Kulungile yini ukuthi ingane eneminyaka emithathu ubudala iphuze ngebhodlela?

Kungani kufanele uqondise ingane kusukela ebhodleleni iye enkomishini?

Ukufunda ukuphuza enkomishini kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuyeka ibhodlela. Uma ingane isebenzisa ibhodlela isikhathi eside, kulula kakhulu ukumelana nokushiya ibhodlela. Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwe- Amabhodlela Ezingane kungase kulethe uchungechunge lwezinkinga.

Okokuqala impilo yamazinyo.
Ubisi kanye namajusi ezithelo, acebile ngoshukela wemvelo, angama-carbohydrate abilayo angagaywa amabhaktheriya omlomo abe ama-asidi, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwe-enamel kanye nokubola kwamazinyo ekugcineni. Izingane zazivame ukulala nebhodlela futhi ziphuze zonke iziphuzo ngebhodlela, okuzovumela amazinyo amancane ukuthi angene "angakwazi ukuzikhipha", kanti amabhaktheriya omlomo ayakujabulela ukuba yidimoni, okwandisa ingozi yokubola kwamazinyo.

Kukhona futhi ingozi yokuba namazinyo agobile. Ucwaningo lwango-2015 eBeijing luhlole izici ze-lacusal zezingane ezingu-734 ezineminyaka engu-3-6 ubudala futhi lwathola ukuthi izingane ezinceliswe ibhodlela isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezingu-18 zazinengozi ephezulu ngokuphindwe ka-1.43-1.45 yokuba nezinkinga ze-occlusal kanye nokungahambisani kahle kwamazinyo [1]. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukubola kwamazinyo amancane, amazinyo amancane amnyama, noma amazinyo angajwayelekile, kungaba nomthelela omncane ezingeni lokubukeka kwengane.

Inkinga yesibili ukubambezeleka kokukhuluma. Ukumunca isikhathi eside ngebhodlela akusizi ekukhuleni kwengane ekugwinyeni okuvuthiwe, futhi ukuguquguquka kolimi kanye nekhono lokunyakaza komlomo akwanele ukuvivinya umzimba, okungase kungabi usizo ekuthuthukisweni kwekhono lokukhuluma lengane. Nakuba izingane zifunda ukukhuluma kahle ngokushesha noma kamuva, abazali bakhathazeka ngokungenakugwenywa.

Kukhona futhi nomthelela ekudleni okunomsoco. Izingane zivame ukusebenzisa ibhodlela ukumunca ubisi nejusi emini, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi azilambile futhi azifuni ukudla ngesikhathi sakusihlwa, okulula ukubangela ukukhathazeka phakathi kwabazali; Futhi uma ingane ingadla ngendlela evamile, khona-ke isebenzisa ibhodlela ukudla ngaphandle kokudla kuba ukudla okwengeziwe kwamakhalori ajwayelekile, okungaholela ekukhuluphaleni ezinganeni ezincane.

Okokugcina, kungase kube nezinye izinkinga okufanele uzikhathaze ngazo, njengengozi ephezulu ye-otitis media ngenkathi ulele ebhodleleni (ngokungafani nokuncelisa), ukuthuthukisa umkhuba wokulala ubisi, njll.

Ngokuvamile, ukuqondisa izingane kusukela ebhodleleni ukuya enkomishini akukhona nje ngenhloso yokuvumela izingane zifunde ikhono, kodwa futhi kuhilela ezinye izinto eziwusizo kanye neziphathelene nempilo.

Ingane ingakufunda nini ukusebenzisa indebe?

I-Centers for Disease Control incoma ukuthi izingane ziqale ukufunda ukusebenzisa indebe evulekile ezinyangeni ezingu-9 ubudala futhi zingabamba indebe ngezandla ezimbili lapho zineminyaka engu-1.
Uhlelo olusha lwe-"Child Development Milestones" olukhishwe yi-American Academy of Pediatrics ngo-2022 luphinde luveze ukuthi izingane zingaphuza amanzi endebeni evulekile oyibambayo lapho zineminyaka engaba ngu-1 ubudala, futhi zingaphuza amanzi endebeni evulekile zodwa (ngezinye izikhathi angachitheka) lapho zineminyaka engu-1 nengxenye ubudala.
Ngokusho kwe-American Academy of Pediatrics, kunempilo kakhulu ukuthi izingane ziphuze enkomishini evulekile ezineminyaka engaba ngu-2 ubudala.

