Pehea e ʻike ai i kāu mea kūʻai aku maikaʻi loa?

I nā kamaʻilio o kēlā me kēia lā, hoʻopiʻi pinepine ka nui o nā mea kūʻai aku nā ʻelele he mau ʻano maikaʻi ʻole, hoʻowahāwahā iā lākou ke kāhea lākou, a loaʻa ka hoʻihoʻi ʻia i ka wā e noi ana i nā laʻana. ʻAʻole like ka hana ʻana me lākou me kā lākou i manaʻo ai. Aia kekahi mea huna? Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻolako, kokoke i nā kānaka a pau kēia ʻike. He nui nā mea kūʻai aku e kāhea a hoʻomaka ma ke noi ʻana i nā kumukūʻai a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā kumukūʻai. A laila e ʻōlelo ʻia he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kumukūʻai XXX…. Hoʻopau pinepine nā mea hoʻolako i ka hoihoi ke lohe lākou i kēia. No ka mea, ma ka ulia pōpilikia, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kāu laina lalo. ʻAʻole ʻoe e lilo i mea kūʻai maikaʻi no lākou. ʻO ka mea āu e mālama ai, ʻo ke kumukūʻai ma mua o ka huahana. Inā makemake ʻoe e hana me ʻoe i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hele mai ʻoe inā haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai i kēia lā, a e haʻalele ʻoe inā kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai i ka lā ʻapōpō. Makemake nā mea hoʻolako i kahi mea kūʻai paʻa (ʻaʻole ka nui ka mea nui loa) ma mua o kahi mea kūʻai hele hewa. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe kūʻai aku he nui a hoihoi kā lākou mau pono i nā ʻelele. Akā ua ʻike nā mea a pau ʻo ka nui o ka helu, ʻoi aku ka pilikia. Inā ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ka mea kūʻai aku i ke kauoha, e nui ka backlog; inā ʻaʻole i kūpono ka lawe ʻana, e lilo ia i nā hoʻopiʻi a me nā hoʻopiʻi a nā mea kūʻai aku. ʻEhia mau manawa e maʻalahi ai ke aniau? He aha ka pilikia.

Aia pinepine kēia mau mea kūʻai aku ma ka papa inoa ʻeleʻele o ka mea hana mua. ʻOiai inā loaʻa iā lākou kēlā mea kūʻai aku, ʻaʻole e ʻaʻa nā ʻelele e hoʻopaʻa inoa a kau i nā kauoha me ka mea hana mua me ka maʻalahi, no ka mea, e haʻi pinepine ka mea hana mua iā lākou ua lōʻihi ko lākou mau mea kūʻai aku iā XX. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e kuʻi. Hilahila ʻole! Hiki ke kauoha ʻia kekahi mau ʻāpana maʻamau me ka ʻole o ke kau inoa ʻana me ka mea hana mua. ʻAʻole ia he ʻaʻohe o lākou kumukūʻai maikaʻi, no ka mea ʻaʻole ʻoe ka mea a lākou e manaʻo ai he mea kūʻai maikaʻi, a ʻaʻole lākou e ʻaʻa e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā kumukūʻai maikaʻi no ka mea ʻaʻohe o lākou ʻike malū me ʻoe. Inā ʻoe e hoʻohana i kāna kumukūʻai e kāohi i nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe a e hoʻomaopopo i ka mea hana mua e pili ana i ia mea, e pilikia nui ʻoe. No laila, inā ʻoe e koho ana i nā huahana no R&D a loaʻa kahi ʻelele, pono ʻoe e hoʻolauna mua i ke kūlana kumu a noi i kā lākou FAE e ʻōlelo aku i ka huahana kūpono iā ʻoe. E hāʻawi nā kūʻai aku iā ʻoe i ke kumukūʻai kuhikuhi (nau ʻoe e hoʻoholo iā ʻoe iho, a ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana i kahi hoʻēmi, ʻo ia ke kumukūʻai kumukūʻai āu e loaʻa ai i ka wā e hiki mai ana). A laila e hahai i nā ʻanuʻu e noi iā lākou e hāʻawi a kūʻai paha i nā laʻana mai iā lākou. Inā ʻoe e kūʻai ana, pono ʻoe e hoʻolauna mua i kou kūlana. Inā ua hoʻohana ʻoe i nā huahana kumu, pono ʻoe ua "kāinoa ʻia". No laila, pono ʻoe e kūkākūkā mua me lākou i ka hiki ke lilo i kā lākou mea kūʻai aku. Inā maopopo ma mua, pono iā lākou nā ala he nui e hele ai. Inā hiki, e kūkākūkā mākou i ka hōʻoia o ka maikaʻi o ka huahana (ʻaʻole ke kiko, no ka mea, ʻo ka maikaʻi ka mea i hōʻoia nui ʻia e ka mea hana mua), ka waihona a me ka lawe ʻana, a ʻo ka hope loa ke kumukūʻai.

He hoʻomaka kūpono kēia, i mea e hoʻomaopopo ai ka ʻākena iā ʻoe, e mahalo iā ʻoe, a e komo i nā kūkākūkā hou aku. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka waihona o ka ʻākena a me nā hiki ke hoʻolako i mea nui loa. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻākena kāna kulekele ʻoihana ponoʻī a me ka nānā ʻana i ka huahana. Ua kūlike anei nā pono o ka mea kūʻai aku a me kā lākou mau mea nui? He mea nui kēia. He ʻoihana nui ko kahi keʻena nui, akā ʻo ka mea i loaʻa iā ia ʻaʻole paha ia ka mea āu e makemake ai. Aia pū kekahi hiki i ka ʻākena ke loaʻa nā waiwai, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole lawa ka lako o nā waiwai. ʻO ke kau ʻana i kahi kauoha mua ʻaʻole paha ia he manaʻo e loaʻa koke nā waiwai, aia ia ma kona mana ma ka hale hana mua. Manaʻo wau ua ʻono ka nui o nā mea kūʻai aku i kēia ʻono. Inā ua hōʻoia ʻia ka lako a me ka lawe ʻana, ʻo ka mea hope loa ke kumukūʻai. ʻO ke kumu o ke kūkākūkā hope ʻana i ke kumukūʻai ʻaʻole no ka mea ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi ke kumukūʻai, akā no ka mea me ka ʻole o ka hōʻoia mua, ʻo ke kumukūʻai he wai me ka ʻole o ke kumu a me kahi lāʻau me ke aʻa ʻole. He aha ke kumu o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kumukūʻai maikaʻi? ʻO ka ʻoihana ʻāpana ʻaʻole ia he hana hoʻokahi manawa, a he lōʻihi ka wā e hiki mai ana. Hiki i ke kumukūʻai ke emi mālie i ka wā e hiki mai ana Cost Down, no laila no ke aha e hopohopo ai? (Pehea e Cost Down ai e kūkākūkā ʻia ma hope)

No laila, koʻu manaʻo pilikino: ʻO ka mea koʻikoʻi loa no ke kūʻai ʻana o ka mea kūʻai aku, ʻo ia ka maikaʻi, a ukali ʻia e ka lawe ʻana, a ʻo ke kumukūʻai hope loa. I ke koho ʻana i nā huahana mai nā lama kaulana, ʻo ka mea mua, ua hōʻoia ʻia ka maikaʻi. ʻOiai inā hewa kekahi mea i kekahi manawa, aia mau kahi wehewehe a ʻaʻohe pono o kekahi e hāpai i ke kuleana. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka manawa kūpono ka mea nui loa. Hoʻopilikia ka lawe mua ʻana i ka loiloi waihona; hoʻopilikia ka lawe lohi i ka hana ʻana a me ke kūʻai aku. ʻO ke kumukūʻai ka mea hope loa i kūkākūkā ʻia. Inā he mau pilikia me ka maikaʻi a i ʻole ka lawe ʻana, ʻaʻole loa e maopopo i ka luna: no ka mea, maikaʻi ke kumukūʻai, hiki ke kala ʻia kēia! ʻO ke kamaʻilio ʻana: ʻO wai ka mea i hoʻolilo iā ʻoe e kūʻai i kēia kūʻai kūʻai, ka mea i hoʻopilikia i ka maikaʻi, ka hana ʻana a me ka mākeke o ka huahana?

I ka ʻimi ʻana i hoa, ʻo ke kaʻina hana a ka mea kūʻai akamai e mālama ai i ka huahana: ka maikaʻi, ka lawe ʻana a me ke kumukūʻai. Hoʻomaopopo ʻo ia ʻaʻole ke kumukūʻai ka mea nui loa. Inā kānalua ka maikaʻi a he hemahema ka lawe ʻana, he aha ka pono o ke kumukūʻai maikaʻi loa? ʻOiai inā ʻaʻohe pilikia me ka maikaʻi, he aha ke kumu o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka nui o ka waihona e hōʻoia i ka hana mau ʻana? ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā uku hoʻolimalima kapikala a me nā uku hoʻokele ua hoʻopau mua paha i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "kumukūʻai maikaʻi". Inā he loli i ka hana ʻana, inā hoʻohana liʻiliʻi ʻia a ʻaʻole hoʻi i hoʻohana hou ʻia, e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ma mua o ka pohō! No laila, ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana e hiki iā ʻoe ke lilo i mea kūʻai aku o ka ʻelele, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo mua i ka hōʻoia o ka maikaʻi o ka huahana. ʻOiaʻiʻo, inā he brand kiʻekiʻe ʻoe, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hopohopo e pili ana i kēia mau pilikia. He mea nui loa ka pilikia o ka lawe ʻana, ʻoiai no kekahi mau ʻāpana nui, ʻaʻohe pinepine o nā pani lua o ka brand. Ke hele hewa kekahi mea, he mea ia o ke ola a me ka make no ke kūʻai ʻana. ʻAʻole hiki i ka hale hana mua ke hoʻoponopono i kēia pilikia. ʻO ka lawe ʻana he 8 pule a i ʻole 12 pule, a mālama ʻia ka waihona e nā ʻelele. No laila, ua lilo ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka lako i pilikia no nā ʻelele.

I kēia manawa, ʻo ka mea e pono ai ke nānā ʻia ʻo ia ka waihona mea kūʻai aku o ka ʻelele ma mua o ka ikaika kālā, kahi mea i manaʻo ʻia he mea nui loa. No ka mea, ʻoiai ʻo kahi ʻelele me ka ikaika kālā ikaika, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻomākaukau i kahi waihona nui no hoʻokahi mea kūʻai aku. Pono nā mea kūʻai aku e hopohopo e pili ana i nā huahana nui o kēia ʻelele. Inā ʻo nā huahana a kēia ʻelele e hoʻolaha nui nei a kūʻai aku ai ʻo ia ka mea āu e pono ai, a laila ʻo ia kāu mea hoʻolako kūpono loa. No ka mea, he like kā lākou waihona mea kūʻai aku, loaʻa pinepine iā lākou nā hiki ke kākoʻo loea ikaika ma kēia wahi, a hāʻawi pinepine lākou iā ʻoe i kahi Hoʻonā Holoʻokoʻa me ka manaʻo ʻole ke hoʻomohala ʻoe i kahi huahana. Pāʻani kā lākou FAE me kēia mau ʻāpana i ka lā a pau. ʻIke lākou i nā pilikia a pau e kū pinepine ai nā mea kūʻai aku i ka wā o ka hoʻomohala huahana a me ka hana ʻana. Ke makemake nui ʻoe, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoponopono pinepine i kāu mau pono wikiwiki. No ka mea, he like kā lākou waihona mea kūʻai aku, hiki i nā ʻelele ke noi i nā waiwai hou aku mai ka hale hana mua a loaʻa iā lākou ka mana kūkākūkā ikaika. Hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa pinepine ke kumukūʻai maikaʻi loa mai ka hale hana mua, kahi e hana ai i nā kūlana no nā mea kūʻai aku e hakakā no kā lākou mau kumukūʻai maikaʻi ponoʻī. No ka mea, aia kekahi waihona mea kūʻai aku, i ka wā e hoʻokuʻu ai ka mea hana mua i kahi huahana hou, pono lākou e lilo i mea mua a lākou e noʻonoʻo ai. Ma muli o ko lākou hiki ke kākoʻo loea a me nā hiki ke kūʻai aku, hāʻawi mua ʻia nā huahana hou i kā lākou mea kūʻai aku. Ma kēia ala e hiki ai i kāu huahana hou ke ʻoi aku ma mua o kāu mau mea hoʻokūkū.

