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Umukozi ushinzwe amasoko 101: Ni bande? Bakora bate? Batanga amafaranga bate?
2023-12-27
Muri iki gihe, Umukozi ushinzwe amasokos/amasosiyete agira uruhare runini mu gucunga imiyoboro mpuzamahanga y’ibicuruzwa. Ariko, ubucuruzi buto bwinshi buracyari mu rujijo ku bijyanye n’abashinzwe gushaka amasoko, cyane cyane ko hari amakuru adasobanutse neza kandi ashaje kuri interineti abayobya. Kubwibyo, nakemuye ibibazo 8 by’abaguzi bihangayikishije cyane kandi biteye urujijo ku bijyanye n’ikigo gishinzwe gushaka amasoko kandi mbahaye ibisubizo bifatika.
1. Umukozi ushinzwe gushaka ibicuruzwa cyangwa se Ikigo gishinzwe amasokoBakora iki?
Umukozi ushinzwe gushaka ibicuruzwa ni umuntu cyangwa ikigo gihagarariye umuguzi kugira ngo agure ibicuruzwa, agure ibicuruzwa biri kure y'umuguzi. Abahagarariye/amasosiyete ashinzwe gushaka ibicuruzwa akenshi barakenewe mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga.
Mu buryo busanzwe bw'iryo jambo, umukozi ushinzwe gushaka ibicuruzwa agomba gusa gushaka abaguzi b'umukiriya we. Mu by'ukuri, serivisi zitangwa n'abashinzwe gushaka ibicuruzwa zishobora kuba zirimo guhitamo umucuruzi ukwiye, kuganira ku biciro, gukurikirana umusaruro, kugenzura ubuziranenge, kubahiriza no gupima ibicuruzwa, kohereza ibicuruzwa no kubijyana mu buryo buboneye.
2. Igereranya ry'umukozi ushinzwe amasoko VS ikigo gishinzwe amasoko
Ku isoko mpuzamahanga, abantu bakunze gufata aya magambo abiri nk'igisobanuro kimwe. Urugero, niba ushaka umuntu ugushakira isoko, ushobora kuvuga uti - Nkeneye "umukozi ushinzwe gushakisha" cyangwa "ikigo gishakisha isoko", ntacyo bitwaye. Ariko mu by'ukuri, ibi ni ibitekerezo bibiri bitandukanye.
1) Umukozi ushinzwe gushakisha
Uburyo bumwe bwo guha akazi umukozi utanga isoko ni ukubaha akazi ku giti cye, kandi bashobora kugukorera igihe cyose. Ubusanzwe, uyu mukozi wenyine utanga isoko akorera mu rugo cyangwa mu biro bito bifite umukozi umwe cyangwa babiri gusa.
Bamwe muri bo bashobora kuba barakoreye ibigo by’ubucuruzi cyangwa ibigo bicuruza ibicuruzwa mu gihe cy’imyaka myinshi. Aba bakozi bigenga bacuruza ibicuruzwa bashobora kuba bari ku masoko menshi yigenga (nka Upwork, Fiverr, n’andi), ndetse bamwe muri bo bashobora kuba bafite urubuga rwabo rwa Google.
2) Isosiyete ikora amasoko
Irindi zina ry’ikigo gitanga amasoko ni ikigo gitanga amasoko. Biroroshye kumva: ikigo gitanga amasoko gifashwa n’itsinda ry’abahagarariye amasoko bafite ubumenyi n’amacumbi afite gahunda nziza nko gutwara ibicuruzwa, ububiko, na sisitemu zo kugenzura ubuziranenge. Bashobora gukorera abaguzi benshi icyarimwe no guhuza neza umutungo w’abatanga amasoko.
Ubucuruzi bwinshi butanga amasoko buboneka mu matsinda y'inganda. Urugero, Yiwu, Guangzhou, na Shenzhen niho hatuye abahagarariye amasoko n'ibigo byinshi by'Ubushinwa.
