ētahi atu mōhiohio i roto i te wā poto rawa atu. I te nuinga o te wā, he nui ake te whakawhirinaki o ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi ki te wheako hoko a ō rātou hoa.

Mō ngā ahumahi me ngā momo hua rerekē, he rerekē ngā āwangawanga a ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi mō ngā tuhinga hoko a ngā kaiwhakarato. I roto i ngā ahumahi pēnei i te mīhini, te ahumahi taumaha, ngā pūnaha hanganga, me ētahi atu, nā te nui o ngā rerekētanga o ngā paerewa e tika ana mō ngā ahumahi i ngā whenua rerekē, hei tauira, ko ngā paerewa e whakamahia ana i tō tātou whenua ko GB (Paerewa ā-Motu) ko JB rānei (Paerewa ā-Manatū Mīhini). Ko ngā hoahoa me ngā hanga hua ahumahi katoa, ka whakatinanahia katoatia i runga i ēnei paerewa, ā, he rite tonu ngā waehere GB, pēnei i: GB 4573-H. He paerewa ā-motu anō hoki ā ētahi atu whenua whakawhanake, pēnei i te ASTM (Te Hononga o Amerika), BS (Te Kotahitanga o Ingarangi), DIN (Tiamana), JIS (Hapani), GOST-R (Rūhia), me ētahi atu. Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā paerewa ā-motu o tō tātou whenua, ka taea e ētahi o ēnei paerewa te ōrite, engari he tino rerekē te nuinga. Nō reira, i te wā e whakaputa ana i ngā ota ki tāwāhi, me whakahaere te whakaputa i runga i ngā paerewa me ngā tukanga e tika ana. Heoi, nā te mea he maha ngā pakihi iti kāore i a rātou tēnei taumata o ngā taputapu me ngā āheinga whakaputa, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e rātou ngā tikanga whai wāhitanga.

Hei tauira, he rerekē ngā paerewa mō ngā takirere me ngā papu e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā paipa. Hei tauira, e tutuki ana te pūnaha katoa i te paerewa Tiamana DIN3352, nō reira me tutuki ngā taputapu takitahi katoa i ēnei paerewa. Kāore ētahi o ā mātou pakihi iti i a rātou ēnei momo pokepoke me ngā āheinga whakaputa, ā, kāore e hiahia ki te tuku i te ota, nō reira ka hangaia e rātou ngā flange o ngā wāhanga hono katoa e ai ki tēnei paerewa, ko te katoa he paerewa GB tonu. He nui ngā uauatanga o tēnei ki ngā kiritaki. Ahakoa te āhua nei ka taea te hono i ngā paerewa flange, nā te mea he nui ake te roa o te hanganga o te paerewa Haina i te paerewa Tiamana, kāore e taea te whakanoho i tēnei taputapu ki roto i te pūnaha whatunga paipa. Ehara i te mea i moumou taima me ngā utu whakarerekētanga mō te kaihoko anake, engari he nui hoki ngā pānga kino.

Nō reira, mō tēnei momo hua, he mea tino nui te hītori hokohoko a te kaiwhakarato i te whenua e haere atu ana, e whakaata tika ana i tōna kaha whakaputa me te taumata tukatuka. Ina tae mai he pātai pēnei, ahakoa i tono mai te kiritaki, kāore rānei, mēnā ka taea e mātou te whakauru wawe i ā mātou hītori hokohoko, ka whai hua ki te kiritaki, ā, ka taea hoki e mātou te whakanui tika i te nui o ā mātou hoko i te tuatahi. Ko te whakaaro ki ngā hinengaro o ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi.

Ā, mō ngā kākahu, ngā taonga whare, te umanga ahua, me ērā atu. Mō tēnei momo hua, ko te hītori hoko a te kaiwhakarato i te whenua e haere atu ana te kaihoko e pā tika ana ki te pūmanawa mākete o te kāwai iti o ngā hua me te pēhanga whakataetae mai i taua umanga anō. Ko te tumanako a ia kaihoko o ngā hua hou o te ao kia "ka ārahi mā te nekehanga kotahi, ka kai i te ao katoa."

