Kubera ko ubucucike bw'abantu ku byambu byo ku nkombe y'Iburengerazuba bwiyongera, ni gute ubucuruzi bushobora kwitega no guteganya igihe cyo kugabanya ubucucike hagati yo kugera ku cyambu no kugeza ibicuruzwa mu bubiko?

Kubera ko ubucucike bw'abantu ku byambu byo ku nkombe y'Iburengerazuba bwiyongera, ni gute ubucuruzi bushobora kwitega no guteganya igihe cyo kugabanya ubucucike hagati yo kugera ku cyambu no kugeza ibicuruzwa mu bubiko?

Iyo umubare w'amato y'imizigo ari ku murongo ku cyambu cya Los Angeles urenga 60, kandi igihe cyo kubika amakontena ku cyambu cya Rotterdam kikagera ku minsi 14, "ubwinshi bw'ibyambu" ntibukiri ikibazo cya rimwe na rimwe mu bijyanye n'ibikoresho byambukiranya imipaka, ahubwo ni ingaruka zisanzwe zo hanze. Ku bagurisha bambukiranya imipaka bishingikiriza kuri Amazon FBA n'ububiko bw'imbuga zabo za interineti zigenga, gutinda ku cyambu kimwe bishobora gutuma: gutinda guhamagara ku cyambu, gukuba kabiri ikiguzi cyo gukodesha ububiko, gutakaza amahirwe yo kugurisha mu gihe cya Black Friday/Cyber ​​​​Monday, ndetse no gutuma habaho kuburira ku bubiko bw'ibikoresho.

Nk'umutanga serivisi wihariye mu gutanga serivisi ku isi hose, Brand Empowerer, ishingiye ku bunararibonye bw'abakiriya ibihumbi, itanga ibisubizo byo kugabanya ibyago ku bagurisha bo mu bihugu bitandukanye – kuva ku “guhuza ibikoresho by'ubuhanuzi” kugeza ku “ngamba zo gutegura igihe cy'ihindagurika” – kwirinda kwishingikiriza ku cyambu kimwe no gutegereza gutinda, bigabanye ingaruka z'umubyigano binyuze mu igenamigambi ryihuse.

I. Ubwa mbere, sobanukirwa: "Ibibazo by'uruhererekane" by'umubyigano w'ibyambu byo ku nkombe y'Iburengerazuba byica bite?

Mbere yo kuganira ku bisubizo, tugomba gusobanura neza ko ubucucike bw'amazi ku byambu bya West Coast (bihagarariwe n'ibyambu bya Los Angeles/Long Beach ku nkombe y'Uburengerazuba ya Amerika n'ibyambu bya Rotterdam/Hamburg ku nkombe y'Uburengerazuba y'i Burayi) bugoye cyane kuruta "kugera gusa nyuma y'iminsi mike." Bitera "ingaruka z'ibinyugunyugu":

Gutinda kohereza → Idirishya ry’ububiko rifunze: Igihe cy’iminsi 21 cya "China port - Los Angeles port + FBA warehousing" gishobora kugera ku minsi 35 mu gihe cy’ubucucike bw’ibintu. Abagurisha nibategura ububiko hakurikijwe gahunda ya mbere, bazabura igihe cyo kongera ububiko mu gihe cy’umwaka w’ibicuruzwa byinshi;
Amafaranga yo kubika + amafaranga yo kohereza ibicuruzwa → Amafaranga adagenzurwa: Icyambu cya Los Angeles cyishyuza amafaranga yo kubika hagati ya $150-300 kuri buri konteyine ku munsi ku makonteyine asigaye iminsi irenga 5, naho ibyambu by'i Burayi byishyuza amafaranga yo kohereza ibicuruzwa ku isaha. Urugero rumwe rw'umubyigano rushobora kongera ikiguzi kuri buri konteyine ho $2000-5000;
Ingaruka zo gukomeza kubahiriza amategeko → Kunanirwa kubika ibicuruzwa: Amazon FBA ifite ibisabwa bikomeye kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bikoreshwe ku gihe. Niba ibicuruzwa bidahawe igihe cyagenwe cyo kubika ibicuruzwa kubera ubucucike bw'ibyambu, ntabwo bizakenerwa gahunda nshya gusa (bishobora gutegereza icyumweru 1-2), ahubwo n'ibipfunyika byangiritse cyangwa ibirango bitagaragara neza (kubera kubika igihe kirekire) bishobora gutuma habaho igenzura ry'amategeko, bigatuma ibicuruzwa byangwa mu buryo butaziguye.