Muri make, abashinzwe gushaka isoko n'ibigo bitanga isoko bakora nk'abahuza hagati y'abaguzi n'abatanga isoko; guhitamo abo bakoresha biterwa n'ibyo ukunda.
3. Ni nde ukeneye umukozi ushinzwe gushaka isoko/ ikigo?
1) Abantu badafite uburambe mu gutumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga
Gutumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bikubiyemo ibintu byinshi bigoye, nko gushaka ababitanga neza, gukurikirana umusaruro, gupima ibicuruzwa no kugenzura ubuziranenge, no guhangana n'ubwikorezi, n'ibindi.
Niba udafite uburambe mu kugura ibintu mu mahanga, ushobora gushaka umukozi ushinzwe gushaka ibicuruzwa/ikigo kugira ngo agufashe gutangira urugendo rwawe rwa mbere rwo gutumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga.
2) Abantu bafite ibyiciro byinshi by'ibicuruzwa bagomba gukorana na byo
Guhitamo abatanga ibicuruzwa 2 bizerwa ku gicuruzwa kimwe bishobora kugusaba kuvugana n'abatanga ibicuruzwa barenga 10. Tuvuge ko ushaka ibicuruzwa 10, ugomba kuvugana n'abatanga ibicuruzwa byibuze 100 ukabyemeza. Muri iki gihe, umukozi ushinzwe gushaka ibicuruzwa/ikigo ntashobora gukora akazi katoroshye gusa, ahubwo ashobora no guhuza ibicuruzwa byose ukeneye.
3) Abacuruzi banini, amaduka manini
Ese bivuga ko umucuruzi munini utumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ufite amafaranga menshi n'uburambe bwinshi adakeneye umuhuza mu gushaka ibicuruzwa? Oya rwose! Ibigo binini na byo birabikeneye kugira ngo bicunge neza urusobe rw'ibicuruzwa byabo.
Dufate urugero rw'amaduka manini y'ubucuruzi, bazakenera kugura ibyiciro ibihumbi by'ibicuruzwa. Biragoye cyane ko bajya muri buri ruganda bakagura buri gicuruzwa bonyine.
Ibigo bikomeye by’ubucuruzi nka Walmart na Target byose bigurwa n’abahagarariye ibicuruzwa cyangwa amasosiyete y’ubucuruzi.
4) Abantu bakora mu byiciro byihariye by'ibicuruzwa
Uretse Ibikenewe buri munsiHari ibyiciro byihariye by'ibicuruzwa nk'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, ubutabire, ubuganga n'ibindi. Dufate urugero rw'inganda z'ubutabire n'ubuvuzi zo mu Bushinwa, biragoye kubona ababigurisha haba mu imurikagurisha cyangwa kuri interineti. Bityo rero ugomba kwizeza ikigo gitanga amasoko cyangwa ikigo cy'ubucuruzi cyihariye muri urwo rwego kugira ngo kigufashe mu bucuruzi bwawe.
Ibyiza bitatu byo gushakira amasoko abakozi/ibigo
Umukozi wizewe mu gushakisha ibicuruzwa/ikigo agira uruhare runini mu kugura ibicuruzwa mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga.
a. Bashobora kubona abatanga serivisi batanga igiciro cyiza kandi bafite ubuziranenge. Umukozi mwiza wo gushakisha ibicuruzwa ashobora kugufasha kubona abakora ibicuruzwa babishoboye kandi bizewe. Kubera ko umukozi mwiza/ikigo cyamaze kwegeranya ibikoresho byinshi by’inganda zujuje ibisabwa ushobora kutabona kuri interineti.
b. Bashobora kunoza imikorere myiza yo gushakisha. Umukozi wo mu gace ukoreramo/ikigo gishobora kugufasha gutsinda inzitizi z'umuco n'indimi. Azi neza icyo ushaka, kandi akaganira n'abatanga serivisi ku bisobanuro birambuye by'ibicuruzwa, hanyuma akakugezaho ubutumwa mu Cyongereza cyiza, bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cy'itumanaho.
c. Gabanya ibyago byo gutumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga. Umukozi mwiza ushinzwe gushakisha ibicuruzwa/ikigo agomba kuba afite uburambe mu gukora ibijyanye no gutunganya ibicuruzwa, kugenzura ubuziranenge, kwemeza ko bikurikije amategeko, amategeko agenga inzira yo gutumiza no kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, ndetse no kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga.
