Inyigisho ku byerekeye icyemezo cy'ibikinisho byashyizwe kuri Amazon

Ubuyobozi bwo kwemeza ibikoresho by'ibikinisho byashyizwe kuri Amazon: Isesengura ryuzuye ry'iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko ku isoko mpuzamahanga

Ku isoko ry’ibikinisho ku isi, Amazon, nk'urubuga rw'ingenzi rw’ubucuruzi bwa elegitoroniki bukorerwa ku mipaka, ifite ibisabwa bikomeye mu mutekano no kubahiriza amategeko ku bicuruzwa by’ibikinisho. Kugira ngo ifashe abakora ibikinisho n’abagurisha gushyira ibicuruzwa byabo ku rutonde rwiza kuri Amazon,

I. Isoko rya Amerika: Icyemezo cya CPC n'Icyitegererezo cya ASTM F963-23
(I) Ibisabwa by'ingenzi kugira ngo CPC ihabwe icyemezo
CPC (Icyemezo cy'ibicuruzwa by'abana) ni icyemezo gitegetswe gitangwa na Komisiyo ishinzwe umutekano w'ibicuruzwa by'abana muri Amerika (CPSC) ku bicuruzwa by'abana bari munsi y'imyaka 12. Kigomba gutangwa hashingiwe kuri raporo y'ikizamini cyavuye muri laboratwari yemewe na CPSC. Icyemezo gikubiyemo ibyiciro byose by'ibikinisho by'abana, harimo ibya pulasitiki, ibiti, plush, n'ibikinisho bisubiramo buhoro buhoro.
(II) Amakuru y'ingenzi kuri ASTM F963-23
Guhera ku ya 20 Mata 2024, ASTM F963-23 izasimbura verisiyo yabanje nk'amahame ngenderwaho agenga umutekano w'ibikinisho muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Amakuru y'ingenzi arimo:
Umutekano w’ibinyabutabire: Umubare wa phthalate zigenzurwa wariyongereye ugera ku munani, kandi amategeko agenga ikoreshwa ry’ibyuma biremereye bishongeshwa ahuzwa na CPSC.
Umutekano w'umubiri: Igice cy'aho bateri ishyirwa kigomba kuguma gifunze nyuma yo gutsinda ibizamini byo gukoresha nabi (nk'ibitonyanga no gusya) kugira ngo umwana atabona aho bijya.
Ibikinisho bya Projectile: Imiterere mishya yo gupima ingufu za kinetiki yongeweho kugira ngo hasobanurwe neza umuvuduko wa projectile n'ingano y'ingufu za kinetiki.
Ibisabwa mu gushyira ibirango: Ibirango byo gukurikirana bigomba kuba birimo itsinda ry’umusaruro n’ikode y’uruganda birakenewe.
(III) Ibisabwa byihariye ku byiciro bifite ibyago byinshi
Ku bicuruzwa bishobora guteza akaga gakomeye nk'ibikinisho bya elegitoroniki n'imipira y'amazi ya rukuruzi, Amazon yongeyeho politiki nshya yo kubahiriza amategeko mu Gushyingo 2024, isaba ko inyandiko zikurikira zitangwa bitarenze ku ya 2 Mutarama 2025:
Raporo y'ikizamini: Igomba gutangwa na laboratwari yemewe na CPSC kandi ikubiyemo ASTM F963-23, ibikubiye mu ruziga rwa CPSIA, imiburo y'ibice bito, n'ibindi.
Icyemezo cya CPC: Icyemezo na raporo y'ibizamini bigomba kuba bihuye neza n'icyitegererezo cy'ibicuruzwa n'imyaka y'ibicuruzwa.

II. Isoko ry'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi: Icyemezo cya CE n'Amahame ngenderwaho ya EN71
(I) Urufatiro rw'ibanze rw'impamyabumenyi ya CE
Icyemezo cya EU CE gishingiye ku Mabwiriza y'Ibikinisho 2009/48/EC kandi gisaba gutsinda urukurikirane rwa EN71 rw'ibizamini bisanzwe:
EN71-1: Isuzuma ry'imikorere ya mekanike n'iy'umubiri, harimo gutandukanya ibice bito, kumenya impande zishyushye, no kudahindagurika kw'imitwaro.
EN71-2: Isuzuma ry'uko umuriro udashobora gushya; urugero, igipimo cyo gutwika kw'ibikinisho binini kigomba kuba ≤30mm/s.
EN71-3: Gupima ibyuma 19 biremereye bishobora kwimuka (lead, cadmium, nibindi), hamwe n'ibipimo ntarengwa bigenwa hashingiwe ku myaka.
EN62115: Ibisabwa by'inyongera ku bikinisho by'amashanyarazi, bikubiyemo umutekano wa bateri, imikorere y'ubushyuhe, n'igeragezwa ry'umuyoboro w'amazi usohoka.
(II) Ibisabwa ku bijyanye no gutanga ikirango n'ibisabwa n'uhagarariye wemewe
Amakuru y’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi: Izina n’aderesi by’Uhagarariye Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi bigomba kwandikwa ku bicuruzwa no ku ipaki.
Imburo: Igicuruzwa kigomba kuba cyanditseho mu rurimi rwemewe rw'igihugu cyagurishijwemo. Urugero, "Imburo: Ntibikwiriye abana bari munsi y'imyaka 3" igomba kugaragara ku ibaraza rikuru.