Ikintu nyamukuru kibabaza izi ngaruka ni "kudashobora kugenzura"—abagurisha akenshi bamenya uko ibintu bimeze iyo amato y’imizigo ari ku murongo, icyo gihe bakaba barabuze amahirwe yo kumenyera. Kubwibyo, "kuburira hakiri kare" ni wo murongo wa mbere wo kwirinda ubucucike bw’ibyambu.

II. Umuburo Hakiri kare: Ubwoko 3 bw'ibikoresho byo gutuma ubwinshi bw'ibyambu byo ku nkombe y'iburengerazuba "bugaragara kandi bushobora gusobanurwa"

Ingingo y'ingenzi yo guhangana n'umuvuduko w'amafaranga ni uguhindura "ibyago byo hanze bitagenzurwa" mo "ibimenyetso by'amakuru biteganyijwe." Ubwoko butatu bukurikira bw'ibikoresho byo kuburira hakiri kare byemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga bushobora gukoreshwa mu buryo butaziguye n'abacuruzi bambuka imipaka batishingikirije ku mbuga nkoranyambaga z'imbere mu gihugu:

1. Porogaramu zemewe zo gukusanya amakuru ku byambu: Kubona ishingiro ryemewe cyane ry’imibare
Icyitonderwa cya Amerika ku nkombe y'Iburengerazuba: Ihererekanya ry'amazi mu majyepfo ya Kaliforuniya
Uru ni urubuga rwemewe rwo gutangaza amakuru ku byambu bya Los Angeles na Long Beach (ruboneka ku rubuga rwemewe), rutanga amakuru mashya ku buryo nyabwo kuri:

Umubare w'amato atwara imizigo ategereje ku cyambu (gutandukanya "gutegereza guparika" n' "gutegereza gupakurura");
"Uburyo bwo gupakurura ibikoresho" (umubare wa TEU zipakururwa ku isaha);
Igihe cy'ubukererwe giherutse (urugero, "Mu minsi 7 ishize, amato y'imizigo ku cyambu cya Los Angeles yategereje amasaha 126 kugira ngo apakurure").
Urugero: Niba uru rubuga rwerekana ko "ubushobozi bwo gupakurura ibicuruzwa kuri terminal imwe mu cyambu cya Long Beach bwagabanutseho 30%", ni ngombwa kumenya ko gahunda zo kohereza ibintu zikurikira zishobora gutindaho iminsi 5-7.

Icyitonderwa cy'inkombe y'Iburengerazuba bw'u Burayi: Icyambu cya Rotterdam
Imbonerahamwe yemewe y’icyambu cya Rotterdam itanga amakuru kuri:
"Ubucucike bw'ububiko" kuri buri gice cy'ububiko (niba burenga 85%, bigaragaza igihe kirekire cyo kubika);
Uburyo bwo guhuza ibicuruzwa imbere mu gihugu (urugero, "igihe cyo gutegereza ko gari ya moshi igera," iyo birengeje amasaha 48, bivuze ko ibicuruzwa bigorana kubitwara ku gihe nyuma yo kugera ku cyambu).

2. Ibikoresho byihariye mu nganda zikora ibikoresho: Gukurikirana ingaruka z'ubukererwe kuva ku mpera kugeza ku mpera
Flexport Ocean Igihe cy'igenamigambi
Iki ni igipimo cy’igihe cyo kohereza cyashyizwe ahagaragara n’urubuga rw’ibikorwa by’abandi, gishobora gukoreshwa mu kugenzura impuzandengo y’iminsi yo gutinda ku "Ubushinwa (Shanghai/Shenzhen) → Inkombe y’Uburengerazuba bwa Amerika (Los Angeles)," ndetse n’igipimo cy’imikorere y’ibigo bitandukanye byo kohereza ibicuruzwa ku gihe (urugero, "Igipimo cya vuba aha cya Maersk cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa ku gihe ni 65%, naho icya COSCO ni 58%"), bifasha abagurisha guhitamo ibigo byizewe byo kohereza ibicuruzwa.