4. Ni izihe serivisi abashinzwe gushaka amasoko batanga cyane cyane?
Amafaranga y'ibiciro byo gushakisha atandukana bitewe n'aho umukozi akorera. Bityo rero, menya neza ko wasobanuye neza aho serivisi zigomba gutangwa n'amafaranga mbere yo gutangira ubufatanye, mu gihe habayeho amakimbirane. Niyo mpamvu nganira ku gice kimwe kugira ngo menyeshe serivisi zo gushakisha umukozi/serivisi z'ikigo.
Serivisi z'ingenzi abashinzwe amasoko benshi batanga ni izi zikurikira:
1) Abatanga ibicuruzwa bashaka isoko
Ni serivisi y'ibanze ya buri mukozi utanga isoko kugenzura no guhitamo umutanga serivisi yujuje ibisabwa n'abakiriya be. Kandi bazumvikana n'umutanga serivisi mu izina ry'umuguzi kugira ngo babone igiciro cyiza kandi bemeze amakuru arambuye ku musaruro.
Ariko, bamwe mu baguzi bashobora kuba bishora mu kibazo cyo kumenya niba umukozi ushinzwe gucuruza cyangwa ikigo agomba guha amakuru umutanga. Hari n'abatekereza ko umutanga serivisi aba arimo kubashuka cyangwa akinjiza amafaranga atari yo mu buryo bufatika kuko atabahaye amakuru umutanga serivisi.
Reka ngusobanurire hano, niba amakuru y'umutanga serivisi ahabwa umuguzi biterwa na serivisi y'umukozi ushinzwe gutanga serivisi.
Umukozi uhagarariye inyungu ku giti cye
Bamwe mu bakozi bashinzwe gushaka amasoko ku giti cyabo bashobora kuboneka kuri Fiverr cyangwa Upwork, bakunze guhembwa umushahara uhoraho (ku isaha/umunsi) cyangwa bagahabwa komisiyo ihoraho ku mushinga umwe. Ubu buryo bwo gukorana ni nko gushaka umufasha mu gushaka amasoko mu mahanga.
Mu by’ukuri, umuguzi yishyura umushahara kugira ngo abone amakuru y’umutanga ibicuruzwa, bityo ni inshingano ku mukozi guha umuyobozi we uburyo bwo kuvugana n’umutanga ibicuruzwa – umuguzi n’abaguzi ubwabo bazavugana n’abatanga ibicuruzwa kugira ngo bumvikane ku giciro.
Ikigo/ikigo gitanga amasoko
Niba ari ikigo/ikigo gitanga serivisi, ntibazaha amakuru y’umuguzi amakuru ako kanya. Impamvu ebyiri z’ingenzi ni izi zikurikira.
Ubwa mbere, aba batanga serivisi nziza ni umutungo wabo bakusanyije (harimo n'uwo utaboneka ku mbuga za interineti za B2B), niyo mpamvu ushobora kubona igiciro cyiza giturutse ku kigo gitanga serivisi.
Icya kabiri, bishyura amafaranga ya serivisi zabo ku kigero runaka cy'agaciro k'ibicuruzwa byose, ni ukuvuga ko iyi ari yo ngero y'inyungu zabo.
2) Gukurikirana umusaruro, kugenzura ubwiza, no gutegura kohereza
Iyo habonetse umucuruzi ukwiye, umusaruro w'ibicuruzwa ushobora gutangira. Umukozi ushinzwe kugura/ikigo azafasha guhuza ibikorwa kugira ngo uruganda rukore ku gihe kandi rukurikize amahame meza y'ubuziranenge. Batanga kandi serivisi zo kugenzura ubuziranenge, bakorana n'ibigo bigenzura ubuziranenge kugira ngo bagenzure ibicuruzwa byarangiye kandi bagabanye inenge mbere yo kohereza. Intambwe ya nyuma ni gahunda yo kohereza ibicuruzwa, bisaba ubuhanga mu gushyikirana ku biciro bishimishije no kubona inyandiko n'ibyemezo by'ibicuruzwa bikenewe kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bisohoke muri gasutamo. Izi serivisi zitangwa n'ibigo bishinzwe kugura kandi ushobora guhitamo ijyanye n'ibyo ukeneye.
