Indlela yokukhetha ibhodlela lokuncelisa umntwana

Indlela yokukhetha ibhodlela losana olusanda kuzalwa

1. Khetha izinto ezizosetshenziswa ebhodleleni lengane

1.1 Izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwengilazi Amabhodlela Ezingane
Amabhodlela ezingane engilazi zingenye yezinto zendabuko zebhodlela lezingane futhi zinezici ezilandelayo:
Izinzuzo:
Ukuphepha okuphezulu: Ingxenye eyinhloko yamabhodlela ezingane engilazi yi-silicon dioxide, enezakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezizinzile futhi ngeke ikhiphe izinto eziyingozi, okungeyona ingozi empilweni yezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa. Isibonelo, amabhodlela ezingane engilazi ahlolwe ngokuqinile ngeke akhiphe izinto eziyingozi njenge-bisphenol A ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu noma ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside njengamanye amabhodlela ezingane epulasitiki asetshenziswa ngendlela evamile.
Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu: Izinga lokushisa lokumelana nokushisa kwamabhodlela ezingane engilazi livame ukuba ngaphezu kuka-100℃, noma ngaphezulu nakakhulu, futhi lingamelana nokuhlanza okushisa okuphezulu njengokuhlanzwa komusi noma ukuhlanza okubilisa, okusiza ukugcina amabhodlela ezingane ehlanzekile futhi kunciphise ukukhula kwamagciwane, okwenza afaneleke ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa.
Kulula ukuyihlanza: Ubuso bengilazi bubushelelezi, futhi akulula ukushiya amabala obisi nephunga. Ingahlanzwa ngokuyihlanza ngamanzi ahlanzekile noma ngokuyixubha ngobumnene ngebhulashi lebhodlela, okunciphisa ingozi yokukhula kwamagciwane emabhodleleni ezingane.
Okubi:
Abuthakathaka: Amabhodlela engilazi enziwe ngezinto ezibuthakathaka futhi kulula ukuwaphula. Uma ewile, angase aphuke, okuyingozi enkulu. Ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuba ukuhamba kosana olusanda kuzalwa kukhuphuke kancane kancane, kubalulekile ukuqaphela kakhulu lapho usebenzisa amabhodlela engilazi.
Isisindo Esinzima: Ubuningi bengilazi buphakeme kakhulu, okwenza amabhodlela engilazi abe nzima kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kungaletha umthwalo othile kubazali noma kubanakekeli bezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa, ikakhulukazi uma zidla njalo.
Intengo ephezulu kakhulu: Uma kuqhathaniswa namabhodlela epulasitiki, amabhodlela engilazi anezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphakeme, ngakho-ke amanani awo emakethe nawo aphezulu kakhulu, okungase kwandise izindleko zokunakekela izingane zomndeni.
1.2 Izinhlobo nezici zamabhodlela epulasitiki
Amabhodlela epulasitiki nawo anendawo ebalulekile emakethe ngenxa yokukhanya kwawo kanye nezici zawo ezingenakuqhekeka. Amabhodlela epulasitiki avamile enziwe ngezinto ezilandelayo:
Amabhodlela e-polypropylene (PP):
Izici: Amabhodlela e-PP ayizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zamabhodlela epulasitiki emakethe. Anesimo esihle sokumelana nokushisa, futhi izinga lokushisa lokumelana nokushisa ngokuvamile licishe libe ngu-120°C, okungahlangabezana nezidingo zansuku zonke zokubulala amagciwane. Izinto ze-PP azinabo ubuthi futhi azinaphunga, futhi izakhiwo zazo zamakhemikhali zizinzile. Ngeke zikhiphe izinto eziyingozi ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusetshenziswa, futhi ziphephile futhi zithembekile ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. Isibonelo, amabhodlela e-PP aqinisekisiwe ngeke akhiphe amakhemikhali ayingozi ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa okuvamile njengamanye amabhodlela epulasitiki aphansi.
Izinzuzo: Amabhodlela e-PP alula, kulula ukuwaphatha nokuwasebenzisa, futhi afaneleka ukuthwalwa uma uphuma. Intengo yawo ishibhile futhi ingahlangabezana nezidingo zezomnotho zemindeni ehlukene.
Okubi: Nakuba amabhodlela e-PP enokumelana okuhle nokushisa, angase aguge ngezinga elithile, njengokushintsha kombala nokuguquka, ngemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa aphezulu noma ukuhlanza ngokuphindaphindiwe, okungase kuthinte impilo yokusebenza kanye nokuvalwa kwamabhodlela.