Sisitemu zo gukurikirana ikigo cy’ubwikorezi mu buryo bwihuse
Imbuga za interineti zemewe z’ibigo bikomeye by’ubwikorezi (nka COSCO, Hapag-Lloyd, na CMA CGM) zose zitanga uburyo bwo "gukurikirana imizigo mu gihe nyacyo". Ukoresheje inomero y’ifishi y’imizigo, ushobora kureba:
Aho ubwato bw'imizigo buherereye ubu (niba buri ku murongo ku gipangu);
Niba igihe cyagenwe cyo kuhagera (ETA) cyaravuguruwe (niba bikunze gutinda, wirinde kwiyongera kw'umubyigano);
Gutanga ikigo cy’indege cyo kugera aho giherereye (niba gihawe ikigo gifite "ubushobozi buke bwo gupakurura ibintu," tegura izindi gahunda mbere y’igihe).

3. Abatanga Serivisi z'Amakuru ku Banyamigabane Batatu: Kubona Ibimenyesha Icyerekezo cy'Inganda
Igipimo cy'ibicuruzwa bya Drewry ku isi
Isosiyete izwi cyane ku isi mu gutanga amakuru ku bijyanye n'ubwikorezi bw'ubwato, isohora buri cyumweru "Raporo z'ibitero by'ibyambu," harimo:
"Igipimo cy'ubukererwe" ku byambu bikomeye ku isi (100 nk'ishingiro, hejuru ya 150 bigaragaza umubyigano ukabije);
Iteganya ko umuvuduko w’amazi uzakomeza kwiyongera mu byumweru 4-8 biri imbere (urugero: "Biteganijwe ko igipimo cy’umuvuduko w’amazi ku cyambu cya Los Angeles kizagera kuri 180 mu Gushyingo bitewe n’umuvuduko w’amazi wo kuwa gatanu w’umukara").

Amatangazo yihariye aturutse ku bafatanyabikorwa ba Local Logistics
Abatanga serivisi nka Brand Empowerer, inzobere mu bijyanye n’ibikoresho bya FBA, bahuza amakuru yose yavuzwe haruguru kugira ngo bahe abakiriya "amatangazo yihariye" — urugero, "Ibicuruzwa byawe byoherejwe ku cyambu cya Los Angeles ku ya 15 Ukwakira biteganijwe gutegereza iminsi 8 kugira ngo bipakururwe bihageze; ni byiza gusubika gahunda yawe yo kubika ibicuruzwa ku minsi 10." Ibi bikuraho ko abagurisha bagomba guhuza amakuru aturutse ku mbuga nyinshi ubwabo, bigabanyiriza ikiguzi cyo gukora.

III. Igenamigambi ryihuse: Ingamba 3 z'ingenzi zo gushyiraho igihe cy'ihindagurika ry'ibikoresho byo "kuva ku cyambu ujya ku bubiko"

Intego nyamukuru y'izi nteruro ni "igenamigambi rikorwa ku buryo bufatika." Ku bijyanye n'umubyigano w'ibyambu byo ku nkombe y'Iburengerazuba, turasaba abagurisha ku mipaka gushyiraho igihe cyo gufunga kidahinduka uhereye ku ngero eshatu: "igihe, inzira, n'ububiko," kugira ngo birinde ibisubizo byo gusubiza.

1. Ikoreshwa ry'igihe: Kubara uruziga rwose ukurikije "ubwinshi bw'ibice byinshi + ubwiyongere bw'ihindagurika"
Abagurisha benshi bibeshya ko babara igihe bashingiye ku "ngengabihe isanzwe yo kohereza." Uburyo bukwiye ni "ingengabihe isanzwe + gutinda gucucikana kw'ibintu + guhindagurika kw'ihindagurika," hamwe n'uburyo bwihariye:
Ingendo yose = Igihe gisanzwe cyo kohereza mu mazi + Igihe cy'ubukererwe bw'umubyigano uheruka + iminsi 3-5 yo guhindagurika kw'ihindagurika + Igihe cyo kwishyura gasutamo/ububiko

Urugero rw'ingirakamaro:
Niba igihe gisanzwe cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mazi kuva "Shenzhen Port kugera Los Angeles Port" ari iminsi 20, nk'uko amakuru ya Drewry abigaragaza, impuzandengo y'ubukererwe muri Los Angeles Port ni iminsi 7, uburenganzira bwo kwishyura ibicuruzwa kuri gasutamo + FBA mu bubiko busanzwe bufata iminsi 5, kandi ihindagurika ry'ubwikorezi ribarwa nk'iminsi 4:
Ingendo yose = 20 + 7 + 4 + 5 = iminsi 36
Ibi bivuze ko abagurisha bagomba guteganya ububiko bwabo bashingiye ku minsi 36, atari iminsi 25 (igihe gisanzwe + kwishyura gasutamo no kubika ibicuruzwa), kugira ngo birinde kubura aho babibika kubera gutinda.