ʻO ka hā, no ka mea, he like kāna waihona mea kūʻai aku, e hoʻomākaukau maoli ʻo ia i nā waihona hou aku. ʻO ka hiki ʻana mai o nā mea kūʻai aku hou e hoʻolilo iā ia i mea hilinaʻi i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā waihona kūpono. ʻOi aku ka hōʻoia ʻia o kāu lawe ʻana. ʻO ka lima, no ka mea, he like kāu waihona mea kūʻai aku, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻololi ʻana i kāu kauoha. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole e hopohopo nā ʻelele i ka hoʻonui ʻia, ka emi ʻana a i ʻole ke kāpae ʻia ʻana o kāu mau kauoha (akā e hopohopo nui nā ʻelele e pili ana iā ʻoe e holo ana a puni ke loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi kauoha.). He mea nui loa kēia. Mai manaʻo e hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopau i ke kauoha me hoʻokahi kelepona wale nō me ka uku ʻole. ʻAʻohe mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e pili ana i ia mea. Inā ʻaʻole ia e hana, e ʻimi wau i kahi ʻelele ʻē aʻe. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he hopena pau ʻole kēia ʻano hana! He kakaikahi wale nō nā mea kūʻai aku no kāu chip nui. Inā kaulana ʻoe, e nānā pono ka mea hana mua a me nā mea kūʻai aku iā ʻoe. ʻOiai inā ʻoe e hele me ke kauoha, ʻaʻole paha e aloha aku nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe iā ʻoe me ka minoʻaka, no ka mea, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e makaʻala, e ʻeli ʻoe i lua no lākou. He paʻakikī pinepine ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā loli o ka mākeke, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole i alakaʻi ka mea kūʻai aku ma kēia mākeke. Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kauoha i kēia lā, ua hana nui wau e kauoha, noi a alualu i nā waiwai. I ka lā ʻapōpō e hoʻopau ʻia ke kauoha a ka mea kūʻai aku a noʻonoʻo ʻoe e hoʻopau i ke kauoha a hoʻihoʻi paha. No laila, he mea nui loa no ke kūʻai ʻana e noʻonoʻo mau i ka hoʻohui a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā kauoha, a e neʻe i mua a hoʻi i hope me ke kūʻokoʻa.

Me ka hōʻoia ʻia o ka maikaʻi a me ka lawe ʻana, ua hiki i ka manawa e kamaʻilio ai e pili ana i ke kumukūʻai. He koʻikoʻi loa ke kumukūʻai, a hiki iā mākou ke kūkākūkā i ke kumukūʻai ke pau nā mea āpau. Aia ke kumukūʻai o nā ʻāpana maʻamau i loko o ka lima o nā ʻelele. ʻO nā kumukūʻai o kekahi mau ʻāpana koʻikoʻi maʻamau i loko o ka lima o nā mea hana mua, nāna e hāʻawi i nā kumukūʻai like ʻole ma o nā ʻelele e like me nā kūlana o ka mea kūʻai aku. Pehea e loaʻa ai ke kumukūʻai maikaʻi mai ka mea hana mua a i ʻole ka ʻelele? Inā ʻo ʻoe ke alakaʻi i ka ʻoihana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hilinaʻi i kāu hana a me ke kūlana mākeke e loaʻa ai ke kumukūʻai āu e manaʻo ai. Inā ʻo ʻoe kekahi o kēlā poʻe, mai hopohopo. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻelua a ʻoi aku paha nā ʻāpana hōʻailona e hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā huahana. ʻO ka mea nona ke kumukūʻai maikaʻi aʻe, e hoʻohana hou aku, a ʻo ka mea me ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa, e hoʻohana liʻiliʻi. ʻO kēia ke kāleka trump ma kou lima. Hopohopo nui nā mea hana mua a me nā ʻelele e pili ana i kēia ʻano Share. ʻAʻole ia he mea nui inā hoʻohana iki nā mea kūʻai aku, akā ʻaʻole pono ke hoʻohana me nā mea hoʻokūkū! I mea e hōʻoia a hoʻomaikaʻi i kēlā Share, e hana lākou i kā lākou mea maikaʻi loa e hoʻokō i kāu mau koi. Haha, maʻalahi ke kūkākūkā ʻana i ke kumukūʻai. Inā he ʻoihana hoʻolālā ʻoe (ka mea nāna e hana i nā hoʻolālā a kūʻai aku paha i nā hoʻolālā), ʻaʻole paha e nui ka nui o kāu kūʻai pololei, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia kou mana mākeke a me ka mana hoʻolaha. ʻO kāu kāleka trump inā hāʻawi mai ʻoe iaʻu i kahi kumukūʻai maikaʻi, e hoʻolālā wau i kāu chip i loko o kaʻu hopena. Inā ʻaʻohe kumukūʻai maikaʻi, e ʻimi wau i kahi ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā kumuwaiwai hoʻokele ma ka ʻoihana, ʻoiaʻiʻo hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana piha iā lākou.

Inā ʻaʻohe ou mea a ʻaʻohe ou mea, a laila pono ʻoe e kamaʻilio maikaʻi me ka ʻākena. E nānā kākou inā hiki i ka ʻākena ke hoʻololi malū i ke kūlana a hoʻolilo iā ʻoe i kanaka waiwai? Hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā waiwai i hoʻokaʻawale like ʻia mai nā mea kūʻai aku nui. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole kēia he mea hiki iā mākou ke kamaʻilio maʻamau. Pono mākou e kali a puka mai ka wai.

I ka wā e ʻimi ai i hoa, ʻoi aku ka nani, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ʻo ka mea kūpono ka mea maikaʻi loa ma hope o ka noʻonoʻo piha ʻana. Pēlā nō hoʻi no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea hoʻolako.

ʻO nā ʻelele o Niu I koʻu kāhea hou ʻana i ke kelepona, ua pane wau me ka hoʻomanawanui ʻole. Ma hope o ka ʻōlelo ʻana i kekahi mau huaʻōlelo me ka wikiwiki, ua kau hou wau i ke kelepona. He mea kupaianaha maoli nō ia! E hāʻawi wau iā ʻoe i ka ʻoihana a e hoʻowahāwahā mau ana. Haha, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo pēlā. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻohana nā sutras paʻakikī ke haʻi. ʻAʻole paha e ʻike ka poʻe kūʻai aku he kaomi kēia o nā ʻelele kūʻai aku. E ʻae mai iaʻu e ʻike inā hiki i koʻu ʻike ke wehewehe i ke kumu? He aha ka pahuhopu kūʻai aku no kahi mea kūʻai aku ma kahi keʻena? Manaʻo ka poʻe he mea kēia a ka luna i hahau ai ma kona poʻo, akā ʻaʻole wau i manaʻo pēlā. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka waiwai koʻikoʻi o nā hōʻailona kūʻai aku e nā ʻano kūlohelohe o ka hui ponoʻī. Ma hope o ke kūʻai aku ʻana ʻo FAE, logistics, personnel, logistics, boss; keʻena, hale kūʻai; kūʻai aku a me ka huakaʻi. Ua maʻa mākou i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā lilo a lākou e loaʻa ai ma ke ʻano he lilo kūʻai aku. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hui a me ke ʻano o ke ʻano kūʻai aku āna e hoʻohana ai e loaʻa nā lilo kūʻai like. I ka hui pū ʻana me ka palena waiwai kūʻai aku, hoʻoholo ia i ka nui o ke kūʻai aku liʻiliʻi e pono ai ka hui. ʻO nā kūʻai aku i māhele pololei ʻia nā pahuhopu kūʻai aku maʻamau o ka hui.

Ke nānā nei i ka loaʻa kālā hana a me ka nui o nā limahana o kēia mau ʻoihana, maopopo i nā mea a pau ʻaʻole lākou he mau ʻelele liʻiliʻi. Ma kēia mau ʻoihana ʻoihana nui, pono i kahi ʻenekinia kūʻai pololei kahi huli makahiki o kahi 4 miliona kālā US. Inā helu ʻia ka ʻauhau waiwai i hoʻohui ʻia, ʻo ia ʻO ka nui o ke kūʻai aku RMB i koi ʻia ma kahi o 30 miliona yuan. ʻO ia hoʻi, pono ʻo ia i 3 miliona i ke kūʻai aku i kēlā me kēia mahina. ʻO ka hana maʻamau o kēlā me kēia lā o kahi mea kūʻai aku maʻamau: ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nui o nā leka uila, a he nui o lākou e pono e pane ʻia. ʻO ka maʻamau 2/3 i loko o ka ʻoihana a ʻo 1/3 mai nā mea kūʻai aku. Nui nā hālāwai kūloko o ka ʻoihana i kēlā me kēia pule; hoʻolaha i nā huahana hou a me nā hoʻonā hou (me ka ʻole o nā huahana hou, ʻaʻohe kūʻai aku i ka wā e hiki mai ana); hōʻike i nā hana hou i ka hale hana mua; kipa ʻana i nā mea kūʻai maʻamau, loaʻa nā kauoha, a kau i nā kauoha me nā mea hoʻolako ma hope o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana. Hoʻoponopono (hoʻopau a hoʻohui paha), wikiwiki, hoʻouna, hoʻihoʻi uku, a pēlā aku. Ma kēia ʻano, pehea ka lōʻihi o ka manawa e hiki ai i kahi kanaka kūʻai aku ke hana me kahi mea kūʻai aku hou i kēlā me kēia lā? E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomaopopo kekahi i kekahi, ua luhi pū lākou i ka lā a pau. Ua ʻike maopopo lākou: ʻO kēlā me kēia Kūʻai aku e hilinaʻi nui ana i ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau mea kūʻai aku nui e hoʻokō i ka pahuhopu. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua ʻike pū nā ʻelele he 10% a i ʻole 5% paha o nā mea kūʻai aku o ka ʻoihana i hoʻokō i 90% a ʻoi aku paha o nā pahuhopu o ka ʻoihana. ʻOi aku ka mana o nā mea kūʻai aku.

ʻO ke kumu nui o ke kūʻai aku ʻana, ʻo ia ke kumu nui, a he kumu kūpono nō hoʻi ia. ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia nō hoʻi nā kumu pilikino. Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe kūʻai aku ka manaʻo hoʻopunipuni ma hope o ka hana ʻana no kekahi mau makahiki, no ka mea, he nui ka ʻoihana no ka mea, he nui lākou, a manaʻo lākou he ikaika ka ʻoihana no ka mea, he ikaika lākou. Haha, inā hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kēia inā hoʻomaka ʻoe i kāu ʻoihana ponoʻī, he mea kupanaha ia! He manaʻo ʻē aʻe kēia. Ua kamaʻilio ka mea kūʻai aku a me ka ʻelele ma ke kelepona, a ma mua o ko lākou ʻike ʻana, ua hoʻopau ke Kūʻai aku a ka ʻelele i ka loiloi o kahi mea kūʻai aku e hiki mai ana. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe makemake nui, e ʻike maoli ʻoe i kahi ala e hana ai me ia. ʻOiai ʻaʻole makemake nui ka ʻelele, ʻaʻohe pono o ka mea kūʻai aku e noi me ka hilahila ʻole. "Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe he mea kūʻai nui, no ke aha ʻoe e hoʻokaʻaʻike ʻole ai iā lākou?" Manaʻo wau pēlā. Pono hoʻi e kūlike nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā ʻelele. ʻAʻole manaʻo ka ʻelele ua loaʻa iā ia nā waiwai āu e makemake ai, ʻaʻole hoʻi ʻo ia ke manaʻo e kūʻai aku ʻo ia iā ʻoe ke loaʻa iā ia nā waiwai. Mai manaʻo he ʻoi aku ka nui o nā waiwai o ka ʻoihana nui. He nui ka ʻoihana, a ʻo ka mea nui ka nui ma mua o ke ʻano o nā huahana. ʻAʻohe ʻākena e makemake e wehe i kahi hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau Kina e kūʻai aku ana i nā mea āpau. He mea ia no nā "mea kūʻai aku i ka papa inoa." Manaʻolana nā ʻākena āpau e kūʻai aku i nā mea kūʻai aku nui loa a me ka hapa nui me nā ʻano like ʻole. Ua maʻa nā mea kūʻai aku maʻamau iā ia, no laila e hōʻike lākou i kekahi mau akamai kūikawā.