3) Izindi serivisi
Uretse serivisi zisanzwe zavuzwe haruguru, amwe mu masosiyete manini acuruza ibicuruzwa by’umwuga atanga ibisubizo ku bicuruzwa byigenga, harimo ariko bitagarukira gusa kuri ibi bikurikira:
• Hindura ibicuruzwa uko bikwiye
• Hindura ibipfunyika/ibirango
•Amafoto y'ibicuruzwa ku buntu kuri eCommerce
Muri make, hari abashinzwe gushaka amasoko meza ndetse n'abatabi muri uru rwego. Ibi bituma abaguzi benshi batinya kugerageza serivisi yo gushaka amasoko. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa gushaka umuhuza w'amasoko wizeye kugira ngo bafatanye igihe kirekire kandi bagire uruhererekane ruhamye rw'ibicuruzwa.
5. Ni gute umukozi ushinzwe gushaka isoko cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe gushaka isoko yishyuza?
Ese uzi ko iki ari ikibazo gishimishije - ni gute umukozi ushinzwe gushaka isoko yishyuza? Nta gipimo ngenderwaho cy’ikiguzi gihari kuko hari ibihumbi by’ibigo bicuruza isoko n’abakozi ku giti cyabo ku isi. Amafaranga y’umukozi ushinzwe gushaka isoko aratandukanye cyane bitewe n’urwego rwa serivisi, uburyo bw’ubufatanye, icyiciro cy’ibicuruzwa, n’ingano y’ibyo watumije.
Abashinzwe kugura/amasosiyete menshi bakurura abakiriya bafite amafaranga make ya serivisi ndetse na serivisi y'ubuntu yo gutumiza ibicuruzwa, ariko umuguzi azasanga ikiguzi rusange cyo kugura (ikiguzi cy'ibicuruzwa + ikiguzi cyo kohereza + ikiguzi cy'igihe) atari gito na gato. Kandi umuguzi ashobora kwakira ibicuruzwa bitamushimishije ndetse n'umukozi avuga ko yakoze igenzura ry'ubuziranenge.
Kugira ngo ntange igitekerezo rusange ku bijyanye n'amafaranga yo gushakisha serivisi, nashyizeho uburyo bune busanzwe bwo kwishyuza abakozi bashinzwe gushakisha serivisi muri ubu buryo bukurikira.
1) Umushahara udahinduka kuri buri mushinga cyangwa igihe runaka
Abashinzwe gushaka ibicuruzwa benshi ku giti cyabo basaba umushahara uhoraho kuri buri gicuruzwa cyangwa igihe runaka (icyumweru/ukwezi). Akenshi bishyura munsi ya $50 kuri buri gicuruzwa. Birahendutse cyane, sibyo? Kandi ushobora kuvugana n'abagutanga ibicuruzwa byawe no kubaka umubano w'ubucuruzi mu buryo butaziguye. Ingorane ni uko aba batanga ibicuruzwa akenshi atari abanyamwuga, kandi abatanga ibicuruzwa basanga akenshi si bo bahendutse cyane.
Abaguzi bamwe b'inararibonye bakunda guha akazi umukozi uhagarariye isoko ry'ibintu ku giti cye mu gihe cy'ibyumweru cyangwa amezi, kugira ngo bakore akazi koroshye ko gushaka abatanga ibicuruzwa, guhindura no kuvugana n'abatanga ibicuruzwa. Niba ushaka gutumiza ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa, ushobora guha akazi umukozi uhagarariye isoko ry'ibintu mu Bushinwa ku gihe cyose agera ku madolari 800 ku kwezi kugira ngo agukorere wenyine.