I te tau 2007, i hokona e tētahi toa mekameka whakapaipai whare rongonui i Thailand tētahi tūru kai PE hou i Haina, i te tere o te 3,000 ngā wahi ia marama. Ko te utu CIF he tata ki te US$12, ko te utu hoko ā-rohe he nui ake i te US$135, neke atu i te 10 ngā wā. E toru marama i muri mai, ka uru mai ngā mea hanga rite ki te mākete, ā, ka heke te utu mai i te $135 taketake ki te tata ki te $60. I roto i ngā marama e rua, kāore e hokona tēnei tūru kai, engari ka hurihia hei hua hou. Nā te mea mō te umanga ahua, he nui ake te hua o ngā hua hou i ērā o ngā hua noa.

Mō tēnei momo hua, nā tōna rongonui me tōna motuhaketanga, ka taea e tātou te whakaoho i te hiahia o ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi mā roto i ngā hua hou, me te whakahaere i te mākete ūnga mā roto i te tari motuhake. Mēnā he pai tā tātou hopu i tēnei, ka taea e tātou te whakapiki ake i te hua o ngā hoko. Ka taea hoki e koe te whakatū mārire i tō ake whatunga hokohoko me te whanaungatanga ki tāwāhi.

5. Pūnaha tiwhikete katoa

Ko te nuinga o ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi e tumanako ana ki te mahi tahi me ngā kamupene kua paahitia ngā pūnaha tiwhikete o te ao, pēnei i te ISO, SGS, DNV, me ētahi atu. Hei tauira, e hiahia ana ngā kaihoko o Ūropi kia whiwhi te nuinga o ngā hua kawemai i te tiwhikete CE, ā, e hiahia ana hoki ētahi whenua ki ētahi tiwhikete ngaio i runga i te momo hua, me ētahi atu. Pēnei i: te tiwhikete rēhita tiaki ahi BS o Peretānia, te tiwhikete paerewa GS Tiamana o Tiamana, me ētahi atu. Mō ngā kaihoko o Amerika, he mea nui ake te tiwhikete kounga me te pūnaha whakahaere ISO. Hei tāpiri, i roto i te mākete o Amerika, he pono, he mana hoki ngā hononga ahumahi. Kātahi ka waiho ētahi tiwhikete hononga ahumahi e tika ana hei tohutoro mā ngā kaihoko ki te whiriwhiri i ngā kaiwhakarato. Pēnei i: te tiwhikete API (American Petrol Institute), te tiwhikete American Petroleum Institute, te tiwhikete AWWA American Water Industry Association, me ētahi atu. I ētahi wāhi kāore i te tino whanake, pēnei i te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Āhia, ētahi whenua i te Middle East me ētahi wāhi i Āwherika, ko ngā paerewa tiwhikete noa ko te ISO. I taua wā anō, e whakaaetia ana hoki ētahi paerewa tiwhikete Haina, pēnei i: CQC, CCIC, CCC, me ētahi atu.

Hei tāpiritanga, i raro i te pūnaha tiwhikete, kei reira anō ngā whakaritenga ngaio mō te tikanga tiwhikete mō ngā tohu mātauranga ā-kamupene me te tirotiro kounga. Mō ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi, ko te tikanga tiwhikete tuatoru he tikanga tirotiro tika, motuhake, ā, e whakamahia pinepinetia ana. Ko ngā tikanga e whai ake nei te tikanga: te whakamana i tētahi tangata tuatoru ki te mahi hei QC (kaihoko whakahaere kounga) ki te tirotiro i te kounga o te hua, te hangarau whakaputa, ngā tohu mātauranga a te kamupene, me ētahi atu;

Whakamanahia he hoa mahi tuatoru whai mana ki te tirotiro i te hinonga. I te nuinga o te wā, he mārama ake te hoa mahi ki ngā tohu mātauranga, ngā hua, ngā āheinga whakaputa, me ērā atu mea o te hinonga, tae atu ki ōna painga me ōna ngoikoretanga; heoi, he uaua te whakatinana i tēnei tikanga i Haina. Nā ngā tikanga ahurei a te iwi Haina, ina pātai ngā kaihoko ki a rātou mō ngā hua me ngā āhuatanga whakahaere o ō rātou hoa mahi, he maha ngā wā kāore e taea e rātou te whiwhi whakautu tika; ka whakahaerehia te tiwhikete e ngā whakahaere tiwhikete o te ao tuatoru, pērā i: SGS, BV, me ērā atu.