He aha ka semiconductor? I ka wā e hana ai me nā ʻelele, pono ʻoe e kūkākūkā i ke kumukūʻai i ka hopena. Ma mua o ke kūkākūkā ʻana i ke kumukūʻai, e aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka semiconductor. He mea kōkua ia i ke kūkākūkā ʻana i ke kumukūʻai! He aha ka semiconductor? Ua aʻo mai nā kumu ma ke kula waena iā mākou "ʻo ka mea (a i ʻole mea) ma waena o kahi alakaʻi uila a me kahi insulator he semiconductor. Ma ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ua hoʻopili ʻia kahi voltage i nā wēlau ʻelua o kahi mea. Inā he au e kahe ana ma waena, he alakaʻi ia, a inā ʻaʻohe au e kahe ana ma ia mea, he insulator ia. ʻO ka mea ma waena o nā mea ʻelua ʻo ia ka semiconductor. Ua ʻike mākou ʻo ka mea ma waena o ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka pōkole ʻo ia ka waena, a ʻo ka mea ma waena o ka wela a me ke anu ʻo ia ka wai mehana. Akā he aha ka mea ma waena o ke au a me ke au ʻole? ? He mea pohihihi loa ia! Inā aia ma laila, aia ma laila, a inā ʻaʻole, ʻaʻole! I kēia manawa aia kahi hakahaka, ua manaʻo koke wau he mea pohihihi loa nā semiconductors. Ua manaʻo paha ke kumu ʻaʻole lawa ko mākou ʻike kumu i kēlā manawa, a i ʻole kekahi mea ʻē aʻe. Ua kānalua wau a ʻaʻole i hāʻawi i kahi wehewehe. I koʻu komo ʻana i ke kulanui, ʻaʻole i haʻi ke kumu iā ia. Ua manaʻo paha wau he maʻalahi loa kēia nīnau. Makemake au e nīnau iā ia ma ka papa, akā ua makaʻu wau i ka nīnau he mea kamaliʻi loa ia a e ʻakaʻaka ʻia mai au. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ke kumu ma ka papa, no laila ua mau ka pilikia.

Ma hope o ka hana ʻana no kekahi mau makahiki, i kekahi lā ua hoʻomālamalama koke koʻu lolo iaʻu. Hōʻino, ua hoʻopunipuni ʻia au! ʻAʻohe mea alakaʻi "semi" ma ka honua. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "semiconductor" he alakaʻi nō hoʻi. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e manaʻoʻiʻo, e hoʻāʻo e hoʻopili i kahi voltage i nā wēlau ʻelua o kahi ʻāpana silicon monocrystalline a i ʻole polycrystalline silicon. E mau ana ke kahe ʻana o ke au ma waena, akā ʻaʻole maoli Ma waena o nā mea ʻelua, aia kekahi mea ma laila a ʻaʻohe mea ma laila. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano maoli o kēia mea ke mālama ʻia ko lākou mau ʻili: hoʻokahi ʻili "unuhi" i kekahi mau electrons a waiho i kekahi mau "lua" e hōʻike i ka polarity maikaʻi (maikaʻi), a ʻo kekahi ʻili e hoʻokomo i kekahi mau electrons e hoʻolilo iā lākou i maikaʻi. Loaʻa iā ia ka polarity maikaʻi ʻole, a laila pili pono nā ʻili ʻelua i mālama ʻia e hana i kahi "junction", ʻo ia ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo PN junction. He mea kupanaha kēia knot a hōʻike i kona ʻano kū hoʻokahi. Ke hoʻopili ʻia kahi voltage maikaʻi i kēia junction, ua liʻiliʻi loa kona kū'ē a me he mea lā he alakaʻi maikaʻi ia; Ke hoʻopili ʻia kahi voltage maikaʻi ʻole, nui loa kona kū'ē ʻana a me he mea lā he "insulator". Malia paha no kēia kumu i puka mai ai ka huaʻōlelo "semiconductor". ʻO ke kuhikuhi i mua he alakaʻi, a ʻo ke kuhikuhi i hope he mea insulator. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole kūlike ko lākou mau ʻano o kēia manawa a me ka voltage me ke kānāwai o Ohm me ka nānā ʻole inā ua hoʻopili ʻia ka voltage maikaʻi a i ʻole ka voltage maikaʻi ʻole. ʻAʻole ia he waiwai mau kona kū'ē, akā loli me nā loli o ke au a me ka voltage. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā uea i nā wēlau ʻelua o ia mea ka mea i kapa ʻia he diode.

ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻano o kēia hui ʻana e alakaʻi i nā ʻano diode he nui. ʻO ka poʻe e hoʻohana ana i nā ʻano i mua e komo pū me nā diode rectifier, nā diode reference, nā diode switching, nā diode damping, nā diode Schottky, nā diode photosensitive, a pēlā aku. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā mea kaulana loa a me ke ʻano hou ʻo ia ka diode light-emitting (LED). ʻO nā mea maʻamau e hoʻohana ana i nā ʻano hoʻohuli ʻo ia nā diode zener, nā diode isolation (protection), a pēlā aku. Inā hana ʻia kēia hui ʻana i mea liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "small signal diode", a inā hana ʻia i mea nui, ʻo ia ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "power diode". E hoʻohui i nā knots ʻelua mai ka hopena a i ka hopena a i ʻole ka wāwae i ka wāwae, a hoʻohui i kahi uea ma ka pilina e lilo i triode. Nānā: Inā pili ke poʻo a me ke pine, ʻaʻohe manaʻo, ʻelua wale nō diodes i hoʻopili ʻia ma ke ʻano series. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o nā ʻano o nā transistors, a ʻoi aku ka like ʻole o kā lākou noi. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i kēia mau diodes, transistors, a pēlā aku e like me nā pono like ʻole he kaapuni hoʻohui ʻia, i ʻike nui ʻia ʻo: IC. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ua hoʻohana maoli nā kānaka ʻepekema ʻAmelika nāna i hana i ka semiconductor i kēia ʻano hana ma ka hale hana. Ua hana ʻia kekahi i kahi ʻili pālahalaha, a ua hana ʻia kekahi i ke ʻano probe a paʻi paʻa i ka ʻili o kekahi e hana i kahi PN junction. ʻAʻole i hoʻohana iki ka hana ma hope o ka ʻoihana i kēia ʻano hana. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻāpana metala me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili a me ka hoʻopili ʻana iā lākou ʻaʻole ia e hana i kēia hanana. Pēlā nō, ʻaʻole e hana ka plastic a me nā insulators ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole hoʻi nā mea ʻē aʻe. I kēia manawa, ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia he ʻekolu wale nō mea ma ka honua i loaʻa kēia waiwai, silicon, germanium, a me kahi hui i kapa ʻia ʻo gallium arsenide. ʻO kēia nā mea i kapa ʻia he semiconductor materials. I waena o lākou, ʻo silicon ka mea i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka kūlike o kāna hana me nā koi honua, a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ke kaʻina hana o ka hana ʻana i nā huahana me ia a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kumukūʻai. No laila a hiki i kēia manawa aia wale nō "Silicon Valley" akā ʻaʻole "Germanium Valley" a me "Gallium Arsenide Valley". No hea mai ka silicon? one! No laila ke hoʻololi nei ka ʻoihana semiconductor i ke one i gula. Eia naʻe, he nīnau kaʻu i loaʻa ʻole iaʻu. ʻO ke ola o nā huahana semiconductor he "semi-infinite". He aha ke ʻano o kēia? Ma ke kumumanaʻo, ʻoiaʻiʻo nō ia ma waena o ka palena a me ka palena ʻole, akā ʻo wai ka mea ʻike i ka mea ma waena?

5. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o ka IC I ka wā e hana ai me nā ʻelele, he mea hiki ʻole ke pale ʻia ke kūkākūkā ʻana i ke kumukūʻai i ka hopena. I kēia manawa ua maopopo iā mākou nā semiconductors, e like me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke kumukūʻai o nā huahana semiconductor, kahi mea e kōkua ai i ke kūkākūkā ʻana i nā kumukūʻai! ʻO ka hana ʻana o IC e pili ana i: ka hoʻomohala huahana, ka hana ʻana a me ka hana ʻana. ʻO ka hoʻomohala huahana ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā huahana e like me nā pono o ka mākeke, a ʻo ka hana ʻana a me ka hana ʻana e hoʻololi i nā huahana i hoʻolālā ʻia i huahana maoli. Hoʻokaʻawale pinepine ʻia ka hana ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻina hana mua a me hope. ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka front-end ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana; ʻo ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka back-end ka hoʻopili ʻana, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā ʻāpana i nā huahana hope loa. ʻO nā kumukūʻai hoʻomohala: nā kumukūʻai hoʻomohala kaʻina hana a me nā kumukūʻai hoʻomohala huahana. No ka laʻana, ua like ka hana ʻana o IC me ka hana ʻana i nā buns mahu. He loea kekahi mau chef i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻano buns like ʻole me nā hoʻopiha, nā ʻano, nā nui, a me nā kala like ʻole e like me nā makemake o ka mea kūʻai aku (koi mākeke). Hoʻomoʻa wale kekahi mau chef i nā buns, a hoʻolālā i nā mahana like ʻole, nā manawa, a me nā nui mahu e like me nā koi o nā buns like ʻole e hana i nā buns mahu kūpono. ʻO ka haku mua e like me ka hoʻomohala huahana IC, a ʻo ka haku hope e like me ka hoʻomohala kaʻina hana IC. ʻOiai ke piʻi nei nā lawelawe hana hao IC i kēia manawa, hana pinepine ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kaʻina hana e kēia mau hale hao. Hoʻomohala lākou i nā kahe hana maʻamau, no laila pono nā ʻoihana IC e kālele wale i ka hoʻomohala huahana.