Amabhodlela e-Polycarbonate (PC):
Izici: Amabhodlela e-PC anezici zokukhanya okuphezulu, ukuthungwa okulula, ukumelana okunamandla komthelela, ukubukeka okuhle, kanye nobuningi bobisi obulula ukububona. Kodwa-ke, izinto ze-PC zingase zikhiphe i-bisphenol A (BPA) ngesikhathi sokushisa okuphezulu noma ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Leli yikhemikhali eliyingozi emzimbeni womuntu futhi lingathinta impilo yezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa. Njengamanje, amazwe amaningi nezifunda zivimbele noma zivimbele ukusetshenziswa kwamabhodlela e-PC aqukethe i-BPA.
Izinzuzo: Amabhodlela e-PC abonakala kalula, kulula ukuwabona inani lobisi, amelana nokushaywa ngamandla, akulula ukuwaphula, futhi afanele izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa.
Okubi: Ngenxa yezingozi ezingaba khona ze-bisphenol A, ukuphepha kwamabhodlela ezingane e-PC kuye kwangatshazwa futhi kwaqedwa kancane kancane yimakethe. Kodwa-ke, amanye amabhodlela ezingane e-PC angenayo i-bisphenol A nawo avele emakethe, kodwa intengo iphakeme kakhulu.
Amabhodlela ezingane e-polystyrene (PS):
Izici: Amabhodlela ezingane e-PS anokukhanya okuhle nokuqina, futhi intengo iphansi. Kodwa-ke, ukumelana nokushisa kwezinto ze-PS kubi, futhi ngokuvamile ingamelana namazinga okushisa angaba ngu-80°C. Ayifaneleki ukubulala amagciwane okushisa okuphezulu, ngaphandle kwalokho ingase ikhubaze noma ikhiphe izinto eziyingozi.
Izinzuzo: Amabhodlela ezingane e-PS ashibhile futhi afanele izidingo zezomnotho zeminye imindeni.
Okubi: Ngenxa yokumelana kwayo nokushisa okubi, ayikwazi ukuhlanza amagciwane emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, okungathinta ukuhlanzeka kwamabhodlela ezingane futhi kwandise ingozi yokutheleleka ngamagciwane ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa.
1.3 Izici zamabhodlela ezingane e-silicone
Amabhodlela ezingane e-silicone ayizinto ezivela ebhodleleni lezingane ezinezici ezilandelayo:
Izinzuzo:
Ukuphepha okuphezulu: Ingxenye eyinhloko yamabhodlela ezingane e-silicone yi-silicone, okuyizinto zokudla ezingenabo ubuthi, ezingenaphunga, futhi ezinezici zamakhemikhali ezizinzile. Ngeke ikhiphe izinto eziyingozi futhi iphephile futhi ithembekile empilweni yezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa. Isibonelo, amabhodlela ezingane e-silicone ahlolwe ngokuqinile ngeke akhiphe amakhemikhali ayingozi ngaphansi kokusetshenziswa okuvamile njengamanye amabhodlela ezingane epulasitiki.
Ukuthamba okuhle: Ukuthungwa kwamabhodlela obisi e-silicone kuthambile, okungazivumelanisa kangcono nomlomo wosana olusanda kuzalwa, kunciphise ukukhuthazwa komlomo wosana olusanda kuzalwa, futhi kukhululeke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuncelisa.
Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu: Izinga lokushisa lokumelana nokushisa kwamabhodlela obisi e-silicone livame ukuba ngaphezu kuka-200℃, futhi angamelana nokuhlanza ukushisa okuphezulu, njengokuhlanza umusi noma ukuhlanza okubilisa, okusiza ukugcina amabhodlela obisi ehlanzekile, ukunciphisa ukukhula kwamagciwane, futhi afanele izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa.
Akulula ukuguquguqula: Amabhodlela obisi e-silicone akulula ukuwaguquguqula ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa okuvamile, futhi angagcina ukuvalwa okuhle ukuze kugwenywe ukuvuza kobisi.
Okubi:
Intengo ephezulu: Izindleko zokukhiqiza amabhodlela obisi e-silicone ziphakeme kakhulu, ngakho-ke intengo yawo emakethe nayo iphakeme kakhulu, okungase kwandise izindleko zokunakekela izingane zomndeni.
Ukucaca okuphansi: Uma kuqhathaniswa namabhodlela obisi engilazi namabhodlela obisi e-PC, amabhodlela obisi e-silicone anokubonakala okuphansi, okungase kungabi lula ukubona inani lobisi, futhi kudingeka kunakekelwe kakhulu ukulawula umthamo wobisi ngesikhathi sokuncelisa.