2) Nta mafaranga y'inyongera ariko inyungu ni ukuva mu kinyuranyo cy'igiciro
Abashinzwe gushaka ibicuruzwa ku giti cyabo cyangwa amasosiyete acuruza ibicuruzwa bakoresha ubu buryo bwo kwishyura. Ubusanzwe muri iki gihe, umucuruzi w’ubucuruzi ashobora guha abatanga ibicuruzwa beza ibiciro byiza cyangwa ireme ry’ibicuruzwa, ibyo bikaba bidashoboka ko umuguzi abona aba batanga ibicuruzwa binyuze mu nzira zisanzwe, nka zimwe mu mbuga za interineti za B2B.
Ku rundi ruhande, iyo abaguzi babasha kubona ibiciro byabo byo guhatana bonyine, ntibazigera batekereza ku bakozi nk'abo bashinzwe gushaka ibicuruzwa.
3) Ijanisha ry'amafaranga ya serivisi ashingiye ku gaciro k'ibicuruzwa
Uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane ni uko abashinzwe kugura cyangwa amasosiyete yishyuza ijanisha ry'agaciro kose k'ibicuruzwa kuko batanga serivisi z'inyongera nko kugenzura umusaruro, kugenzura ubuziranenge, gutegura uburyo bwo kohereza no guhuza ibicuruzwa. Kubwibyo, bishyuza ijanisha runaka ry'agaciro k'ibicuruzwa nk'amafaranga ya serivisi. Mu Bushinwa, amafaranga asanzwe ya serivisi ni 5-10% by'agaciro kose k'ibicuruzwa. Byongeye kandi, amafaranga ya serivisi agirwaho ingaruka cyane n'icyiciro cy'ibicuruzwa n'ingano y'ibicuruzwa. Urugero, ku bicuruzwa bihiganwa cyane kandi bikunzwe nka icyuma, cyangwa niba amafaranga yatumijwe arenga 500.000 by'amadolari ya Amerika, amafaranga ya serivisi ashobora kuba hafi 3%, cyangwa ndetse no hasi. Amasosiyete agura muri rusange yanga kwakira amafaranga ya serivisi ari munsi ya 5% ku bicuruzwa bikoreshwa buri munsi. Nubwo amwe mu masosiyete acuruza ashobora gukurura abakiriya amafaranga ya serivisi ya 3% cyangwa munsi yayo, abakiriya akenshi basanga ibiciro by'ibicuruzwa biri hejuru cyane kurusha ibyo abatanga serivisi benshi kuri interineti, nka batanga Alibaba. Cyangwa, nubwo babonye icyitegererezo cyiza, bashobora guhabwa ibicuruzwa bifite ubuziranenge buke.
6. Ni ayahe mayeri umukozi ushinzwe gushaka ibicuruzwa nabi akora? Gusubiza inyuma, gutanga ruswa, n'ibindi.
Noneho, amaherezo ku gice buri wese YITWARAHO. Ushobora kuba warumvise byinshi ku ruhande rubi rw'umukozi ushinzwe gushaka ibicuruzwa/ikigo, nko kwakira inyungu cyangwa ruswa iturutse ku mucuruzi, bigatuma abaguzi batinya gukoresha umukozi ushinzwe gushaka ibicuruzwa. Noneho ngiye kugaragaza amayeri asanzwe y'umukozi ushinzwe gushaka ibicuruzwa muri ibi bikurikira.
Inkunga n'ibiturire biturutse ku batanga serivisi
Mbere na mbere, inyungu cyangwa ruswa biba ku bahagarariye isoko ku giti cyabo cyangwa ibigo bicuruza. Iyo umuguzi n'umukozi ushinzwe isoko/ikigo bemeranyije ku giciro cy'ibicuruzwa n'uburyo amakuru y'umucuruzi agaragara mu ntangiriro z'ubufatanye, umukozi akomeza gusaba umucuruzi inyungu, biba ibikorwa bitemewe n'amategeko/binyuranyije n'amahame mbwirizamuco.