He nui ngā wheako hokohoko ki tāwāhi me ngā pūkenga ngaio. Me whai hoa mahi ngā kaihoko ki tāwāhi me ngā tīma whakahaere pakeke. Ehara i te mea ko te mōhiotanga ngaio ki te hokohoko ki tāwāhi anake te mea e hiahiatia ana e rātou, engari ko te mōhio ki ngā wheako whakahaere e pā ana ki te tukanga kaweake, me te whakarite i ngā tuhinga pakihi paerewa, me ngā pūkenga whakawhitiwhiti reo maha whai hua. Mā tēnei ka taea te whakarite kia tino whakaurua, kia māramahia, kia whakaaetia, kia hokona hoki ngā hua ki ngā mākete ki tāwāhi. Mō ngā umanga o te rautau 21, he rauemi ngā hua, he rauemi ngā moni, engari ko te rauemi tino nui ko te pūkenga.

I te tau 2004, e rua ngā wheketere e hanga ana i ngā taputapu miihini tika i whakatūria ki te Tāone o Dongying, Porowini o Shandong. Ko tētahi o rātou he 20 miriona tāra te whakapaipai kua rēhitatia, ā, ko tētahi he 8 miriona noa iho. Ki te whakatauhia te hua mā te kaha, ka tere te whanaketanga o te wheketere he nui ake te haumi, ā, e tika ana kia noho hei kaiārahi ahumahi i te rohe. Engari he rerekē te ao tūturu i ngā tumanakohanga. I te tau 2007, i taku karangatanga kia toro atu anō ki ēnei kamupene e rua, i kitea e au neke atu i te 60% o te kaha whakaputa o tēnei kamupene nui ake i tukatukahia mō te kamupene iti ake. I muri i te mārama, ko te take he tino rangatira te tīma hokohoko hokohoko o tāwāhi o tēnei kamupene iti, nō reira ko te maha o ngā ota i riro mai i a ia he nui atu i te kaha whakaputa o tana ake wheketere. Nō reira, whakaarohia, i roto pea i te 5 tau, i roto rānei i te poto ake, ka whakakotahihia, ka honoa rānei tēnei wheketere nui ake. Ko te pūtake nui rawa atu kei roto i te taranata. E ai ki te kīanga, ki te taea e te tangata kotahi te hanga whenua, ka taea hoki e te tangata kotahi te hanga wheketere.

Mō ngā mahi pakihi i te rautau 21, kei te whakanuia tonutia te hiranga o ngā pūkenga, ā, kua piki haere te rongonui hei whakataetae matua mō ngā umanga. Hei kaihoko hokohoko ki tāwāhi, me whai kawenga tātou i te wā e whiriwhiri ana ki ngā kiritaki me te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero mā roto i ngā īmēra. Nā te mea ko ia īmēra ka tukuna e koe me ia rerenga kōrero ka kōrerohia e koe ehara i te mea ko koe anake, engari ko te kamupene kei muri i a koe. Ka mārama ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi ki te kaha o te kamupene mā roto i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ki ā mātou kaihoko, ka whakatau mēnā me whakawhitiwhiti kōrero hōhonu atu, ā, ka whakatakoto i ngā whakaaro hoko whakamutunga. Nō reira, me whakaaroaro ia kaihoko hokohoko ki tāwāhi ki ō rātou taumata pakihi, ki ō rātou mātauranga, me te mārama ki ngā kaupapa here kia kite ai mēnā ka tutuki i a rātou ngā hiahia o te whanaketanga umanga kia pai ake ai te whai rawa me te whakapai ake i a rātou anō.