III. Isoko rya Ositaraliya: AS/NZS ISO 8124 Standard
(I) Ibisabwa mu isuzuma ry'ibanze
Imiterere ya Mekanike n'Ibintu Bifatika: Gerageza ibice bito kugira ngo urebe ko biramba, ko bityaye, kandi ko bifite imbaraga zo mu mpeshyi hakurikijwe AS/NZS ISO 8124.1:2023.
Umutekano w'ibinyabutabire: Gabanya urujya n'uruza rw'ibyuma biremereye nka lisansi na mercure hakurikijwe AS/NZS ISO 8124.3:2021.
Ibyiciro byihariye:
Ibikinisho birimo bateri z'amabuto: Bigomba kubahiriza ibisabwa mu gukumira no gutanga ibirango by'umuburo biteganywa n'Amabwiriza agenga umutekano w'ibicuruzwa by'abaguzi.
Ibikinisho bya rukuruzi: Igipimo cy'urujya n'uruza rw'amakuru kigomba kuba ≤50 kG² mm² kugira ngo hirindwe ibyago byo kumira ku bw'impanuka.
(II) Ibisobanuro by'ibirango n'ibipfunyika
Imyaka: Garagaza neza imyaka wagenewe (urugero, "Ikwiriye abantu bafite amezi 36 no hejuru").
Itangazo ry'umuburo: Ririmo ibice bito kandi rigomba kwandikwaho "Akaga ko Kunyonga" hamwe n'uburebure bw'inyandiko ≥3.2mm.

IV. Uburyo bwo kubahiriza amategeko n'ingamba zo kugabanya ibyago
(I) Uburyo bwo kwemeza
Guhitamo Laboratwari: Shyira imbere laboratwari zifite icyemezo cya CPSC na ISO 17025.
Gutegura icyitegererezo: Tanga ingero zijyanye n'igurishwa. Ku ma model menshi, garagaza itandukaniro iryo ari ryo ryose.
Gupima no Gutanga Raporo: Uzuza ibizamini byose bifatika, ibinyabutabire, n'amashanyarazi, akenshi mu minsi 5-7 y'akazi.
Gutanga icyemezo: Gutegura icyemezo cya CPC cyangwa CE hashingiwe kuri raporo y'ikizamini, urebe ko cyuzuye kandi gihoraho.
(II) Ingingo z'ingenzi zo kugabanya ibyago
Gutunganya igishushanyo: Irinde ibice bito (umurambararo ≤ 31.7mm) kandi ukoreshe imiterere y'igice cya bateri gifunze.
Kugenzura Ibikoresho: Shyira imbere ibintu biri ku rutonde rw'ibigomba kurekurwa, nk'amakarito cyangwa plastiki zemejwe na RoHS.
Gucunga Inyandiko: Kubika raporo z'ibizamini, impapuro z'ibikoresho, n'ibishushanyo mbonera byibuze mu gihe cy'imyaka itanu kugira ngo byorohereze igenzura ry'aho CPSC ikorera.
(III) Ingingo z'ingenzi zo kugenzura urubuga
Uguhuza kw'urutonde: Ingano y'imyaka n'inomero y'icyitegererezo ku ipaji y'ibisobanuro by'ibicuruzwa bigomba kuba bihuye neza na raporo y'ikizamini.
Gukurikiza Ishusho: Shyira amashusho asobanutse neza y'ikirango cy'ibicuruzwa, imiburo, n'ikirango cyo gukurikirana.

V. Ingendo n'ibyifuzo by'ejo hazaza
(I) Gukurikirana Ibisanzwe
ASTM ubu irimo gukora ubushakashatsi ku bipimo by’umutekano ku bikinisho bigezweho n’ibikoresho bishya. Ibigo bigira inama yo kwiyandikisha kugira ngo bibone amakuru agezweho ya CEN/CPSC.
(II) Guhuza Impamyabumenyi z'Ibihugu Bitandukanye
Hitamo laboratwari ishyigikira "ikizamini kimwe, ibyemezo byinshi" kugira ngo ugabanye ikiguzi cyo gukoporora EU CE, US CPC, na AS/NZS yo muri Ositaraliya.
(III) Guhuza imiterere y'aho utuye
Hindura imvugo y'ibirango n'ibirimo by'umuburo ku masoko bigenewe. Urugero, kugaragaza "UMUBURO" muri Amerika n'ikimenyetso cya "CE" muri EU.

VI. Umwanzuro
Kubahiriza amategeko ku bikinisho byashyizwe kuri Amazon si inshingano zemewe n'amategeko gusa, ahubwo ni n'ingenzi mu guhangana n'ikirango. Kuva ku guhitamo ibikoresho mu cyiciro cyo gushushanya kugeza ku gucunga ibirango mu mpera z'igikorwa, amasosiyete agomba gushyiraho uburyo busesuye bwo kubahiriza amategeko kugira ngo yuzuze ibisabwa n'amategeko bihora bihinduka. Bitewe n'uko ibikinisho bigezweho n'ibikoresho by'icyatsi kibisi bikomeje gukundwa, amahame y'umutekano azakomeza gutera imbere. Nidukomeza impinduka mu buryo bwimbitse ni bwo dushobora gukomeza iterambere rihamye ku isoko ry'isi.