Urugero, tuvuge ko ubu ubona ibiciro bibiri bingana bivuye ku mucuruzi A n'umucuruzi B, niba umucuruzi B atanga inyungu ku mucuruzi ucuruza ibicuruzwa, noneho umucuruzi ashobora guhitamo B uko ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa bivuye kuri B bwaba bwiza cyangwa butari bwiza. Niba umucuruzi wawe yemera inyungu, ushobora kugerwaho n'ibi bikurikira:
•Ibicuruzwa wakiriye ntibigomba kuzuza ibisabwa n’ubuziranenge bwawe, cyangwa ibicuruzwa bitubahirije ibisabwa mu gutanga icyemezo ku isoko ryawe bityo bikaba bitemewe gutumiza no kugurisha ibicuruzwa.
•Niba hari impaka ku ireme ry'ibicuruzwa, umukozi wawe ushinzwe gushaka ibicuruzwa ntabwo azagushyigikira cyangwa ngo agerageze kukurengera, ahubwo azashobora kukwamagana kubera impamvu zitandukanye.
Rero, umukozi mwiza ushinzwe gushaka ibicuruzwa/ikigo agira uruhare runini mu micungire y’uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa byawe. Uretse kugufasha kubona ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa bihangana, binatanga akazi ko gukurikirana ibikorwa, kuko serivisi nziza ari yo shingiro ry’ipiganwa ry’ubucuruzi bwabo. Ku bijyanye n’abakozi bamwe na bamwe bashobora gukora ubucuruzi bwa rimwe, sinshobora kwemeza ireme rya serivisi.
7. Aho wabona umukozi utanga amasoko ku bwoko butandukanye bw'ubucuruzi
Ushobora kumbaza uti, ni hehe nabona umuhuza w’abaguzi wizeye? Ntugire ikibazo, ndakwereka ahantu hatatu ho kubona umuhuza/ikigo gitanga amasoko.
1) Google
Gushakisha kuri Google ni cyo gitekerezo cya mbere abantu benshi batekereza iyo bahuye n'ibibazo. Mu by'ukuri, Google irafasha mu bihe byinshi, itanga amakuru y'ingirakamaro. Niba ushaka kubona umukozi ushinzwe gushaka amasoko mu gihugu kimwe, nko mu Bushinwa, ushobora kwandika gusa "Umukozi ushinzwe gushaka amasoko mu Bushinwa", hanyuma hazabaho urutonde rw'ibigo by'ubucuruzi byo mu Bushinwa mu bisubizo by'ishakisha.
Iyo urimo kureba imwe mu mbuga za interineti ziboneka, menya neza ibirimo, imyaka imaze ikora, amafoto y'ikigo, amakuru yo guhamagara, ingano y'ikipe, ibikorwa remezo, ibitekerezo by'abakiriya n'ubuhamya, blogs, nibindi. Ikipe y'inzobere ni yo yonyine izashora amafaranga n'ingufu bihagije kugira ngo inoze imbuga zayo kuri Google.
2) Upwork / Fiverr
Upwork na Fiverr ni imbuga za interineti zikorera ku giti cyabo aho ushobora kubona abashinzwe gushaka serivisi ku giti cyabo. Bamwe muri bo babikora nk'akazi k'igihe gito, bazagufasha kubona umutanga serivisi no kuguha raporo y'umutanga serivisi. Hanyuma uzakenera kuvugana n'umutanga serivisi no gukorana n'ibizamini byo gukurikirana serivisi zawe ubwawe.
Kubera ko uyu mukozi wo gushakisha ibicuruzwa ku giti cye ashobora kugaragara vuba, ashobora no kuzimira vuba. Bityo rero, ugomba kwitonda cyane ku bakozi bawe ku giti cyabo mu bijyanye no kwishyura amafaranga ya serivisi.