Icyibutso cy'ingenzi: Gushyira ibicuruzwa mu bubiko bwa FBA bisaba ko byakorwa mbere y'igihe. Niba ubucucike bw'ibyambu butuma igihe cyo kuhagera gitinda, ugomba kuvugana n'umufatanyabikorwa wawe mu by'ubwikorezi (nka Brand Empowerer) ku gihe kugira ngo uhindure gahunda yo kubikoresha kugira ngo wirinde ko ibintu "bigera ku cyambu ariko ntibishobore kwinjira mu bubiko."

2. Inzira ikoreshwa mu gushakisha inzira: Ntukishingikirize ku cyambu kimwe, komeza inzira zindi mbere y'igihe
Iyo ibyambu byo ku nkombe y'Iburengerazuba byuzuye abantu benshi, "gutegereza icyambu kimwe igihe kitazwi" ntacyo bivuze kurusha "guhinduranya inzira mu buryo bworoshye." Ibisubizo bibiri bikurikira bishobora gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu buryo butaziguye:

Igisubizo cya 1: Hindura ukoreshe "ibyambu bidafite abantu benshi" mu gace kamwe
Urugero, iyo Inkombe y'Iburengerazuba ya Amerika yuzuye abantu benshi, ushobora guhitamo:
Icyambu cya Seattle mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (ikigero cy'umuvuduko ni 40% gusa bya Los Angeles Port), hanyuma bigatwara ibicuruzwa mu bubiko bwa California FBA hakoreshejwe ikamyo (igihe cyo kubitwara ni iminsi 2-3, kandi ikiguzi cyose kiri munsi ya 15% ugereranyije na Los Angeles Port);
Icyambu cya Manzanillo muri Megizike (kitarimo imisoro imwe n'imwe yo mu gihugu muri Amerika), aho ibicuruzwa bijyanwa mu mahanga bijyanwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika binyuze ku butaka, bibera mu bubiko bwa FBA mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba bwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (nka Arizona na Texas). Igisubizo cya 2: Ubwikorezi bwambukiranya inkombe kugira ngo wirinde ahantu hahurira abantu benshi.
Niba icyambu cya Rotterdam mu Burayi cyuzuyemo abantu benshi, ushobora guhitamo:
Icyambu cya Hamburg ku nkombe y'iburasirazuba bw'Uburayi (niba umubare w'ibicuruzwa biri hasi), cyangwa icyambu cya Piraeus mu Bugereki, hanyuma bigashyirwa ibicuruzwa mu bubiko bwa FBA mu Budage no mu Bufaransa binyuze muri gari ya moshi yo mu Burayi;
Icyambu cya Savannah cyangwa icyambu cya New York ku nkombe y'iburasirazuba bwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (nubwo igihe cyo kohereza mu mazi ari kirekire kurusha icyambu cy'iburengerazuba cy'iminsi 7-10, gutinda k'umubyigano ni kimwe cya gatatu gusa cy'icyambu cy'iburengerazuba, bigatuma uruziga rwose rugenzurwa neza).
Inkunga y'Abatanga Serivisi: Serivisi yacu ya FBA DDP ikora ku byambu birenga 20 ku isi, idufasha guhindura inzira nziza ku bagurisha hashingiwe ku makuru y'ubwinshi bw'abaguzi mu gihe nyacyo, ariko tugakomeza kubahiriza amabwiriza ya DDP mu gihe cyose cy'ibikorwa (nta mafaranga ahishwe).

3. Gutunganya ububiko bw'ibikoresho: "Gukwirakwiza Ibigega mu Mahanga" mu rwego rwo kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku cyambu
Ingamba y'ingenzi ni ukugabanya kwishingikiriza ku murongo umwe "wo kuva mu bubiko ujya mu bundi buryo" no kugera ku buryo bworoshye bwo kubika ibintu binyuze mu "gukwirakwiza ububiko mu mahanga":

Intambwe ya 1: Kohereza igice cy'ububiko mu mahanga mu gihugu cyagenewe mbere y'igihe
Urugero, ku isoko ryo muri Amerika, mbere y’uko ibintu biba byinshi ku cyambu cya Los Angeles, 30% by’ibikoresho bishobora koherezwa mu bubiko bw’ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi buhuriweho na Brand Empowerer muri California. Iyo ibintu byinshi ku cyambu bitinze mu bubiko bwa FBA, ibicuruzwa bishobora kongera gukurwa mu bubiko bw’ububiko bw’ubucuruzi mu mahanga bijya muri FBA, bigatuma igihe cyo kubigeza kigabanuka kikagera ku minsi 2-3.

