Sezerera ku buyobozi bugizwe n'ibice! Ni gute wagabanya ikiguzi cyawe cyo gutumanaho kugeza kuri zeru ukoresheje uburyo bwo gukora ibintu buzwi nka One-Stop Logistics?

Sezerera ku buyobozi bugizwe n'ibice! Ni gute wagabanya ikiguzi cyawe cyo gutumanaho kugeza kuri zeru ukoresheje uburyo bwo gukora ibintu buzwi nka One-Stop Logistics?

Mu ruhererekane rw'ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, ikiguzi cy'itumanaho ry'ibikoresho gikunze kwihisha mu mikoranire igoye—itumanaho rinini n'abatwara imizigo, abahuza ibicuruzwa bya gasutamo, abatwara imizigo, n'abatanga ububiko; kwemeza inshuro ebyiri bitewe n'amakuru adafite ishingiro; no gushinjana iyo habayeho ibintu bidasanzwe. Ibi bibazo by'ubuyobozi bw'ibigo bitandukanye birimo kwangiza inyungu n'imikorere y'ibigo. Ikigo cy'itumanaho gikoresha uburyo bumwe burimo guhindura burundu uburyo bwo gutumanaho bw'ibikoresho mpuzamahanga.

1. Ikibazo cy'ibice: Umwobo w'umukara wihishe w'ibiciro by'itumanaho mu by'ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga

2. Ibikoresho Bikora ku Kibanza Kimwe: Kuvugurura Ikoranabuhanga ry'Itumanaho ry'Ibikoresho Mpuzamahanga

3. Inzira yo "Guhagarika burundu" Ibiciro by'itumanaho: Ibyiza by'ingenzi bya serivisi zitangwa rimwe gusa

4. Ibiciro Birenze: Guha Agaciro Gafatika Kongera Ingufu mu Bikorwa Bitandukanye

5. Guhitamo neza: Uburyo ibigo bishobora gufunga abafatanyabikorwa bizeye ba One-Stop

6. Imiterere Mishya mu Bijyanye n'Ibintu ku Isi: Uburyo Butazibagirana bwo Gutanga Serivisi Zimwe

I. Ikibazo cy'ibice: Umwobo w'umukara wihishe w'ibiciro by'itumanaho mu by'ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga

Uburyo busanzwe bwo gucunga ibikoresho mpuzamahanga "bugizwe mu byiciro" bugabanya uruhererekane rw'ibikoresho mo ihuriro ryigenga, buri ihuriro rikorwa n'umutanga serivisi utandukanye. Ikiguzi cy'itumanaho muri ubu buryo cyarenze igihe kinini "igihe n'abakozi", bigatuma hakoreshwa umutungo wose.

Ubwa mbere, hari amafaranga akoreshwa ku bakozi. Kubera ko buri sano risaba imikoranire itandukanye, ibigo akenshi bikenera gushyiraho amatsinda yihariye yo gucunga itumanaho no guhuza hagati y’ahantu hatandukanye. Dufashe urugero rw’ihererekanya ry’imizigo mpuzamahanga ku kibuga cy’indege cya Jinan, mu bikorwa bisanzwe "by’imbere mu gihugu-mpuzamahanga", buri kohereza ibicuruzwa bijyanwa nijoro bisaba ko abakozi batatu bahuza ibyiciro bitandukanye, aho ikiguzi cy’abakozi kigera kuri 20% by’ikiguzi cyose cy’ibikoresho. Ku bigo byohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, imirimo isubirwamo nko kwemeza umwanya w’imizigo hamwe n’abatwara imizigo, kuvugana n’abahuza ba gasutamo kugira ngo bategure inyandiko, no gusaba abatwara imizigo kuvugurura imiterere y’ibikoresho bitwara igihe kirenga 70% by’igihe cy’akazi cy’abakozi bo mu ruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa.

Icya kabiri, hari igihombo mu mikorere giterwa n’ibura ry’amakuru. Kuva ku ruganda, binyuze ku byambu, kuri gasutamo, ubwikorezi mpuzamahanga, uburenganzira bwo kwemererwa ibicuruzwa mu gihugu kugeza ku gutanga serivisi za nyuma, amakuru kuri buri cyiciro akwirakwira mu batanga serivisi zitandukanye. Niba amasosiyete ashaka gukurikirana uko ibicuruzwa bihagaze, agomba kuvugana na buri muntu ku giti cye; gutinda mu kohereza amakuru akenshi bituma habaho gutinda gufata ibyemezo. Ikirenzeho, iyo habayeho ibibazo nk'ubutinda bw'imizigo cyangwa amakosa y'inyandiko, abatanga serivisi bimura inshingano byoroshye, bigasaba amasosiyete kumara igihe kinini asobanura imbibi z'inshingano, ndetse bakabura n'amahirwe meza yo gukemura ikibazo.