3) Imurikagurisha
Uretse gushaka abahuza bashakisha ibicuruzwa kuri interineti, ushobora no gusura amamurikagurisha. Urugero, niba ushaka gutumiza ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa no kubona umuhuza w’ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa, ushobora gusura imurikagurisha rya Canton, imurikagurisha rya Hong Kong, n’imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga rya Yiwu, n’ibindi.
Ariko gushaka ikigo gitanga amasoko mu imurikagurisha birakwiriye cyane ku bashoramari banini batumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, bashobora gukoresha miliyoni z'amadolari mu kugura buri mwaka kandi bakeneye gutumiza ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibicuruzwa amagana cyangwa ibihumbi.
Niba uri umuntu usanzwe ufite ingengo y'imari nto cyangwa iciriritse mu gutumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, ugura ibihumbi mirongo by'amadolari ku mwaka, abagurisha ibicuruzwa mu imurikagurisha bashobora kwanga ibyo watumije, cyangwa bakagushakira umukozi udafite ubuhanga mu byo kugura.
8. Inama z'ingirakamaro zo kubona umukozi wizewe wo gushakisha cyangwa ikigo gitanga amasoko
Inama ya 1: Hitamo umukozi wo gushakisha amasoko mu Bushinwa VS umukozi wo gushakisha amasoko ukorera mu bindi bihugu (Amerika, Ubwongereza, Ubuhinde, nibindi)
Kubera ko Ubushinwa ari cyo gihugu kinini cyohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, abashinzwe gucuruza ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa nibo benshi ku isi. Rero nzagabanya abashinzwe gucuruza ibicuruzwa mu bwoko bubiri, abashinzwe gucuruza ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa, n'abashinzwe gucuruza ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa batari ababo. Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yabo? Ni irihe wahitamo? Reka turebe ibyiza n'ibibi byabyo ukwabyo.
Ibyiza n'ibibi by'abakora mu bucuruzi bw'amasosiyete atari ay'Abashinwa
Abashinzwe gushakisha ibicuruzwa mu bindi bihugu bakora bate? Muri rusange, ni abaturage b'igihugu runaka kandi bafasha abaguzi bo mu gihugu cyabo kugura ibicuruzwa mu bindi bihugu byo muri Aziya cyangwa mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya, nko mu Bushinwa, muri Vietnam, mu Buhinde, muri Maleziya, n'ibindi.
Ubusanzwe bafite ibiro byabo bwite haba mu gihugu bagura ibicuruzwa ndetse no mu gihugu cyabo. Ikipe isanzwe igira abantu benshi, ahanini bakorera abaguzi banini.
Niba uri muri Amerika, hitamo umukozi wo mu gace utuyemo kandi ntugomba guhangayikishwa n'imbogamizi z'ururimi n'umuco hagati yawe n'umukozi wo mu gace utuyemo, imikorere myiza y'itumanaho irarushaho kwiyongera.
Iyo uguze iduka rinini, ushobora gutekereza gushaka umuhuza mu gihugu cyawe. Ariko, ntabwo bakunda ubucuruzi buto bumwe na bumwe, kuko serivisi zabo cyangwa inyungu zabo bwite ziba nyinshi.
Ibyiza n'ibibi by'abashinzwe gushaka amasoko mu Bushinwa
Ugereranyije n’abahagarariye ibigo bicuruza ibicuruzwa bitari iby’Abashinwa, birumvikana ko komisiyo ya serivisi cyangwa inyungu z’ibigo bicuruza ibicuruzwa by’Abashinwa biri hasi cyane. Uretse ibyo, bafite amakipe menshi y’abahanga mu gucuruza ibicuruzwa n’abashoramari b’Abashinwa bafite umutungo mwinshi kurusha abahagarariye ibigo bicuruza ibicuruzwa bitari iby’Abashinwa.
Ariko, bashobora kudashobora kuvugana nawe neza nk'abakozi kavukire bawe bitewe n'itandukaniro ry'ururimi. Byongeye kandi, inganda z'Abashinwa zikora ibicuruzwa zivanze n'abakozi beza n'ababi, bigatuma bigorana gutandukanya beza.