Ma kēia ʻano, ʻo nā kumukūʻai hoʻomohala maʻamau nā kumukūʻai hoʻomohala huahana. He kiʻekiʻe loa kēia ʻāpana o ke kumukūʻai a me nā pilikia hoʻopukapuka. ʻAʻole pinepine kēia mau pilikia mai ka ʻenehana ponoʻī akā mai ka mākeke, ʻo ia hoʻi, inā ʻae ʻia ka huahana āu e hoʻomohala ai e ka mākeke. Inā ʻae ʻia ka huahana i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka mākeke. ʻO nā lilo hoʻomohala i puʻunaue ʻia e ka huina kūʻai aku he mea liʻiliʻi pinepine. Akā inā ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia e ka mākeke, a laila ua like kēia mau hoʻopukapuka me ka hoʻolei ʻia ʻana i loko o ka wai. Aia kahi hanana ʻē. ʻO nā huahana e hoʻohana ana i nā ʻenehana hou he nui ʻaʻole paha e kaulana i nā mea kūʻai aku, a ʻo kēlā mau huahana i ʻae ʻia e ka mākeke e hoʻohewa pinepine ʻia e kekahi poʻe loea. He mea maʻamau nā hiʻohiʻona o kēia. ʻO nā kumukūʻai mea nui i haku ʻia me nā kumukūʻai hana ʻāpana a me nā kumukūʻai hoʻopili. Ua like iki ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana me ka mahu ʻana i nā buns. Inā ʻo ka hiki ke mahu i 50 buns i ka manawa hoʻokahi, a laila inā ʻoe e mahu i hoʻokahi bun i ka manawa a i ʻole e mahu i 50 buns, ua like ke kumukūʻai. ʻO ke kī, ʻo ka lilo o ka hōʻemi ʻana o nā lako he hana ia o ka manawa a ʻaʻohe mea e pili ana i ka hopena. ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka hana ʻana i 10,000 mau ʻāpana a me 100,000 mau ʻāpana i ka manawa like, ua like ia, akā ʻo ka lakio amortization he 10 manawa ʻokoʻa. Inā like nā kumu ʻē aʻe, e ʻokoʻa ke kumukūʻai ma kahi o 10 manawa. ʻO ka manawa emi maʻamau no nā lako IC he 4 mau makahiki (a i ʻole 5 mau makahiki), a he pipiʻi loa ke kumukūʻai. Ua like nā kumukūʻai IC me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mana.

I ka manawa like, hana ʻia nā IC ma nā wafers silicon. Ma lalo o ka ʻāpana chip silicon like, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻāpana o kahi IC hoʻokahi, ʻo ka nui o ka helu o nā IC i loko o ka chip silicon. Hoʻolālā ʻia nā wafers Silicon o ka nui like me nā laulā laina like ʻole, a ʻokoʻa loa nā nui. ʻO ke kumukūʻai hana o kēlā me kēia wafer silicon ua like. ʻO ka nui o ka helu, ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ke kumukūʻai o kēlā me kēia IC. ʻO ia ke kumu e emi nui nei ka laulā laina o nā IC, a me he mea lā ʻaʻohe hopena i ʻike ʻia. ʻO ka hōʻemi kumukūʻai ka mana hoʻokele ikaika loa. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o IC ka laulā laina. Pēlā nō, inā piʻi ke anawaena o ka wafer silicon, piʻi pololei kona ʻāpana, piʻi kokoke ka helu o nā IC ma ka wafer silicon, a piʻi ka helu pass chip i ka manawa like. ʻO ia ke kumu i hoʻomau ai ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻāpana o nā wafers silicon i nā makahiki: 5 ʻīniha, 6 ʻīniha, 8 ʻīniha, 12 ʻīniha... ʻO ka hōʻemi kumukūʻai IC ʻo ia ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nui o nā wafers silicon. ʻO ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka nui o ka pūʻolo he neʻe nō hoʻi ia, ʻaʻole wale ia e hoʻokō i nā koi o nā huahana uila e lilo i mea liʻiliʻi a māmā, akā e hoʻemi nui ana hoʻi i ke kumukūʻai o ka pūʻolo, ʻoiai no nā mea uila. Ma muli o ka nui o ka pūʻolo, ʻo ke kumukūʻai o ka pūʻolo kekahi hapa nui o ke kumukūʻai o ka huahana holoʻokoʻa. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, he kālā nā mea hana, ʻaʻole kēia he mau mea maʻamau.

He mea nui ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka laulā laina a me ka leo i nā IC kikohoʻe. ʻOiai e hōʻemi ana i ka nui a me ke kaumaha o nā huahana uila, hoʻonui pū ia i ka alapine hana o ke kaapuni a hōʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mana. Akā, ʻaʻole kēia ka hihia no nā IC mana. Ua ʻike anei ʻoe ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka hilinaʻi o kēia manawa 7805 e like me ma mua? ʻAe, koe wale nō ka hāʻule ʻana o kona au hoʻopuka kiʻekiʻe loa mai ka 1.5A mua a i ka 1A o kēia manawa, ua aneane nalowale ka palena mana mua no ka mana kūloko i ka wā e emi ai ka ʻāpana chip. Eia kekahi, ʻo kāna ʻōpala mua he metala āpau ʻo TO-3, a ma hope he plastic + metal TO-220. I kēia manawa ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou he TO-220F plastik āpau, kahi e hōʻemi ai i ke kaumaha, ka nui, a me ke kumukūʻai. E hāʻule koke ia ke hoʻouka nui ʻia. No laila, inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā mau i nā huahana e like me kāu mau hana mua, e maʻalahi ka holo ʻana i nā pilikia. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea mana, me nā IC, transistors (MOSFETs, bipolar transistors, diodes), a pēlā aku, he mau pilikia ia. I ka wā ma mua, ua hāʻawi ka mea hana iā ʻoe i kahi hōʻailona a waiho i kekahi palena no ia. I kēia manawa, hāʻawi ia iā ʻoe i kahi hōʻailona maoli. ʻAʻohe palena. Pono ʻoe e mālama i ka palena iā ʻoe iho! A i ʻole, koho ʻoe iā xxxxA, a i ʻole xxxxB ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua piʻi pū nā kumukūʻai. Huaʻōlelo maikaʻi: paionia a me ka hana hou; huaʻōlelo maikaʻi ʻole: ʻokiʻoki i nā kihi!

6. Koho Huahana Manaʻo ka poʻe he nui ʻo ke kūʻai ʻana ke kumu nui i ka kaohi ʻana i nā kumukūʻai a me ke kūkākūkā ʻana, akā ʻaʻole wau i manaʻo pēlā. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ke kumu o ka kaohi ʻana i nā kumukūʻai ma ka lima o ka mea kūʻai. Ke waiho nei ka BOM ma ka lima o ka mea kūʻai, ua moʻa mua ʻia, a he mea maopopo ia. ʻO ka naʻauao o ka poʻe kūʻai wale nō ka hau ma luna o ke keke ma ka maikaʻi loa. Aia ke kī i ka kaohi kumukūʻai ma R&D. Inā pono ʻoe e hoʻomohala a hoʻonui paha i nā huahana, he aha nā huahana (nā ʻāpana) āu e koho ai a mai wai mai? Hoʻoholo i ke kumukūʻai o nā huahana i hoʻopau ʻia i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Manaʻo wau e hoʻāʻo ke koho huahana e hilinaʻi i nā huahana me nā nui hana nui a me nā kumukūʻai hoʻokūkū piha ma ka mākeke. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā lako mana, nā microcontrollers, nā kaapuni interface, a me nā relays, nā sensor, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe no ka ʻike, me nā kīwī, nā kamepiula, nā papa, nā ea hoʻoluʻu, nā mea kuke induction, nā mana mamao, nā paikikala uila, nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe vacuum, nā mika uila, nā mika wai, nā mea hoʻohele uila ʻole, nā monitor kamepiula, nā mea paʻi A me kekahi mau huahana kikohoʻe a pēlā aku. He aha nā ʻāpana a lākou e hoʻohana nei? Inā hiki i kēia mau ʻāpana ke hana, pono ʻoe e koho i kēia me ke kānalua ʻole. No ke aha? No ka mea, ua hana ʻia kēia mau huahana i nā nui he nui, he koʻikoʻi loa lākou i ke kumukūʻai. Inā ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ka hana kumukūʻai a ʻaʻole lawa ka hilinaʻi o ka maikaʻi, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻohana nui ʻia. I kēia hihia, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe pono iā mākou e ʻimi i kahi ala ʻē aʻe. ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa ke kumukūʻai like mai kēia mau mea hana, ʻo ke kumukūʻai piha o kēia mau ʻano like ʻole ka mea hoʻokūkū loa. I ka manawa like, ma muli o ka nui, e nui nā mea hana mua e hāʻawi ana i nā huahana like a kūpono paha, no laila ʻaʻole anei e hōʻoia ʻia ka lako a me ke kumukūʻai i ka wā e hiki mai ana? Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ka chip target, he nīnau ia no ka mea e koho ai. Mai hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka mea e koho ai. ʻO ka mea e koho ai e hoʻoholo i ka mea e kūʻai ai i nā huahana i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻOiai ʻo ka hale hana mua e hoʻokō pinepine i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻopaʻa inoa no ka hoʻokele ʻana i nā ʻelele, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka wā e hiki ai i ka mea kūʻai aku a me kahi ʻelele i kahi ʻaelike, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ka mea kūʻai aku ma ke ʻano he mea kūʻai aku o ka ʻelele. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole hiki i nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe ke hāʻawi hou i nā lawelawe a me nā huahana i kēia mea kūʻai aku me ka ʻole o nā kūlana kūikawā. Pēlā nō, ʻaʻole hiki i kēia mea kūʻai ke loaʻa i kahi ʻelele ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hāʻawi i nā huahana a me nā lawelawe. I ka pōkole, ke hōʻoia nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua i ko lākou manaʻo e hana pū, lilo ka mea kūʻai aku i mea kūʻai aku o kahi ʻoihana. No laila, pono ʻoe e makaʻala i ka mea āu e koho ai i kahi huahana. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiho ʻana i kēia pilikia i ke kūʻai ʻana. Ma keʻano laulā, ʻoi aku ka ʻike o lākou ma mua o nā ʻenekinia R&D, a ʻo ia hoʻi ko lākou kuleana.

E makaʻala: He aha ke ʻano o ka hōʻea ʻana i kahi ʻaelike? I kekahi manawa manaʻo ʻoe ua kūkākūkā wale wau me ka FAE o kēia keʻena ma kekahi mau pilikia loea, a ʻo ka ʻike aʻu i noi ai aia i loko o ka laulā o ke kamaʻilio ʻana akā ʻaʻole i hōʻoia i ka laulima e hiki mai ana. No ke aha i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ai au ma ke ʻano he mea kūʻai aku o kēia keʻena? Akā ʻaʻole paha e ʻike ka ʻelele i kēia ʻano. Ua hāʻawi ʻo ia iā ʻoe i nā lawelawe, a ʻaʻole ʻoe he mea kūʻai aku o nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ʻoe kāna mea kūʻai aku, a hiki ke kau ʻia nā kauoha e hiki mai ana ma aneʻi wale nō. No laila, i kekahi manawa pono nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua e hoʻolohe a hoʻāʻo e wehewehe i nā mea ma mua e pale aku i ka maopopo ʻole a hoʻohauʻoli i nā mea a pau i ka wā e hiki mai ana. He ʻano maikaʻi ko ka mea kūʻai aku. Ke hoʻoholo ʻole ʻo ia i ka ʻelele e hana pū me ia i ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻaʻole pono e hohonu loa ke kamaʻilio ʻana e pale aku i ka kuhihewa. ʻOiaʻiʻo, pono kekahi mau ʻelele e ʻoi aku ka lokomaikaʻi. Inā ʻaʻole nui loa, mai hopohopo no ia mea. Hiki i nā mea kūʻai ke hoʻokaʻaʻike pololei i ka mea hana mua, akā inā ʻaʻole ia he mea kūʻai nui, hoʻolauna pinepine ka mea hana mua i ka mea kūʻai aku i kā lākou ʻelele. E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, e ʻae i ka mea hana mua e paipai i kahi ʻelele, a i ʻole e ʻimi pololei iā ʻoe iho? Loaʻa pinepine i ka Hale Hana ʻo Dayuan kahi papa inoa lōʻihi o nā ʻelele. Loaʻa iā lākou nā keʻena a me nā lālā ma aneane ma ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa. ʻO wai kaʻu e ʻimi ai? He ʻokoʻa ke kūlana o kēlā me kēia ʻelele, a he ʻokoʻa loa nā ʻano kūʻai aku a me nā hoʻolālā. He waiwai nui kekahi, e hoʻolilo ana i ko lākou mau lima i ao a me ka ua, a makemake nui e hana i nā ʻaelike nui a hana i nā ʻaelike nui. Makemake kekahi e kālele i kekahi mau kahua kikoʻī, me ka manaʻolana e lilo i alakaʻi ma kēia kahua a noho i kēia ʻekolu hapakolu o ka ʻeka. Inā nui nā kauoha e hiki mai ana, e hoʻāʻo ʻia hoʻi ka ikaika kālā o ka ʻelele. Inā ʻaʻohe pilikia e like me ia, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i kahi ʻelele me nā huahana i hoʻolaʻa ʻia a ʻoihana a me ke kākoʻo loea. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻelele ʻoihana e hāʻawi i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ʻoihana. No ka laʻana: ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kekahi mau mea hana mana kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā mea hana mana haʻahaʻa. no ke aha? No ka mea he nui kāna mau mea kūʻai aku no kēia kumu hoʻohālike a he nui ka nui o nā waiwai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kumukūʻai. I kekahi manawa, e alakaʻi pono nā ʻelele i kekahi mau mea kūʻai aku mana haʻahaʻa e hoʻohana i kāna mau mea hana mana kiʻekiʻe. No nā mea hoʻohana, no ke aha e koho ʻole ai i nā mea hana mana kiʻekiʻe ma ke kumu kūʻai like a haʻahaʻa paha? He pono ke kumukūʻai, kiʻekiʻe ka hilinaʻi, a maʻalahi hoʻi ka hoʻokele waihona. No ka ʻākena, ma kēia ʻano hiki ke hoʻoikaika hou ʻia kona pono i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā waiwai, a i ka manawa like, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka pilikia o ka waihona (ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o nā ʻano like ʻole, ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ka pilikia o ka waihona).

ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia kekahi kumu no nā ʻelele. Ma hea ʻē aʻe e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ia mea hana a me ia kumukūʻai ma waho aʻe oʻu? E paʻa wale wau i kēia hapakolu o ka ʻeka o ka ʻāina. E pōmaikaʻi i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe a me ʻoe iho, hauʻoli nā mea a pau! (E kala mai, i kēia manawa ua kapa ʻia ʻo "win-win") I mea e mālama ai i kēia ʻāina ʻekolu ʻeka, ua hana nui ka ʻelele a hoʻolilo i ke kālā lawa. ʻO ka FAE lawa a ʻoihana pinepine kā lākou ala nui. ʻOiaʻiʻo, he pono kēia no nā mea kūʻai aku. Hiki i ka FAE ʻoihana ke hāʻawi i nā lawelawe loea manuahi ʻoihana no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka huahana. Mai nā hoʻolālā kuhikuhi a hiki i nā Total Solutions. Inā he mau pilikia i ka hana ʻana, aia mau mākou ma ke kelepona a hiki ke hoʻoponopono koke iā lākou. Pehea ʻoe e koho hou ai e pili ana i ia ʻano lawelawe? Ma muli o ke ʻano i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ua lako pono kēia mau ʻelele. Hoʻonoho pinepine lākou i nā kauoha ʻaʻole ma muli o nā kauoha a nā mea kūʻai aku mai ka hale hana mua, akā ma muli o nā wānana koi a nā mea kūʻai aku. I kekahi manawa, e hoʻohana pū lākou i ke kumukūʻai maikaʻi e loaʻa ai kahi puʻu o nā waiwai e pili ana i ke kūlana lako a me ke koi o ka hale hana mua. Ma kēia ʻano, ua hōʻoia ʻia nā noi a nā mea kūʻai aku no nā waiwai i kēlā me kēia manawa. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka lako i hōʻoia ʻia a me ka lawe ʻana i ka manawa kūpono iaʻu ma mua o ke kumukūʻai. Loaʻa ka ʻike like me nā microcontrollers (MCUs) (e makaʻala, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kumukūʻai o nā mīkini 8-bit o kēia wā ma mua o nā mīkini 4-bit).

Hāʻawi nā ʻelele i nā ʻāpana i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā mīkini home. Hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau ʻāpana me ka hoʻomanaʻo nui a me nā interface he nui e lawelawe i nā huahana āpau. E hoʻonohonoho i kahi PCB i hoʻohui ʻia a kākau hou i nā polokalamu like ʻole no nā huahana like ʻole. Inā makemake ʻoe i kahi interface hoʻololi A/D, ʻokoʻa loa ke kumukūʻai o kahi microcontroller me kahi interface A/D. he aha ka mea e hana ai? ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, inā ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ka pololei o ka hoʻololi ʻana, e ʻōlelo ka FAE o ka ʻelele i kahi kaapuni liʻiliʻi e hiki ke hoʻohālike i kahi interface A/D me ʻekolu mau ʻāpana, a e hoʻoponopono ʻia kēia pilikia. He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā he kūikawā ka huahana a ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke loaʻa kahi huahana kuhikuhi no kekahi manawa? Aia kekahi kumumanaʻo: i ke koho ʻana i kahi huahana, e hoʻāʻo e hoʻololi i ka huahana ma kahi o ka ʻae ʻana i ka huahana e hoʻololi iaʻu. He aha ke ʻano? I ke koho ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻaʻike aku i kekahi mau ʻelele a hoʻolohe i kā lākou hoʻolauna FAE a me Sales. Inā makemake ʻoe e koho i kahi MOSFET, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona nui a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i loko o ka laulā noi i koi ʻia? Inā hoʻokō nā palena nui i nā koi noi akā ʻaʻole kūpono kekahi mau palena, hiki iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo i nā ala e hana ai i kekahi mau hoʻololi? Eia kekahi laʻana: inā nui ke au leakage a nui ke kū'ē ʻana, e nānā mua inā hiki ke lanakila ʻia? Hiki ke hoʻoponopono i ke kaapuni e kūpono i kēia hāmeʻa i manaʻo ʻia? I loko o nā huahana lōʻihi o ka hale hana mua, aia nō he nui nā hāmeʻa i kuhikuhi ʻia i kekahi mau mākeke haole a me nā mea kūʻai aku kikoʻī. ʻAʻole lākou i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka mākeke Kina a ʻaʻole hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e nā mea kūʻai aku.

Inā manaʻo ʻoe he mea kūpono loa ia no kāu noi a koho i kēia kumu hoʻohālike, e loaʻa pinepine iā ʻoe nā pilikia pau ʻole. Hiki ke hala i kekahi mau pule e noi ai no nā laʻana. No ka mea, ʻaʻole ʻōlelo ka mea hana mua, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka waihona laʻana a ʻaʻohe o FAE ma ka lima. ʻOi aku ka pilikia o nā kauoha PP. Inā ʻaʻole i hiki i ka nui o ke kauoha liʻiliʻi (MOQ), e mālama anei ka ʻelele i ka nui keu a e mālama paha ʻoe? Inā ʻaʻole holo maikaʻi ka PP a pono kekahi PP akā ke nalowale nei ka nui keu mua, e ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī. ʻĀ, ua hala hope ʻo PP, a ua kū mai ka pilikia MP. Pono ka Wānana e pololei a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka PO. He mea paʻakikī i nā mea kūʻai aku o kēia manawa ke hana i kēia. ʻAe, inā ʻoe e hana. Inā he pilikia me ka lawe ʻana o ka hale hana mua, a laila he uē no ka pane ʻole i kēlā me kēia lā, a he uē no ka hāʻule ʻana! Ma hea e loaʻa ai iaʻu nā kumu o nā waiwai a me nā pani? ʻO wai ka mea hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe? Inā kali ʻoe a hiki i ka hopena o ka makahiki e kūkākūkā i nā kumukūʻai, pehea ʻoe e kūkākūkā ai no ke kūʻai ʻana? He mea hilahila nui ia no ka ʻākena ke mālama i ke kumukūʻai mua, no ka mea, ua pau mua lākou i ke ahi! Ke hiki mai nā waiwai, ʻaʻole e ʻohi nā mea kūʻai aku iā lākou i ka manawa kūpono; i ka pau ʻana o ka waihona, e uwē a hoʻopiʻi nā mea kūʻai aku. ʻO wai lā ka mea hiki ke hoʻomanawanui? No laila, he mea nui loa ke koho ʻana i nā ʻāpana R&D i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā huahana. ʻO ke koho ʻana i nā huahana "trend" e loaʻa i ka pālua o ka hopena me ka hapalua o ka hoʻoikaika. Ke koho ʻoe i ke kumu hoʻohālike, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā kūʻai i ka wā e hiki mai ana me ka maʻalahi; inā ʻaʻole, e paʻakikī ke iho.

Inā manaʻo kekahi he mea hoʻopaneʻe wale ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke kumukūʻai ma o ke kūʻai ʻana a me ka pāʻani hoʻopunipuni, a laila e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia lākou. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻike mamao, e pōmaikaʻi iā ʻoe iho, a e mahalo ʻia e haʻi.

ʻO ke kumukūʻai a me ke kumukūʻai o nā huahana laulā I ka wā e hana ai me nā ʻelele, he mea hiki ʻole ke pale ʻia ke kūkākūkā ʻana i ke kumukūʻai i ka hopena. I kēia manawa ua maopopo iā mākou nā huahana semiconductor a me kā lākou ʻano kumukūʻai, e hoʻi kākou i ka ʻoihana. Hoʻomaopopo mākou ua hoʻoholo ʻia ke kumukūʻai o kahi huahana e ka mākeke ma mua o ke kumukūʻai i kapa ʻia (koe wale nō nā huahana kūikawā pākahi). ʻOiai inā maopopo iā mākou ke kumukūʻai o kēia huahana a loaʻa iā mākou kahi manaʻo no ia mea, ʻaʻohe pono e haʻi aku i ka wā e kūkākūkā ana i ke kumukūʻai, no ka mea, ʻo ke kumukūʻai ka ʻoihana a ka hoa paio a ʻaʻohe ona pili iā ʻoe! Ua ʻōlelo ʻoe, akā ʻaʻole hauʻoli ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe. ʻO ke kumukūʻai mākeke o kahi huahana he 1 yuan. ʻOiai inā he 1 keneta wale nō ke kumukūʻai, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e kūʻai aku iā ʻoe no 9 keneta. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, inā he 2 yuan kona kumukūʻai, ʻaʻole ʻoe e kau i kahi kauoha nona ma 2 yuan me ka lapuwale. He maʻalahi ke kumu, hoʻoholo ka mākeke i ke kumukūʻai a ʻaʻohe ona pili i ke kumukūʻai. ʻO wai kā mākou e kūʻai ai i kahi huahana me ke kumukūʻai mākeke o 1 yuan, he ʻelele? Mea kālepa? No kahi huahana nona ke kumukūʻai mākeke he 1 yuan, hiki iā kākou ke hoʻoikaika no ke kumukūʻai o 9 keneta 8, 9 keneta 5, a i ʻole haʻahaʻa iki aʻe?