Amaherezo, hari igabanuka ry’ibiciro byihishe rikomeje. Amakosa mu itumanaho rihoraho ashobora gutuma habaho imenyekanisha ritari ryo rya gasutamo, bigatuma habaho gutinda kwemererwa kwa gasutamo no kwishyura amafaranga yo kwishyurwa. Icyuho mu guhuza ibikorwa hagati y’ibyiciro bitandukanye gishobora kongera ibyago byo kwangirika kw’imizigo; amakuru aturuka ku kibuga cy’indege cya Jinan agaragaza ko igipimo cy’ibihombo by’ibintu byoroshye kiri hejuru cyane mu bikorwa byihariye ugereranyije n’uburyo buhuriweho. Ibi biciro byihishe, nubwo bitagaragara mu buryo butaziguye mu mafaranga akoreshwa mu itumanaho, byose bituruka ku ntege nke mu itumanaho mu micungire yibice.

II. Ibikoresho Bikora ku Kibanza Kimwe: Kuvugurura Ikoranabuhanga ry'Itumanaho ry'Ibikoresho Mpuzamahanga

Bitewe n'ibibazo by'ubudahangarwa by'imicungire y'ibice bitandukanye, ubwikorezi bw'ibikoresho bugizwe n'ibice bimwe, hamwe n'"ihuza ry'ibice byose" nk'ishingiro ryabyo, byubaka uburyo bw'itumanaho bw'"uburyo bumwe + inshingano zose", buhindura cyane cyane uburyo bw'ubufatanye bw'ubwikorezi mpuzamahanga. ubwikorezi bw'ibikoresho bugizwe n'ibice bimwe ntabwo ari uruhurirane rwa serivisi gusa, ahubwo, binyuze mu guhuza umutungo no kongerera imbaraga ikoranabuhanga, bushyiramo ibice byose by'ubwikorezi mpuzamahanga - gutanga itike, gutangaza gasutamo, gutwara abantu, kubika ibicuruzwa, gutangaza gasutamo, no gukwirakwiza - mu buryo bumwe bwa serivisi. Ibigo bikeneye gusa kuvugana n'umuntu umwe wihariye kugira ngo agenzure amakuru mu ruhererekane rwose.

Akamaro k'ingenzi k'ubu buryo kari mu gushyiraho "ikigo cy'amakuru". Serivisi y'ibicuruzwa Abatanga serivisi basenya inzitizi z'amakuru mu bijyanye n'ibikoresho gakondo byubaka urubuga rwa interineti rutuma habaho guhuza no gusangira amakuru mu buryo bwihuse mu byiciro byose. Urugero, DHL, ikoresheje umuyoboro wayo ukorera mu bihugu birenga 220 n'uturere twose ku isi, ihuza serivisi mpuzamahanga zo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu buryo bwa vuba, gutwara imizigo, no kubika ibicuruzwa mu gisubizo kimwe. Abakiriya bashobora kurangiza ibikorwa byose - gutumiza, gukurikirana, no kubaza - binyuze kuri urubuga rumwe badahinduye hagati ya sisitemu nyinshi. Luo Xin International Logistics, binyuze muri sisitemu yayo yo gucunga yiyubakiye, iha abakiriya ibiciro bisobanutse, birimo gutwara imizigo mu mazi, imisoro ya gasutamo, n'ubwishingizi, igabanya igihe cyo kwemeza ibiciro by'ibikoresho kuva ku minsi 3 kugeza ku masaha 2.

Icy'ingenzi kurushaho, abatanga serivisi z'ibicuruzwa bitangwa n'abantu benshi bafata inshingano zo "gusohoza inshingano zabo zose." Kuva ku bicuruzwa biva mu bubiko kugeza ku kwakira burundu, ingaruka zose n'ibibazo byose bikemurwa n'utanga serivisi, bigakuraho ikibazo cy'uko "impande nyinshi zigira uruhare rumwe." Ubu buryo bwo gushyira mu bikorwa inshingano ntibworoshya gusa inzira z'itumanaho ahubwo bunabohora amasosiyete mu guhuza ibikorwa by'ibicuruzwa, bigatuma yibanda ku bikorwa byayo by'ingenzi.