Inama ya 2: Hitamo abakozi bashinzwe gushakisha ibicuruzwa byihariye
Niba ushaka gutumiza ubwoko bwinshi butandukanye bw'ibicuruzwa bicuruzwa buri munsi, hitamo ikigo gicuruza ibicuruzwa cyamaze gushakira abaguzi ba mbere ibicuruzwa byinshi bicuruzwa buri munsi.
Niba wihariye mu gutumiza ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe mu nganda, shaka umukozi ushinzwe gushakisha ibicuruzwa wihariye muri uru rwego nk'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi. Kuko aba bakozi bagomba kuba barakusanyije abacuruzi benshi beza muri uru rwego kandi bashobora kuguha inama nziza zo kugura no gukora.
Inama ya 3: Hitamo umukozi utanga isoko uri hafi y'itsinda ry'inganda
Buri gihugu gifite amatsinda yacyo y’inganda, ari yo matsinda y’ibigo bisa n’ibifitanye isano mu gace runaka k’ubutaka.
Urugero, niba ushaka kugura ibintu bya buri munsi mu Bushinwa, umukozi ushinzwe gushakisha ibicuruzwa muri Yiwu ni amahitamo meza. Kandi ku myenda, umukozi ushinzwe gushakisha ibicuruzwa muri Guangzhou azaba afite inyungu nyinshi.
Kuba hafi y’itsinda ry’inganda biroroshye kuvugana n’inganda no kugabanya ibiciro biri hagati, nko gutwara imizigo, amafaranga yo kugenzura ubuziranenge n’ibindi. Urugero, Niba ushaka kugura ibicuruzwa by’ikoranabuhanga, abashinzwe gucuruza ibicuruzwa muri Yiwu ntibazagira inyungu ku giciro cyiza kurusha abashinzwe gucuruza ibicuruzwa muri Shenzhen.
Niba ushaka gushaka ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa, dore imbonerahamwe y'amatsinda y'inganda ku byiciro bimwe na bimwe by'inganda mu Bushinwa kugira ngo ubyifashishe.
Icyiciro cy'inganda Impano z'itsindaYiwuIbintu bya elegitoroniki n'ikoranabuhangaShenzhenImyenda y'abanaZhili, Jimo, GuangdongIbintuYongkangIby'isukuGuangzhouImyenda yo mu rugoTongxiang, NantongIbyapa by'igikoniTongxiang, ChaozhouImitako yo mu rugoFoshanIbicuruzwa by'ibanze/ibikoresho byinshi by'ibanzeYuyao (ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki), Dongguan (imyambaro)IbyapaGuangzhou, ShaoxingPackagingCangnan, Wenzhou.
Inama ya 4: Baza umukozi ushinzwe gushaka serivisi/ikigo niba ashobora gutanga ubutumwa bw'abakiriya bishimye
Umukozi mwiza utanga serivisi nziza kandi utanga serivisi nziza, aba afite abakiriya benshi bishimye, kandi bazishimira kuguha abantu baguhamagara bishimye. Bityo rero, ushobora kureba umuntu utanga serivisi nziza cyane - ese ni umuhanga mu kubona igiciro cyiza cyangwa kugenzura ibicuruzwa? Ese bashobora gutanga serivisi nziza?
Inama ya 5: Hitamo umukozi ushinzwe gushaka isoko ufite uburambe bwinshi mu gushaka isoko
Ubunararibonye mu gushaka isoko ni ikintu cy'ingenzi ugomba kuzirikana. Umukozi ku giti cye ukora nk'umukozi mu gihe cy'imyaka 10 ashobora kuba afite ubuhanga n'icyizere kurusha ikigo gitanga isoko cyamaze amezi make gusa gishinzwe.
Imyaka amaze mu bucuruzi ni ikimenyetso cy'amateka ye. Ibi bivuze ko yakomeje guha abakiriya be ubucuruzi bwiza. Uretse kuba azi guhitamo abatanga serivisi, agomba no kuba afite ubushobozi buhanitse mu bijyanye no kugenzura ubuziranenge, imicungire y'ibikoresho n'igenzura.