Manaʻo wau hiki iā kākou ke hoʻokaʻawale mua i nā ʻāpana e pono ai ke kūʻai ʻia i ʻelua mau ʻāpana: ke kumu laulā a me ke kumu kūikawā. ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo universal e pili ana i kekahi mau huahana i hana ʻia e nā mea hana he nui i hiki ke hoʻololi a kūlike. E like me: 78xx series, 74xxxx logic series, a me kekahi mau amplifiers operational, voltage comparator, MOSFETs, diodes, transistors, etc. ʻO nā ʻano o kēia mau huahana: haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai, ikaika ka versatility, a me nā mea hana he nui. No ke kūʻai ʻana i kēia mau huahana, manaʻo wau he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻai ʻana mai nā mea kūʻai aku. ʻO nā mea kūʻai aku i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ʻaneʻi e pili ana i nā hui me kahi unahi, kahi nui o ka waihona kiko, a me ka hōʻoia ma hope o ke kūʻai aku, ʻo ia hoʻi ma lalo. (He liʻiliʻi kekahi mau mea kālepa i kēia manawa a ʻaʻohe waihona kiko a ʻimi pinepine i nā waiwai e pili ana i nā kauoha a nā mea kūʻai aku. Pono ka noho ʻana o kēia mau hui i ko lākou noʻonoʻo a me ka waiwai. Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hoʻohana i ko lākou mau ikaika i koʻu pono? E kūkākūkā mākou ma hope.) Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo e ʻimi i kahi ʻākena me ke kauoha o 7805 1kk a ʻike inā hoʻokipa lākou iā ʻoe me ka minoʻaka. No ke aha mai? No ka mea, inā paha e hiki ke hoʻomaka pono ʻia kēia ʻoihana, ʻo ke kumukūʻai o 1KK he 100K wale nō i kēlā me kēia mahina ma ka awelika. ʻOiai inā he $0.10 ke kumukūʻai o ka ʻāpana, he ʻoihana ia he 10,000 kālā ʻAmelika. Inā he 5% ka loaʻa kālā nui, he 3,000 RMB wale nō ke kumukūʻai

E nānā hou kākou i kēia ʻākena. ʻO ka mea mua, pono lākou e hana i nā wānana no nā mea hana mua. No kēia mau huahana ʻaʻohe ʻike loea, haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai, a ʻaʻole "loaʻa" ke kālā, hoʻokaʻawale pinepine nā mea hana mua iā lākou. Hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻia nā wānana i hana ʻia e nā ʻākena. Hoʻokahi pahi; ua hoʻokele hope wau e hoʻololi iā ia i PO, a ʻaʻole e hōʻoia ka hale hana mua i ka manawa hāʻawi no ʻoe. Eia naʻe, ke loaʻa iā ʻoe i loko o ka ʻōnaehana, e mākaukau ʻoe e hoʻopuka i ka palapala hōʻoia a lawe i nā waiwai; inā lohi i loko o ka ʻōnaehana, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e wikiwiki. ʻOiai inā ʻoe e koi mai iaʻu, ʻaʻohe mea e nānā iā ʻoe. No laila, inā hōʻea mua ʻoe, pono ʻoe e lawe a waiho i loko o ka hale kūʻai. He kaumaha kēia mea a lawe i kahi. Ke hōʻea lohi wau, hele mai nā mea kūʻai aku e hoʻomanaʻo iaʻu i kēlā me kēia lā a hoʻoweliweli iaʻu i kēlā me kēia manawa. Hiki ke hoʻouna i nā waiwai, akā makemake ka mea kūʻai aku e hoʻouna ʻoe i kahi ʻelele no ka mea ua lohi loa ka laina hana. Auē kuʻu akua, pehea e hiki ai ke hoʻouna ʻia kēia mea ma ka lawe wikiwiki? Akā ʻaʻohe ala ʻē aʻe, ʻo wai ka mea e lohi? ʻO ka hope loa, i ka wā e hiki aku ai i ka mea kūʻai aku, aia nō he 30 a me 60 mau lā o ka hoʻoponopono mahina e kali ana. I loko o kēia wā lōʻihi, e loli pū nā kumukūʻai. Inā piʻi ke kumukūʻai mākeke, e ʻōlelo nā mea kūʻai aku, "Aia kahi ʻaelike mua, a e hana mākou e like me ka ʻaelike." Inā emi ke kumukūʻai, e ʻōlelo nā mea kūʻai aku, "Ua ʻōlelo ko mākou alakaʻi, i kēia manawa ua haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai, he aha kaʻu e hana ai?" Hiki iaʻu ke hoʻoponopono i ka bila ma ke kumukūʻai mua? Ma hope o kēia puni, inā hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa he 10 a 8 paha yuan mai loko mai o 3,000 yuan, e laki ʻoe me ka ʻole o ka nalowale ʻana o ke kālā. I kekahi manawa inā ʻaʻole holo pono nā mea, e poina wale lākou i ka pohō a pinepine i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nui o nā pilikia me nā mea kūʻai aku. ʻOiai ua hana nui nā ʻelele, ua hoʻopaneʻe lākou i ka hana ʻana, a inā e hoʻopiʻi nā alakaʻi iā lākou, e nānā maikaʻi anei nā mea kūʻai aku iā lākou? Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e lilo i mau hoaaloha i ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pohō ma mua o ka loaʻa kālā. ʻO wai ka mea hiki ke hoʻomanawanui i kēia ʻeha? No kēia mau huahana laulā, ʻoi aku ka makemake o nā ʻelele e hana me nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea kālepa. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki, ua hana mua wau i kahi Forecast o xxxKK a kali i ka mea hana mua e komo mai a laila hoʻoili iā PO. Inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā waiwai, ʻaʻole e wikiwiki nā mea kālepa iaʻu. Eia naʻe, loaʻa iā lākou nā waihona a i ʻole nā ​​​​mana ʻē aʻe. Ke hiki mai nā waiwai, e kelepona mai iaʻu a e hoʻonohonoho lākou e kiʻi iā lākou, a e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ke kālā. E hele mai me kekahi lima a hele me kekahi, ʻoiai hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau helu e loaʻa kālā. Inā loaʻa i kahi mea kūʻai aku hope kahi ʻelele, makemake nui lākou e hoʻolauna i ka mea kūʻai aku i kā lākou mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea kālepa, a hauʻoli nā mea a pau. No ka hale hana mua, no ke aha e hoʻomau ai i ka hana ʻana inā ʻaʻole ia e loaʻa kālā? Manaʻo wau ʻo ke kumu nui, ʻo kekahi mau mea kūʻai aku e hoʻohana ana i kā lākou mau ʻāpana nui a me nā ʻāpana nui e pono ai kēia mau ʻāpana. ʻO ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka lako o kēia mau ʻāpana kōkua e nalowale paha kēia mau mea kūʻai aku; akā ʻo ke kumu nui loa: pono ka hana ʻana o nā huahana semiconductor i ke "kaulike", ʻo ia hoʻi, Aia kahi hana paʻa o kēlā me kēia mahina.

A he kau ko ke koi o ka mākeke, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ke kau waho a me ke kau kiʻekiʻe. Ke lawa ʻole nā ​​kauoha hana, pono ka hale hana mua i kēia mau huahana versatile a nui e hoʻopiha iā lākou. ʻO ia ke kumu e kauoha pinepine ʻia ai kēia mau huahana me ka ʻike ʻole i ka manawa hāʻawi pololei. No nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea kālepa, hiki iā lākou ke lawe i 3, 4 a ʻoi aku paha nā lama i ka manawa like. Loaʻa kēia mau huahana i nā wahi āpau a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e kēlā me kēia ʻohana. ʻAʻole lākou makaʻu i nā backlogs, a ma ka hapa nui ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā lā huli. ʻO kēlā me kēia manawa a me ka hale kūʻai i ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kumukūʻai, e kūʻai wau i kēlā me kēia lama. No laila, loaʻa iā lākou ka nui o ka waihona a pinepine nā kumukūʻai maikaʻi loa. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i ke kūʻai ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i kekahi mau mea kālepa like ʻole e hoʻohālikelike i nā kumukūʻai. ʻAʻole ʻoe e ʻeha i kekahi pohō ma ke kūʻai ʻana a puni. Hiki i ka mea kālepa hoʻokahi ke nānā inā he ʻokoʻa nā kumukūʻai o nā lama like ʻole? No ke aha e hopohopo ai no ka loaʻa ʻole o ke kumukūʻai maikaʻi loa? Eia naʻe, manaʻo wau he mea ʻole ke hoʻohālikelike wale ma ke kumukūʻai, no ka mea, ua like loa lākou. Ua lawa ka nānā ʻana i ka lawelawe a me ka kaulana o ka hui a kuhikuhi i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau hui. ʻO ka laulima lōʻihi e hoʻomaha a hauʻoli ai nā mea a pau. He mea nui ke kumukūʻai. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā mea āu e makemake ai. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, he hōʻike kēia o kāu pae hana ponoʻī a me kou hiki, a me ka hilinaʻi o kou haku a me kou mau alakaʻi. Akā, mai lawe nui ʻia. Inā he mau pilikia me ka maikaʻi o ka mea hoʻolako a i ʻole ka lawe ʻana mai, e holoi ʻia nā loaʻa liʻiliʻi āu i loaʻa ai me ka ʻole o kahi ʻike. Hoʻopilikia ia iā ʻoe iho a ʻaʻole maikaʻi no ka hui.

8. ʻO ke kumukūʻai a me ke kumukūʻai o nā huahana kumu kūikawā He aha kaʻu e manaʻo nei me kahi huahana i hoʻolaʻa ʻia (IC)? ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole maopopo iaʻu pehea e wehewehe ai iaʻu iho. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo kā lākou hoʻohana pinepine ʻia he kikoʻī, e like me: nā ʻāpana TV LCD, nā ʻāpana kamepiula papa, nā ʻāpana pahu set-top, a pēlā aku. Akā ʻaʻole kēia he mea paʻa loa. No ka laʻana, he nui nā kahua noi o kekahi mau microcontrollers a me nā ʻāpana DSP, akā hoʻokaʻawale pinepine mākou iā lākou he mau ʻāpana kumu kūikawā. ʻAʻole e ʻōlelo nā ʻelele i kekahi mau ʻāpana me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā mea i loko a me waho o ka mea kūʻai aku. ʻAʻole e hāʻawi nā mea hoʻohana o kēia mau ʻāpana iā lākou i nā ʻelele me ka ʻole o ka hōʻoia mai ka mea hana mua. Manaʻo wau ʻo kēia nā ʻāpana kūikawā a mākou e ʻōlelo pinepine ai. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o nā kaapuni i hoʻohui ʻia ua māhele ʻia i nā kumukūʻai hana, nā kumukūʻai hoʻomohala a me nā kumukūʻai kūʻai aku, akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he mau moʻolelo huikau kēia a pau. Eia naʻe, he aha nā moʻokāki i hōʻike ʻia ma nā manawa like ʻole. Inā hana ʻia ka kaapuni i hoʻohui ʻia e ka mea hana ponoʻī, ʻo ka emi ʻana o nā lako hana ka hapa nui o ke kumukūʻai hana. Akā, ʻaʻole wale kēia lako e hana i kēia huahana. Pehea e hoʻokaʻawale pono ai i kēia ʻāpana o ke kumukūʻai? Ma waho aʻe o nā wafers silicon, ua kaʻana like ʻia kekahi wai, uila, a me ke kinoea. Inā piha ka mana hana, ua maikaʻi. Inā keu ka mana hana, ʻo wai ka mea e uku i ke kumukūʻai o ke koena? Haha, ʻaʻole kēia he kālā liʻiliʻi.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, inā e hoʻoili ʻia ka ʻāpana a me ka pūʻolo i waho, a laila maʻalahi ka helu ʻana o ke kumukūʻai hana. Eia naʻe, ʻo ke kumukūʻai hana o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ke kumukūʻai hana o ka IC. ʻO nā kumukūʻai hoʻomohala ka mea ʻino loa e ʻōlelo ai. ʻO ka nīnau maʻalahi loa, ua manaʻo ʻia anei nā uku o ka luna hoʻomalu a me ka CEO i nā kumukūʻai hoʻomohala? Eia naʻe, hiki i kēia hīnaʻi ke loaʻa i nā mea āu e makemake ai. Ke hele hohonu nei, inā he uku paʻa ke kumukūʻai hoʻomohala, a laila pehea ka nui o ke kumukūʻai i kaʻana like ʻia e kēlā me kēia IC? ʻO ka hoʻomohala huahana ka mea mua, a ʻo ke kūʻai aku ma hope. He mea paʻakikī kēia e ʻōlelo. Inā he nui ka pahuhopu i ka wā e hoʻomohala ʻia ai ka huahana, akā i loko o ke ola o ke ola mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kūʻai aku a hiki i ka hoʻopau hope ʻana o ka huahana, ʻo ka nui maoli o ke kūʻai aku he mau makahiki ma hope (ʻoiaʻiʻo, i kekahi manawa he mau mahina), a ʻo ka nui o kēia ʻokoʻa nui he nui loa. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o 1 miliona a me 10 miliona he 10 mau manawa. No laila, inā kūkākūkā kahi mea hoʻolako i ke kumukūʻai me ʻoe a haʻaheo e pili ana i ka nui o kā lākou kumukūʻai hoʻomohala, hiki i kou manaʻo ke auwana a noʻonoʻo i nā mele kahiko: e ʻakaʻaka. ʻAʻole i lohi loa ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kou manaʻo i ka wā e kūkākūkā ʻia ai ke kumukūʻai.