III. Nta kiguzi cy'itumanaho: Ibyiza by'ingenzi bya serivisi imwe

Ibikoresho byo mu buryo bumwe nta kiguzi na kimwe bigira mu itumanaho, ntabwo ari igitekerezo cy’inyigisho gusa, ahubwo n’umusaruro ufatika ugerwaho binyuze mu gushushanya serivisi runaka no gushyigikira ikoranabuhanga. Inzira yabyo y’ingenzi igaragarira mu iterambere mu mpande eshatu:

1. Umuntu umwe wo kuvugana, kurangiza "Guhuza abantu benshi": Ibigo ntibikeneye kwibuka amakuru y'abatanga serivisi benshi. Umujyanama w'ibikorwa by'ikoranabuhanga azakurikirana ibintu byose, agakora imirimo yose y'itumanaho harimo no gukusanya amakuru, gutanga ibitekerezo ku iterambere, no guhuza ibibazo. Ubwo Luo Xin International yatangaga serivisi z'umushinga w'ikigo cy'ubucuruzi cy'ubucuti cya China Construction Group muri Bangladesh, itsinda rimwe ryihariye ryarangije inzira yose y'itumanaho, harimo gutunganya inyandiko za ATA, gupakira ibimurikagurisha, gusohora ibicuruzwa bya gasutamo, no gutanga ibikoresho, bigenzura ko ibikoresho 300 by'ikoranabuhanga bihagera nta ngaruka byangiritse. Ubu buryo bwa serivisi "bw'umuntu umwe" butuma itumanaho rirushaho gukora neza nibura 50%.

2. Kongerera ubushobozi ikoranabuhanga, kugera ku "guhuza amakuru nta gutinda": Dushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga nka AI, IoT, na blockchain, urubuga rw'ibikoresho rutanga serivisi zo gukurikirana ibicuruzwa mu buryo bugaragara mu buzima bwabyo bwose. Ibigo bishobora kugenzura aho imizigo iherereye, uko ibicuruzwa bihagaze, n'igihe biteganijwe cyo kohereza mu gihe nyacyo binyuze kuri telefoni igendanwa cyangwa mudasobwa, bikuraho ko hakenewe kwemeza kenshi telefoni. "Ingamba za 2030" za DHL zikoresha ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, zemerera abakiriya gukurikirana ingendo z'imizigo ku isi yose igihe icyo ari cyo cyose, bikuraho burundu "amakuru adasobanutse." Mu buryo bwa Jining bwo "guhuza ahantu hatandukanye n'aho ibicuruzwa biherereye", ikigo gihuza n'aho ibicuruzwa biherereye n'aho ibicuruzwa biherereye bisangira amakuru y'imenyekanisha rya gasutamo mu gihe nyacyo, bikuraho ko ubucuruzi bugomba kohereza ibikoresho inshuro nyinshi, kandi bigatuma "gusubiza imisoro rimwe" no gutunganya inzira zo kwishyura imisoro.

3. Gutegura ibikorwa byihutirwa bigabanya "ikiguzi cy'itumanaho ridasanzwe." Abatanga serivisi z'inzobere mu gutanga serivisi imwe, bashingiye ku bunararibonye ku isi mu bijyanye n'ibikoresho, bateganya ingaruka zishobora kubaho kandi bagategura gahunda z'ibikorwa byihutirwa mbere y'igihe. Urugero, bibutsa ibigo by'ubucuruzi guhindura ingamba zabo zo gutangaza amakuru mu rwego rwo guhangana n'impinduka mu misoro ya politiki; kandi bagashaka umutungo mbere y'igihe kandi bagatangariza ibigo gahunda zabo zo gutegura ibikoresho mu rwego rwo guhangana n'ibura ry'ahantu hanini mu gihe cy'izuba. Yingmai Logistics yashyizeho ububiko bw'ibikoresho mu karere ka Yangtze River Delta, bituma gahunda zihutirwa zitangira mu masaha 72. Mu gihe habayeho gufunga imizigo mu buryo butunguranye, kohereza imizigo bishobora gukorwa vuba hatabayeho itumanaho rihoraho no guhuza ibikorwa n'ibigo.

IV. Ikiguzi Kirenze: Agaciro Kahishe k'Ibikoresho Bihari

Iyo ikiguzi cy’itumanaho cyagabanutse cyane cyangwa kikavanwaho, agaciro k’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga rimwe gusa ku bigo karenze kure kuzigama amafaranga, kakagera no ku kunoza burundu ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’uruhererekane rw’ibikoresho.