Engari, hei kaiwhakahaere pakihi, hei kaiwhakahaere rānei, kei a koe te nui o ngā wheako, ngā mōhiotanga me ngā pūkenga whakahaere hei whiriwhiri me te pupuri i tētahi tīma pai, pumau hoki, ā, hei whakaoho i te pūmanawa me te hihiri o ia mema o te tīma kia puta ai ngā pūkenga nui rawa atu, he kaupapa tēnei e tika ana kia whakaaroarohia wawetia e tātou i roto i te rangahau karihi.

7. Te momo pakihi ponoKo te ngākau pono me te pono ngā paerewa matatika mō te mahi tahi me te tangata. Ko te ngākau pono te ngākau me te wairua o te pakihi. Ki te kore he ngākau pono, kāore e taea te angitu o te pakihi. He whakataukī tawhito a Haina e kī ana: I te tīmatanga, he pai te āhua o te tangata. Heoi, kāore i te mōhiotia te ngākau pono i roto i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ā-iwi, inā koa i roto i te tukanga pakihi. Ina whiriwhiri tuatahi ngā tāngata Hainamana, ka whakaaro tuatahi rātou mēnā kei te tinihanga te taha kē, mēnā he mahanga kei muri i ia kupu. I muri i ētahi taunekeneke roa, ka tae koe ki te whakatau kāore tēnei tangata i te kino pērā i tō whakaaro tuatahi. Ko te ahurea o te Hauāuru te ritenga kē. E whakapono ana te whakaaro o te Hauāuru kua whānau mai te katoa me te hara, nō reira me whakamarie rātou i ō rātou hara me te ripeneta. Engari ko te whakapono tuatahi a te hunga Hauāuru ina taunekeneke ana ki ngā tāngata tauhou ko te whakawhirinaki. Ka whakapono ia ki a koe ahakoa he aha tāu e kī ai, engari kaua e tukua kia kitea e ia kua teka koe ki a ia.

He maha ā mātou kamupene, hei whakatutuki i ngā hua iti tonu, ka whakakorekore i ā rātou kōrero mō te kounga me ētahi atu āhuatanga, ā, ka whakaputa i ngā kupu whakaari kāore i te pono. E whakapono ana ētahi kaiwhakahaere pakihi, ina whiwhi rātou i te moni tāpui mai i te kiritaki, ka huri rātou mai i te pononga ki te atua. He maha ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi kua kōrero mai, ahakoa ka whiwhi ētahi kamupene Haina i te moni tāpui, e kore rawa rātou e tango i te moni mai i ā rātou pēke, ahakoa kāore e taea e rātou te whakatutuki i tā rātou i oati tuatahi ai. Kua tino pakaru te whakawhirinaki o ngā kiritaki i tēnei, ā, kua tino pāngia hoki te ingoa o te ao mō ngā hua Hainamana me ngā kamupene hanga Hainamana.

Mō ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi, ka taea e rātou te whakamanawanui i ngā hapa kounga nā te mea ka taea e rātou te rangahau tahi me te whakapai ake; ka taea hoki e rātou te whakamanawanui i ngā hapa hoahoa nā te mea ka taea te kōrero tahi. Heoi, kāore e taea te whakamanawanui i te tinihanga. Kia kitea rā anō kua tinihangatia ia i tētahi wāhi, ko te tikanga tera pea he tinihanga anō hoki i ētahi atu wāhi. Nō reira, kāore rawa he whai wāhitanga anō. Nō reira, kaua e ngana ki te tinihanga i ō kaihoko, ahakoa he wāhi iti noa iho.

Hei whakarapopototanga, kia pai ake ai te whakatairanga i ā tātou kamupene Haina ki tāwāhi, me whakaaroaro tātou i ngā ngoikoretanga me ngā wāhi hei whakapai ake i roto i ā tātou tukanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me te hokohoko ki ngā kaihoko. Mā te mōhio ki a koe anō me te hoariri ka taea e koe te wikitoria i ngā pakanga katoa!