He ʻāpana nui nō hoʻi nā kumukūʻai kūʻai aku, me ke kūʻai mua ʻana a me ke kūʻai aku ma hope. I ka wā ma mua, ua maʻalahi nā noi IC, a hiki i nā ʻenekinia noi a nā mea hana ke lawelawe iā lākou iho. I kēia mau lā, ke ulu nei nā IC i ka pae ʻōnaehana. Ma waho aʻe o ka lako, pili loa lākou i ka polokalamu a me nā polokalamu ʻaoʻao ʻekolu. ʻAʻole māʻona hou nā mea kūʻai aku me nā hoʻolālā kuhikuhi maʻalahi akā koi i kahi hoʻonohonoho piha o nā hoʻonā noi. ʻOi loa kēia ma mua o nā hiki o nā mea hana IC ponoʻī. Pono lākou e hana pū me nā ʻoihana hoʻolālā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu e hoʻokō i nā pono o nā mea kūʻai aku, a pono hoʻi e kūʻai i nā polokalamu ʻaoʻao ʻekolu e hāʻawi iā ia i nā mea kūʻai aku no ka manuahi. He pipiʻi nō hoʻi ka lawelawe ma hope o ke kūʻai aku. Inā loaʻa nā pilikia i nā mea kūʻai aku ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka huahana, ʻaʻohe mea ke kumu, ʻo ka mea hana IC ka mea mua e hoʻokaʻaʻike ʻia. Ua manaʻo lākou hiki i ka hale hana mua ke lawelawe iā ia. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole kēia ka hihia. ʻOiai ua hoʻouna pinepine ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana (ma ka liʻiliʻi ua hoʻouna ʻia ka polokalamu hoʻāʻo), ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka nānā ʻana i ka hemahema o ka huahana. No ka mea, hoʻoholo pinepine ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka huahana hale hana inā he kūpono a kūpono ʻole paha, ʻaʻohe mea i ʻike i nā palena kikoʻī i kūpono ʻole. Inā he mau pilikia ʻōnaehana i pili, ʻaʻole loa e hiki i ka mea hana ke hoʻoponopono iā lākou, a e loaʻa nā lilo keu.

ʻOiai he nui ka hoʻopukapuka kālā no kēlā me kēia huahana IC mai ka hoʻomohala ʻana a hiki i ke komo hope ʻana i ka mākeke, ʻaʻohe mea, ke hoʻomau nei mākou e hoʻoikaika ʻo ke kumukūʻai o nā huahana monopoly mākeke wale nō e pili ana i ke "kumukūʻai", e like me: ka ʻaila, ka uila, ka wai piula wai, a pēlā aku. I kēlā me kēia manawa a lākou e "hoʻoponopono" ai i nā kumukūʻai, no ka mea, piʻi aʻe nā "kumukūʻai". ʻAʻohe pilina ma waena o nā kumukūʻai huahana i kūʻai piha ʻia a me nā kumukūʻai. Ua piʻi aʻe nā kumukūʻai mea, ua piʻi aʻe nā kumukūʻai ikehu, a ua piʻi aʻe nā kumukūʻai hana. Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai o nā kīwī, nā kamepiula, nā mīkini holoi a me nā pahu hau? ʻO ka hapa nui o nā huahana semiconductor (koe naʻe: nā kāleka halihali like ʻole, nā kāleka lapaʻau, a me nā kāleka like ʻole e pono ai no ke ola, ka hana, a me ka ʻoihana) he mau huahana i kūʻai piha ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ke kumukūʻai o nā huahana semiconductor ma o ka noʻonoʻo wale ʻana, ʻaʻole ma o kekahi piʻi ʻana. No hea mai ke kumukūʻai o IC? Hoʻoholo pinepine ʻia ke kumukūʻai o nā huahana maʻamau e ka mākeke; hoʻoholo pinepine ʻia ke kumukūʻai o nā huahana kūikawā e nā mea hoʻokūkū. No ka laʻana: Hāʻawi ʻia nā modula IGBT no nā mea hoʻoluʻu ea inverter e nā hui ʻelua, a he mau mea hoʻokūkū lākou. E kūlike nā kumukūʻai kūʻai aku o nā huahana me ka ʻōlelo a kekahi.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolohe, he nui nā hiʻohiʻona a puni. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i kēia! ʻO ka pahuhopu hope loa o ke kūkākūkā ʻana i nā kumukūʻai a me nā kumukūʻai, ʻo ia ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā kumukūʻai. E ʻike i ke ala kūpono a hoʻomaka e ʻoki mālie. Manaʻo kekahi mau hoaaloha he maʻalahi ke kūkākūkā a ʻoki i ke kumukūʻai o nā huahana maʻamau. No ka mea he nui nā mea hoʻolako a me ka hoʻokūkū ikaika, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka loaʻa kālā no nā lawaiʻa. ʻO nā mea hoʻolako huahana kūikawā he hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻike malū kekahi i kekahi a ʻaʻohe pono e kūkākūkā i ke kumukūʻai! Eia naʻe, ʻo koʻu manaʻo ke kūʻē loa ia.

ʻO ka lilo ʻana i ʻākena loea o ka brand kaulana IC ka ʻimi ʻana o nā mea hana kūʻai aku IC he nui, e hoʻokumu ana i kahi kiʻi ʻoihana maikaʻi o ka hui (hana, kālā, a pēlā aku); e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka ʻoihana paʻa a me nā loaʻa kālā; e hoʻolimalima ana i nā elite kūʻai aku maikaʻi aʻe, a pēlā aku. ʻO nā pono e ʻōlelo no lākou iho. Pehea ʻoe e lilo ai i ʻākena i ka wā hikiwawe? ʻAʻole wau e hoʻohenehene nei. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole au i ʻike. ʻAʻohe aʻu pane i kēia nīnau. Inā wau i haʻi aku iā ʻoe, pono wau e wahaheʻe iā ʻoe, inā ʻaʻole wau...

Ma ka hale kūʻai puke ma ke kahua mokulele, hoʻokani pinepine ka TV demo i kahi loop o kekahi e haʻiʻōlelo ana ma ka hoʻokele ʻoihana a me ka hoʻokele. Ua hui pū ʻia ke kani a me ka manaʻo, a he mea hoʻopā loa ka hoʻolohe ʻana. Akā i koʻu kau ʻana i luna o ka mokulele a mālie a noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, me he mea lā ʻaʻole kēia ka hihia. Hoʻohana pinepine lākou iā lākou he mau haʻiʻōlelo, akā kākaʻikahi he poʻe kālepa. ʻO ke kumu he maʻalahi ia. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻaʻohe manawa kaʻawale o nā mea kālepa. ʻO ka lua, ʻaʻohe manawa o nā mea kālepa e loaʻa ai ke kālā. Pehea lā e loaʻa ai iā lākou ka manawa e noʻonoʻo ai e pili ana i ka loaʻa kālā? ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia kekahi mau mea kālepa e paʻi puke a hāʻawi i nā haʻiʻōlelo. Eia naʻe, ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei ʻoe i kā lākou mau moʻolelo holomua a me nā ʻike? ʻAʻole au i manaʻoʻiʻo i kēlā me kēia manawa! I kēia manawa, ua hālāwai au me ka mea hoʻokele o kahi hale hana ʻEulopa mua a kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka mākeke Kina. ʻO kona mau manaʻo, ka ʻike, a me nā koi e hoʻoikaika iā mākou. He hui ʻenehana leo ʻEulopa i hoʻokumu maikaʻi ʻia kēia ʻaʻole wale i laikini i nā ʻenehana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia akā hana pū i nā IC. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia no ka hoʻokaʻawale alapine (frequency), ka hoʻoili ʻana, ka hoʻonui ʻana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka pre-audio, a hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā microphone, nā mea hoʻohuihui, a me nā preamplifier. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke kāohi hou i ka mākeke nui o Kina. Ua hoʻohana mua lākou i kahi ʻelele ma waho e hoʻolaha a kūʻai aku ma ka ʻāina nui, akā ua ʻike lākou ua ʻoi aku ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe ma mua o ko lākou hiki, a ua maopopo mālie iā lākou: Aia kekahi poʻe e ʻōlelo ana i ka ʻōlelo Kina a hiki ke hana i nā mea Kina. ʻO nā Kina ma waho, Taiwanese, Hong Kongers, Mainlanders, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, he mau ʻano hana ponoʻī ko lākou a pau, a pono e pili pono nā poʻe o Mainlanders i nā mea kūʻai aku ma ka ʻāina nui.

ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻomaka lākou e noʻonoʻo e ʻimi i nā ʻelele "ʻoihana" ma ka ʻāina nui o Kina. He aha kā lākou mau kūlana makapō? ʻAʻole hiki i ka ʻelele ke nui loa. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, he ʻoihana loa kēia IC a ua kaupalena ʻia ka mākeke noi. ʻAʻole hiki i kahi ʻelele nui loa ke mālama i kahi ʻoihana liʻiliʻi. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hiki ke liʻiliʻi loa. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, pono mau kekahi mau limahana a me ka palekana kālā. . I waena o lākou, ʻo ka mea ʻaʻole e paheʻe aku ʻo ia ka mea maikaʻi loa. I kēia manawa, pono mākou e hana ma kēia kahua noi a loaʻa ke kākoʻo noi ʻoihana. Inā hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomohala a hoʻomohala pū paha i nā noi, ʻo ia ka hau ma luna o ka keke. Ua maopopo loa ko lākou kumu, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma o nā hoa hana, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaopopo koke i ka mākeke: He aha ka hiki o kēia ʻoihana? ʻO wai nā mea hana nui (nā mea hoʻolako, nā mea kūʻai aku)? He aha ka manaʻo nui o ka mea kūʻai aku, ka maikaʻi, ke kumukūʻai, ka lawelawe loea? ʻO wai ka hopena maʻalahi loa e komo, a pehea e hoʻonui ai ma hope o ke komo ʻana? Hiki ke loaʻa nā kahawai kūʻai aku ma ka pūnaewele e kōkua koke i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mākeke no ka huahana?