Kunoza igihe biba agaciro k’inyongera cyane. Itumanaho rigezweho rigabanya mu buryo butaziguye igihe cyo guhuza hagati y’amasano atandukanye. Nyuma y’uko ikibuga cy’indege cya Jinan gishyize mu bikorwa uburyo bwo guhagarara ahantu hamwe, igihe cyo kohereza imizigo cyagabanutse kiva ku masaha 3.5 kigera mu isaha imwe, binongera igihe cyo gukoresha ibicuruzwa ku gihe kirenga 70%, kandi bigatuma ibicuruzwa byihutirwa "bihagera kandi bigatwara ku munsi umwe." Ku nganda zikoresha igihe nk'amakuru mashya y'ingufu n'ikoranabuhanga, iri terambere bivuze ko isoko rishobora kwihuta cyane ndetse no kubona ubushobozi bwo gukoresha amahirwe no kubona amafaranga y'ibiciro.

Ubushobozi bwo kugenzura ingaruka burushijeho gukomera ni ingenzi cyane. Abatanga serivisi zo mu gace kamwe bafite amatsinda y’inzobere mu by’ubucuruzi bwa gasutamo n’uburambe ku isi yose mu kubahiriza amategeko, birinda ingaruka zo kwemererwa gukorerwa gasutamo ziterwa n’amakosa y’inyandiko n’amatangazo adakwiye. Itsinda rya gasutamo rya Luo Xin International rifite ubuhanga mu mategeko agenga gasutamo mu bihugu bitandukanye. Binyuze muri gahunda yo kubahiriza amategeko y’ "igenzura mbere y’uko ibintu bitangira gukorwa + igenzura ry’ibikorwa n’isuzuma nyuma y’ibikorwa," bagabanya igipimo cy’amakosa yo kwemererwa gukorerwa gasutamo ku bakiriya. Yingmai Logistics itanga serivisi zo gukurikirana ubucuruzi bwa blockchain ku bakiriya ba farumasi, igabanya igihombo cy’imizigo kigera kuri 0.2%, munsi cyane y’ikigereranyo cy’inganda. Ubu bushobozi bwo gucunga ingaruka ni garanti y’ingenzi ku mikorere y’ubucuruzi ihamye muri iki gihe cy’ubucuruzi ku isi bukomeje kuba ingorabahizi.

Byongeye kandi, kunoza imikorere myiza y’ishoramari mu migabane nabyo ni ingenzi. Muri gahunda ya Jining ya "zone-port linkage", hifashishijwe politiki ya "gusubiza imisoro ukimara kwinjira" na serivisi imwe, igihe cyo gusubiza imisoro ku bigo kigabanukaho ibirenze 30% ugereranije n’uburyo busanzwe, bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cyo kwigarurira imari. Ku bigo bito n’ibiciriritse by’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga, uku kunoza imikorere myiza y’imari bishobora kugabanya neza igitutu cy’amafaranga yinjira.

V. Guhitamo neza: Uburyo ibigo bishobora gufunga abafatanyabikorwa bizeye ba One-Stop

Guhitamo umutanga serivisi y’ibikoresho by’ingenzi ni uguhitamo "umufatanyabikorwa w’ingamba" mu ruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa. Guhitamo nabi bishobora gutera umutego w’"ibintu by’uburiganya - byitwa ko ari ahantu hamwe ho guhurira, ariko mu by’ukuri, hari ba rwiyemezamirimo benshi bakora, kandi ibibazo by’itumanaho ntibirakemuka. Ibigo bigomba gusuzuma ibintu bitatu by’ingenzi:

Ubwa mbere, ubushobozi bwo guhuza umutungo mu ruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa byose. Umutanga serivisi nyawe agomba kugira umuyoboro mpuzamahanga wigenzura, aho kuba umuhuza w'umutungo gusa. Ibintu by'ingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho birimo: niba umuyoboro wa serivisi ukorera ku isoko ry'ikigo, nk'imiterere y'aho DHL ikorera ku isi; niba ufite ubushobozi bwo gutwara abantu mu buryo butandukanye, nk'umurongo wa Luo Xin International wa "ikamyo yambukiranya imipaka + gari ya moshi"; kandi niba ufite itsinda ry'abahanga mu by'imisoro, ububiko, n'ibigega, aho kwishingikiriza ku gutanga serivisi z'abakozi.