Izingane ezahlukene zifunda ukusebenzisa izinkomishi ekuqaleni nakamuva, kodwa iningi lineminyaka eyodwa noma emibili. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ingane ingashintshela kancane kancane ekusebenziseni izinkomishi lapho inezinyanga eziyisithupha, futhi akukhona ukuthi ingane ingafunda ukusebenzisa inkomishi evulekile ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha (vele, uma ukushintsha okuqondile nakho kuhle), iningi lezingane lidinga inqubo kancane kancane ukuze lishintshele enkomishini evulekile.

Yilapho-ke i-sippy cup, i-sippy cup, kanye ne-sippy cup zingafakwa khona.

Ngokusho kwe-American Academy of Pediatrics, qala ukunikeza ingane yakho inkomishi ngokushesha nje lapho iqala ukudla ukudla okuqinile (ngokuvamile eneminyaka engaba yizinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala), usebenzisa inkomishi yokuphuzela noma inkomishi yokuphuzela njengokushintsha phakathi kwebhodlela nenkomishi evulekile. Ngokombono wobunzima bokusebenzisa inkomishi, ngokuvamile inkomishi yokuphuzela

Inkomishi yeDuckmouth: umlomo othambile futhi oyisicaba wokumunca, isimiso sokumunca kanye nebhodlela kufana, kulula ukuzivumelanisa kodwa awukwazi ukusebenzisa kangcono ikhono lokunyakaza ngomlomo.
Inkomishi yokuthosa: Umlomo omncane wokumunca, izindebe zokuzivocavoca, izihlathi kanye namaqembu emisipha ahlobene nolimi, izingane zingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokwethulwa ngesikhathi kwezinkomishi zokuthosa noma izinkomishi ezivulekile.
Inkomishi yokuphuza: Izingane zingaphuza eceleni komphetho wenkomishi, futhi akulula ukuchitheka lapho ziphuza ngenxa yomklamo ovikela ukuvuza ofana nesivalo.

Abazali bangakhetha uhlobo lwendebe yokushintsha ngokuya ngesimo sengane, hhayi ngokuhlelekile, abanye abantwana bashintsha ngqo besuka ebhodleleni baye endebeni evulekile, kanti abanye ibhodlela lezingane ukushintsha indebe yokuphunga bese beshintsha indebe evulekile, kuyinto evamile; Asikho isidingo sokusho ukuthi ingane izosebenzisa isikhathi esingakanani uhlobo ngalunye lwendebe, vumela imvelo ithathe indlela yayo, izivumelanise nesiqalo esifanele ukuze izame uhlobo olulandelayo.

Kunoma ikuphi, umgomo omkhulu wengane ukufunda ukusebenzisa indebe evulekile, futhi ingafunda njalo, abazali akudingeki bakhathazeke kakhulu.

Ungaziqondisa kanjani izingane ukuthi zijwayele ukusebenzisa izinkomishi ngokushesha okukhulu?

Ingane ijwayele ukusebenzisa ibhodlela noma ubisi lwebele oluqondile, ngokuzumayo ithathelwe indawo yindebe engavamile, eqinile, ngeke ikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo noma ngisho nokumelana nayo. Nakuba kungekho lutho olungalungile ngokuthatha kancane, isiqondiso esifanele singasiza ekwenzeni ushintsho lube ngokwemvelo.

Isimiso "sesikhathi" singalandelwa lapha:

T, "ukuguquka kancane kancane."
Ungabi nezingane ezilindelekile "namuhla ngebhodlela, kusasa ungasebenzisa indebe", lokho akunangqondo, futhi ingane ngayinye inejubane layo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo; Ungaqhathanisi nezingane zabanye abantu, akunamsebenzi, futhi ukukhathazeka okwembulwa ngengozi kuzokwenza ingane ibe nexhala kakhulu.

"Mina", "ngiyaxhumana", "ngiyaxhumana".