He maʻalahi ke kūlana a ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe, akā ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī maoli ma mua o kā lākou mau manaʻolana. Nui nā ʻōlelo paipai ponoʻī, akā he kakaikahi loa kēlā mau ʻelele a me nā mea kūʻai aku "ʻoihana". Pono e loaʻa, akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa iā lākou. Ma hope o kekahi mau hoʻololi ʻana, me he mea lā ua loaʻa iaʻu kekahi mau ʻike. ʻae! ʻEhia o kā mākou mau hoaaloha e makemake ʻole e wehe i kā lākou mau ʻoihana ponoʻī ma ke ʻano he "hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau Kina" nona nā mea āpau a lākou e pono ai a hiki ke lawe i nā kauoha, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "one-stop" service. Ke makaʻu nei au inā ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke lawelawe i nā mea kūʻai aku a pau, e ʻimi au i nā mea kūʻai aku ʻē aʻe, a i ka hopena, ʻo ka mea hiki iaʻu ke hana e lawe ʻia aku e nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. A i ʻole hopohopo lākou e manaʻo nā mea kūʻai aku ʻaʻohe o lākou mau lako kākoʻo a me nā hiki nāwaliwali, a ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā kauoha nui i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Ma kēia ʻano, ke hele nei au a mamao aku mai ka "ʻoihana". E kūʻai kekahi mau hoaaloha i kahi laina huahana a hiki iā lākou. Inā hiki i ka huahana ke lilo i ʻelele, e hoʻokō wau i nā kūlana āpau. Ke kamaʻilio nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua, nīnau pinepine lākou i ka nui o kaʻu kūʻai aku, ka nui o nā kiko kūʻai aku, ka nui o nā laina huahana, ka nui o nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā ʻenekinia. He aha kaʻu wahi kūʻai maikaʻi loa? E noʻonoʻo i ka manaʻo o nā malihini, he mea maoli loa ia. ʻAʻole makemake ʻo ia e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kahi ʻākena nona iho. Pono maoli ʻo ia i kahi hoa hana i hoʻokō i nā holomua ma kēia mākeke kikoʻī a ʻoluʻolu me ia, a hiki ke kōkua iā ia e hōʻea pololei i nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā mākeke i ka wikiwiki. Hana wau i nā huahana a loaʻa iā ʻoe nā kahawai, ʻo ia ka lanakila-lanakila a lākou e kamaʻilio mau nei.

Aia kahi hakahaka ma waena o nā manaʻo o nā malihini a me ko mākou kūlana o kēia manawa. ʻAʻole he mea kupanaha ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa ka mea a mākou e makemake ai a ʻaʻole hiki ke hana i ka mea a mākou e makemake ai e hana. Ma ke ʻano kūpono, ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻo ia ua hālāwai ʻo ia me kahi hoaaloha mai kahi mea hana IC kiʻekiʻe i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki, a ua kamaʻilio pū ʻo ia e pili ana i nā ʻelele. ʻO kā lākou kūʻai aku e hilinaʻi nui ana i kekahi mau ʻelele super. Akā, ʻoi aku ko lākou nānā i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā huahana hou a me nā kahua hou, ʻaʻole maopopo ia he makemake o kēlā mau ʻelele super. ʻAʻole e haʻi aku iā ia iho, ʻoiai ko lākou keʻena nui o ka hale hana mua i paʻakikī ke koi aku i kēia mau ʻelele super e hana pū i kekahi ʻano. Ua maʻa mau kēia mau ʻelele i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā huahana kumu a me nā mea kūʻai aku nui, a laila hilinaʻi i kā lākou kālā nui e hana i nā kūʻai aku. Akā pehea ka maʻalahi o ka hilinaʻi wale ʻana i nā kūʻai aku a me FAE o ka hale hana mua? Ua noʻonoʻo pū lākou e ʻimi i ka laulima me kekahi mau hui hoʻolālā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu a me nā hui kūʻai aku ma kahi kahua. E hoʻomaka ma ke kuhikuhi ʻana i nā lako ma o nā ʻelele, a ma hope e manaʻolana e kū i waho a lilo i kā lākou mau ʻelele. ʻAʻole mākou i hoʻokaʻaʻike kekahi i kekahi no ka manawa lōʻihi. Pono lākou e hana i nā mea a pau a lākou e makemake ai e hana, ʻeā? ʻAe, me he mea lā he kakaikahi ka poʻe e mālama maoli a koi aku i ka "ʻoihana", ʻoiai he nui ka poʻe i waena o lākou e hoʻohanohano pinepine iā lākou iho he "ʻoihana".

10. E lilo i ʻākena! I ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka manawa kūpono o nā aloha Kalikimaka a me ka Makahiki Hou, ua kamaʻilio mai ke luna mua o ka hale hana Pre-audio IC aʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma luna e pili ana i kāna ʻimi ʻana i kahi ʻākena ma ka ʻāina nui i ʻelua lā i hala. "Ua lōʻihi loa, ua manaʻo wau ua pau!" ʻOi aku kēia ma mua o koʻu manaʻo. Hiki iaʻu ke ʻae wale me ka maʻalahi: "ʻAe, e nānā pono wau iā ia no ʻoe, a e paipai wau i kahi mea maikaʻi iā ʻoe." ʻAʻole lawa koʻu pae Pelekania e hoʻomaopopo piha i kona huikau. Me he mea lā iaʻu ua hūnā loa kā mākou poʻe hana hoʻolaha IC a ʻaʻole lawa ka hilinaʻi iā lākou iho a i ʻole he mau mea huna ʻē aʻe? Ua alakaʻi koʻu hoihoi iaʻu e kuhi i kēia mau mea hana hoʻolaha IC. Malia paha ua hoʻonui kēia hoʻokūkū wikiwiki i ka hopohopo o ka poʻe he nui e pili ana i ka loaʻa kālā wikiwiki a me ka noho mamao ʻana mai ka ʻoihana lōʻihi. He mea kupanaha ka manaʻolana, akā pono wau e hōʻoia e hiki iaʻu ke ola a hiki i ka lā e hoʻokō ʻia ai ka manaʻolana! Pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia nā pilikia maoli, no laila pinepine mākou e paʻahana me ka ʻoihana paʻahana i kēlā me kēia lā. Ua kahaha mau wau i ka nui o koʻu mau hoaaloha e hoʻolilo ana i ko lākou lā holoʻokoʻa e nīnau ana i kahi e loaʻa ai nā ala kūʻai haʻahaʻa, a i ʻole e noʻonoʻo ana i ka hale hana mua a i ʻole nā ​​kūʻai aku a nā ʻelele hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa. ʻAʻole i ana pinepine ʻia ka loaʻa kālā o kēlā mau ʻoihana ma ka pakeneka akā ma nā keneta a i ʻole nā ​​keneta. Akā ua paʻahana loa lākou a hauʻoli iā lākou iho.

I kekahi manawa ma hope o ka ʻaina ahiahi, kanikau lākou no ka paʻakikī o ka ʻoihana a pono lākou e hana hapa manawa no ka hale hana mua, nā ʻelele, nā ʻelele, a me nā mea kūʻai. I kēlā me kēia manawa, nīnau au i kahi o nā kahawai maikaʻi a me nā ala e loaʻa ai ke kālā nui a hana i nā ʻoihana nui. Hilahila wau e kūkākūkā i kēia mau pilikia no ka mea ʻaʻole au i loaʻa kālā nui, a ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻohe hopena maikaʻi. Hiki iaʻu ke kamaʻilio wale e pili ana i ia mea me ka makehewa. Eia naʻe, inā wau e kamaʻilio e pili ana i koʻu mau manaʻo ma kahi pilikino, makemake wau i nā ʻoihana e hoʻopau manawa a me ka hana nui. ʻAʻole ia he mea i hānau ʻia au e hana ikaika a loaʻa ka wiwo ʻole e kū i nā pilikia, akā manaʻo wau he ʻoi aku ka waiwai o ia mau ʻoihana i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana. Hoʻomaka pinepine kahi ʻoihana maʻalahi me ke kūʻai ʻana, inā ʻoe e hoʻolilo i ka ikehu a me nā kumuwaiwai waiwai e loaʻa ai kahi kauoha. Hoʻomaka pinepine ka ʻoihana maʻalahi me ke kumukūʻai a me ka manawa bila. E ho'āʻo e ʻimi i nā ala e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i kāu kumukūʻai ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe, a hiki ke lōʻihi ka manawa bila ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki ke ana ʻia ka loaʻa kālā o ia ʻoihana ma nā keneta a me nā keneta. I ka hopena, e lilo ia i mea ʻole a ala aʻe paha i ka lā aʻe e ʻike ua hao hou ʻia e kekahi poʻe. E like me ka ʻōlelo, hele mai lākou me ka wikiwiki a hele aku me ka wikiwiki. ʻOiai hiki ke kāʻili maʻalahi ʻia ka ʻoihana mai haʻi aku, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha e kāʻili wale aku kekahi i loko o kekahi mau minuke. ʻAʻole ia he haʻahaʻa-kalapona, ʻaʻole mālama i ka ikehu, ʻaʻole pili i ke kaiapuni, a ʻaʻohe ona hiʻohiʻona ʻepekema no ka hoʻomohala ʻana.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, e nānā i nā ʻoihana e loaʻa ana nā pilikia a me nā pilikia. Hoʻomaka ia me Souring, hoʻouna i nā laʻana, hana ʻana i nā prototypes, a ʻo ka hope loa ʻo Total Solution. ʻAʻole wale ia e kōkua i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lako paʻa, kōkua pū ia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā polokalamu. I kekahi manawa pono mākou e kōkua i nā mea kūʻai aku e hoʻolālā i nā "kiko kūʻai aku" o kā lākou huahana. No ka mea, ua ʻōlelo ka mea kūʻai aku ua kamaʻāina loa ʻoe i ka hana o kāu huahana, a ʻike maikaʻi ʻoe pehea e hōʻike ai i kēia mau hana maikaʻi i kā mākou mea kūʻai aku. I kekahi manawa e huhū wau, "He aha kaʻu i lilo ai? Me ka ʻole oʻu, he aha kāu e pono ai i nā keʻena R&D a me ke kūʻai aku e hana? Ke hoʻomalu nei ʻoe a puni ka lā a pau. ʻAʻole pololei kēia, ʻaʻole maikaʻi kēlā." ʻO ia wale nō: "He kuleana nui mai ka lani mai." E nā kānaka Yusi,..." ʻAʻole maopopo hoʻi nā hopena o ia mau hana. Ke loaʻa kahi hewa make i kekahi loulou o ka R&D, ka hana ʻana, a me ke kūʻai aku, e nalowale nā ​​hana a pau ma mua. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ka hiki ke hana i kēia. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, he hoʻopukapuka kālā nui ia no nā mea kūʻai aku e hoʻomohala i kahi huahana hou a hoʻokomo iā ia i ka mākeke, a ʻaʻole lākou e wikiwiki i loko me ka noʻonoʻo pono ʻole. ʻO ka hopena ʻino loa, ʻike ka mea kūʻai aku ʻaʻole hiki i ka huahana hope loa ke hoʻokō i nā manaʻolana a pono e haʻalele ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana i ka mākeke. Akā, ʻo nā kauoha i hoʻopau ʻia i loko o kēia pōʻaiapuni hiki ke kōkua ma ka liʻiliʻi e hoʻopaʻa i ke kaula, a maʻamau aia nō ke kaulike. ʻOiaʻiʻo, inā maikaʻi ka manaʻo o ka mākeke, e ʻike ponoʻī ʻia nā loaʻa. ʻAʻole wale kēia ʻano ʻohiʻohi he paʻa a lōʻihi hoʻi, akā paʻakikī hoʻi ke kāʻili ʻia e kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe.

Inā makemake kekahi poʻe e hopu i kēia ʻoihana, ʻoiaʻiʻo, pono lākou e hana i ka mea like. A i ʻole, pehea lā lākou e hoʻokūkū ai e hopu i ia ʻoihana? Pono ʻo ia e hiki ke hāpai i ia "kuleana nui". No ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e "ʻohi i nā pīkī" ma ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kanaka a i ʻole 1 a 2 paha mau kānaka, ʻaʻole ia he mea maʻalahi. ʻO ke kūʻai ʻana, R&D, ka mana maikaʻi, ke kūʻai ʻana, ke kūʻai aku ʻana, ke alakaʻi ʻana, makemake ʻoe e hoʻāʻo i kēia mau ʻano āpau? Eia kekahi, inā e hoʻolei ʻia kēlā mea hoʻolako, ʻo wai ka mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana e hana maikaʻi ka mea hou? He kakaikahi nā mea kūʻai aku e mākaukau e hoʻāʻo i ia ʻano piliwaiwai. ʻAʻole e haʻi i nā manaʻo i hele mai ma ke ala. He aha ke ʻano o ka ʻelele āu e makemake ai?