Icya kabiri, ubushobozi bwo gushyigikira ikoranabuhanga mu ikoranabuhanga. Ikoranabuhanga ni ryo shingiro ry'itumanaho ryiza. Ibigo bigomba kwita ku mikorere ya sisitemu y'abatanga serivisi: niba ifite ubushobozi bwo gukurikirana amashusho kuva ku mpera kugeza ku mpera; niba ishobora gutanga ibiciro bisobanutse n'ibisobanuro birambuye ku mafaranga; ndetse niba ishyigikira ihuzwa rya API kugira ngo ihuzwe na sisitemu yabo ya ERP. Sisitemu ya Yingmai Logistics yitwa "AI schedule + IoT monitoring + blockchain evidence storage" ni ikimenyetso cy'imbaraga z'ikoranabuhanga, igabanya igihe cyayo cyo gusubiza ibintu mu buryo butari bwo kikagera ku minota 15.

Amaherezo, ubushobozi bwo guhuza n'imikorere y'inganda no kugabanya ibyago. Ibikenewe mu nganda zitandukanye biratandukanye cyane. Ibikoresho byo mu rwego rw'imiti bisaba icyemezo cya GSP no kugenzura neza ubushyuhe, mu gihe ibice by'imodoka bisaba ububiko bugenzurwa n'ubushuhe no guhuza sisitemu ya EDI. Abatanga serivisi bizewe bagomba kuba bashobora gutanga ibisubizo byihariye. Muri icyo gihe, ni ngombwa gusobanura uburyo bwo kwishyura ingaruka z'inganda. Urugero, umuhigo wa Yingmai Logistics wo kwishyura 200% by'imizigo kubera gutinda kurenza amasaha 6 bitanga umutekano, bigabanura igihombo gishobora kubaho ku bigo.

VI. Imiterere Mishya mu Bijyanye n'Ibikorwa Mpuzamahanga: Inzira Idasubirwaho ya Serivisi Zitangwa n'Abantu Bamwe

Bitewe no guhuza ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga n'uburyo imiyoboro y'ibicuruzwa irushaho gukomera, ubwikorezi bw'ibintu buhagaze icyarimwe bwahindutse kuva kuri "serivisi y'ubushake" bujya kuri "serivisi ikenewe", biba ikintu kidasubirwaho mu nganda mpuzamahanga z'ibicuruzwa. Raporo yavuye mu Muryango w'Ubushakashatsi w'Abashinwa igaragaza ko ubwikorezi mpuzamahanga burimo guhinduka kuva ku murongo umwe w'ubwikorezi kugera kuri sisitemu yuzuye ya serivisi ihuza uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa kandi iyobowe n'ikoranabuhanga, aho serivisi z'ibintu bihagaze hamwe ari zo zitwara iyi mpinduka.

Mu rwego rwo gukenera isoko, iterambere ryiyongera ry’ubucuruzi bwa elegitoroniki bukorerwa ku mipaka n’icyerekezo cy’ibigo bito n’ibiciriritse "birimo kugenda ku isi yose" biri gutuma icyifuzo cy’ibikoresho biva ku buryo busanzwe bugera ku buryo bwo guhindura no kwagura ibikorwa byose. Ibigo ntibikinyurwa no "gutanga ibicuruzwa gusa," ahubwo bisaba ibisubizo "bidafite impungenge" mu nzira yose. Iki cyifuzo cyatumye serivisi zitangirwa ahantu hamwe ziyongera cyane. Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga, iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga nka AI na IoT ryatumye uburyo bwo guhuza amakuru bushoboka, bituma itumanaho rigenda neza mu bijyanye n’ibikoresho bitangirwa ahantu hamwe.

Mu gihe kizaza, uburyo bwo gutwara abantu buzajya bugera ku kunoza no ku bwenge: kunoza inzira zo gutwara abantu binyuze muri algorithms za AI, kwigana imikorere y'uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya digitale, no gusubiza ibisabwa ku isi mu buryo buciriritse hakoreshejwe ibisubizo by'uburyo bwo gutwara abantu. Ku bigo, kwakira uburyo bwo gutwara abantu buzajya bugera ku isoko rimwe gusa si uguhitamo kugabanya ikiguzi cy'itumanaho gusa, ahubwo ni n'ingamba zo kunoza ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'uburyo bwo gutwara abantu ku isi.

Gusezera ku buyobozi bugoye kandi budakora neza "bugizwe n'ibice", guhitamo umufatanyabikorwa nyawe w'ibikorwa by'ubwikorezi bituma itumanaho mpuzamahanga ry'ibikorwa by'ubwikorezi rigaruka ku bworoshye no kunoza—ibi ntibigamije gusa gukuraho ikiguzi, ahubwo ni n'intangiriro nshya y'iterambere ry'ubucuruzi ku isi.