Intambwe ya 2: Kubika imigabane y'umutekano ishingiye ku "biciro by'ibicuruzwa"
Niba ibicuruzwa bifite ingano y’ibicuruzwa 100 ku munsi, kandi ububiko bwa FBA buriho ubu bukaba ari 500, hamwe n’igihe cyo kongeramo ibintu gisanzwe cy’iminsi 30, hakenewe ububiko bw’umutekano bw’"iminsi 30 yo kugurisha + iminsi 15 yo gusibanganya ibintu", ni ukuvuga gutegura 100* (30+15) + 500 = 5000 mbere y’igihe kugira ngo hirindwe ko ububiko bubura bitewe n’ubucucike.

Intambwe ya 3: Koresha "Ubufatanye mu Mazu menshi" kugira ngo utandukanye ibyago
Urugero, ku isoko ry'i Burayi, ububiko bwo mu mahanga bushobora gushyirwaho mu Budage, mu Bwongereza no mu Bufaransa icyarimwe. Iyo ubucucike ku cyambu cya Rotterdam bugize ingaruka ku bubiko bw'Abadage ba FBA, ibicuruzwa bishobora kwimurirwa mu bubiko bwo mu mahanga bw'Ubwongereza kugira ngo hirindwe ko ububiko bubura burundu mu Burayi bwose. IV. Inyigo y'Urugero: Guhinduka kuva ku "Gutinda gutinda" kugera ku "Gucunga by'agateganyo"

Umucuruzi w’ibicuruzwa byo mu rugo wambukiranya umupaka yahuye n’umuvuduko w’ibintu ku cyambu cya Los Angeles mbere y’uko Black Friday itangira mu 2023:
Ibicuruzwa, byari biteganijwe kuhagera ku ya 20 Ukwakira, byatinze kugeza ku ya 5 Ugushyingo kubera umuvuduko w’ibintu, bibura igihe cyo kubonana na FBA Black Friday;
Ibi byatumye haboneka amafaranga y’ibiciro byo kugabanya ibiciro by’ibiciro by’ibiciro by’ibiciro by’ibiciro by’ibiciro by’ibiciro by’ibiciro by’ibiciro by’ibiciro by’ibiciro byagabanutse mu gihe cya Black Friday, aho yatakaje arenga $100.000 mu bicuruzwa bye.

Mu 2024, umucuruzi yahinduye ingamba ze akoresheje uburyo bwo gutanga integuza n'igenamigambi bya Brand Empowerer:
Icyiciro cyo kuburira hakiri kare: Bakoresheje urubuga rwa Marine Exchange, babonye ukwiyongera k'umubyigano ku cyambu cya Los Angeles muri Nzeri maze bahindura gahunda yo kohereza ibicuruzwa iminsi 15 mbere y'uko biba;
Guhindura inzira: Bavuye ku nzira ya mbere ya Los Angeles bajya ku cyambu cya Seattle + inzira yo kohereza amakamyo kugira ngo birinde umubyigano;
Gutegura ububiko: Bohereje 20% by'ububiko bwabo bwa Black Friday mu bubiko bwo mu mahanga muri California nk'inyongera.
Amaherezo, ibicuruzwa byagejejwe mu bubiko ku ya 15 Ukwakira, bituma ububiko buhagije mu gihe cya Black Friday, bituma ibicuruzwa byiyongeraho 40% uko umwaka ugenda uhita kandi nta yandi mafaranga yiyongereyeho.

V. Mu gusoza: Gucunga ibyago ni inyungu y'igihe kirekire mu bijyanye n'ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka

Ubucucike bw'ibyambu byo ku nkombe y'Iburengerazuba ntibuzigera bushira; buzakomeza kwiyongera rimwe na rimwe bitewe n'ubwiyongere bw'ibicuruzwa n'ihindagurika ry'uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa. Ku bagurisha bo mu bihugu bihana imbibi, inyungu nyayo mu guhangana si "gushyira imbere ko nta bucucike bw'ibyambu," ahubwo ni "kwizeza ko ububiko bwinjira ku gihe kandi bugahoraho nubwo hari ubucucike."