Ungaphathi indebe njengethuluzi lokuphuza amanzi, kodwa vumela indebe ingene embonweni wengane "njengethoyizi", bese uvumela ingane idlale ngayo, ihlole indebe entsha, futhi "ixhumane" nayo. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunciphiseni ukumelana kwengane nendebe entsha futhi ingase izimisele ukuphuza kuyo kamuva.

Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezinkomishi kunikezwa kakhulu ngesikhathi sokudla. Uma ingane ibamba inkomishi ukuze iphuze ubisi usuku lonke, ingase iphuze kakhulu ngephutha futhi ishintshe inabukeni kaningi. Uma ingane yakho yomile, yiphuzise amanzi bese uyibeka eceleni, uyitshele ukuthi izoyisebenzisa inkomishi ngesikhathi sokudla kwakusihlwa.

"M", imodeli, yenza isibonelo esihle.
Izingane zizolingisa ngokwemvelo ezinye zezenzo zabazali bazo, abazali bangaqale babonise izingane zabo ukuthi zingaphuza kanjani amanzi ngenkomishi, bese befaka umlomo wenkomishi ukuze bancelise ingane, bazame ukuzivumela ukuthi zikulingise uphuze amanzi, ungavumela ingane ukuthi ibambe inkomishi ukuze ikuncelise amanzi. Nakuba amanzi ezogcwala kodwa ungasheshi, ingane izozinza kakhulu.

"E", okukhuthazayo, okukhuthazayo okwengeziwe.
Uma ingane yakho iphuza amanzi okokuqala ngempumelelo, ungakhohlwa ukuhalalisela impumelelo yayo. Le ndlela izokhuthaza ingane ukuthi iphuze kakhulu ngendebe, okwandisa kakhulu intshiseko yengane. Singabeka nendebe yengane eduze kwesitsha samanzi noma ikettle, sikhuthaze ingane ukuthi iphuze amanzi uma ifuna ukuphuza (kodwa qaphela ukuthi ungashisi amanzi ashisayo), ukuze kube namathuba amaningi okuncoma ingane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, singaphawula amaphuzu amancane:
1. Nikeza inkomishi yepulasitiki okulula ukuyibamba
2, izikhathi zokuqala ezimbalwa ingane ifunda ukusebenzisa indebe, abazali kufanele babambe indebe eceleni komhlahlandlela
3, ekuqaleni faka inani elincane loketshezi enkomishini ukuze unciphise ukuchichima, njengoba ingane iba nekhono, bese ukhulisa inani loketshezi
4. Zama ukugwema iziphuzo ezinoshukela owengeziwe, ikakhulukazi iziphuzo ezine-carbonated.

Ekupheleni

Ngezinye izikhathi ingane ifunde ukusebenzisa indebe, kodwa ngokuzumayo iyayithanda ibhodlela kwakusetshenziswa esikhathini esidlule. Izizathu kudingeka zibhekwe, futhi zingase zihlobane nezinguquko ezithile empilweni muva nje, njengengane egulayo noma engazizwa kahle, ukuzalwa komfowabo omncane, njalo njalo. Lokhu kujwayelekile, futhi ngokuvamile kungokwesikhashana, ungakhathazeki, linda nje ingane yakho ivumelane.

Futhi ngezinye izikhathi, ingane ivame ukusho ukuthi ungayithathi kanjani indebe, akunandaba, beka indebe okwesikhashana, ngakho-ke ngosuku ingane efuna ukusebenzisa ngalo okwemvelo nayo izosebenzisa, uma ikhathazekile ngokubola kwamazinyo, ngangokunokwenzeka ukwenza ukuhlanza umlomo, kuyohlala kukhona indlela, ungakhathazeki kakhulu, ungabi nomuzwa wokuthi ngoba ingane ingayisebenzisi indebe kuyiphutha layo.

Ingane ngayinye inesivinini sayo sokukhula, yenza lokho esingakwenza, ingane izokhula kahle.
Ekugcineni, khetha iphethini enhle yendebe yamanzi ebukeka kahle, kusiza izingane ukuthi zithande ukusetshenziswa kwezinkomishi.