2. Ukuma kanye nomthamo wamabhodlela obisi

2.1 Izimo ezisebenzayo zamabhodlela obisi anezimo ezahlukene
Izimo zamabhodlela obisi ziyahlukahluka, kanti ezivamile ziqondile, zigobile futhi zinomlomo obanzi. Izimo ezahlukene zifanelekela izimo ezahlukene zokudla nezidingo.
Ibhodlela lobisi eliqondile:
Izici: Amabhodlela obisi anemigqomo eqondile ayisimo sebhodlela lobisi sendabuko kakhulu, anesikhala sangaphakathi esijwayelekile, esilungele ukubonwa kwenani lobisi futhi okulula ukusihlanza. Isibonelo, ubukhulu bebhodlela lobisi elinemigqomo eqondile bucacile, futhi abazali bangalawula ngokunembile inani lobisi olunikezwayo.
Izimo ezisebenzayo: Amabhodlela obisi anemigqomo eqondile afanele ukusetshenziswa ekhaya, ikakhulukazi lapho ukuncelisa izinsana kuphakeme, okuyinto elula ngabazali ukulungiselela nokuncelisa ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhodlela obisi anemigqomo eqondile azinzile kangcono futhi akulula ukuwagumbuqela uma ebekwa etafuleni, okuyinto efanele izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa ukuba ziyisebenzise endaweni ethule.
Ibhodlela lobisi eligobile:
Izici: Umklamo webhodlela lobisi eligobile ufanelana kangcono nezandla nomlomo wezingane ezisanda kuzalwa, futhi ungalingisa kangcono ukuma kokuncelisa. Umklamo walo ogobile unganciphisa amathuba okugwinya umoya kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa futhi unciphise ingozi yokuqunjelwa. Isibonelo, ibhodlela lobisi eligobile lingenza izindebe zosana olusanda kuzalwa zilingane kangcono nengono lapho luncelisa, kuncishiswe ukuchichima kobisi.
Izimo ezisebenzayo: Ibhodlela lobisi eligobile lifanele ukusetshenziswa lapho uphuma noma uhamba, ngoba ukwakheka kwalo kulula ukuthi izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa zizibambe zodwa, futhi abazali bangazinakekela kalula izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhodlela eligobile lifanele nezinsana ezidinga ukushintsha izikhundla zokudla njalo, futhi linganikeza ulwazi lokuncelisa olukhululekile.
Ibhodlela elinomlomo obanzi:
Izici: Ibhodlela elinomlomo omkhulu linomlomo omkhulu, okulula ukwengeza i-milk powder kanye nokuhlanza. Ukwakheka kwalo komlomo omkhulu kuvumela abazali ukuthi basebenzise ibhulashi lebhodlela ukuhlanza ngokuphelele ingaphakathi lebhodlela nokunciphisa amabala obisi kanye nezinsalela zamagciwane. Isibonelo, uma ufaka i-milk powder, ibhodlela elinomlomo omkhulu linganciphisa ukuchitheka kwe-milk powder futhi lithuthukise ukulula kokuncelisa.
Izimo ezisebenzayo: Amabhodlela anomlomo obanzi afanele izinsana ezidinga ukwengeza ubisi oluyimpuphu njalo noma ukudla okuhambisanayo, ikakhulukazi lapho inani lobisi oluyimpuphu lidinga ukulawulwa ngokunembile ngesikhathi senqubo yokondla izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhodlela anomlomo obanzi nawo afanele imindeni edinga ukuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane amabhodlela njalo. Ukwakheka kwawo komlomo obanzi kwenza kube lula ngabazali ukuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane.
2.2 Ukukhetha umthamo webhodlela losana olusanda kuzalwa
Amandla esisu ezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa mancane, futhi akhula kancane kancane njengoba iminyaka ikhula, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha ibhodlela elinamandla afanele.
Isikhathi sokuqala sokuzalwa kwengane (izinyanga ezingu-0-3):
Izici: Ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala ngemva kokuzalwa, amandla esisu ezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa mancane kakhulu, ngokuvamile aphakathi kuka-30-120 ml. Isibonelo, amandla esisu ezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa ngosuku lokuqala ngemva kokuzalwa angama-5-7 ml kuphela, futhi akhula kancane kancane ngokwanda kwezinsuku.
Ukukhetha umthamo: Kubantwana abasanda kuzalwa kulesi sigaba, kunconywa ukukhetha ibhodlela elinomthamo ongu-120-150 ml. Lo mthamo webhodlela ungahlangabezana nezidingo zezingane ezisanda kuzalwa ngokudla ngakunye ngaphandle kokubangela ukungcola. Isibonelo, izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zivame ukudinga ubisi olungama-60-100 ml ngokudla ngakunye, kanti ibhodlela elingu-120-150 ml lingasiza abazali ukuba balungise ngokwezidingo zezingane ezisanda kuzalwa.
Isikhathi esiphakathi nokuzalwa komntwana (izinyanga ezi-3-6):
Izici: Amandla esisu ezinsana ezineminyaka engu-3-6 ayanda kancane kancane, kanti nenani lobisi olunikezwa isikhathi ngasinye nalo liyanda ngokufanele. Isibonelo, inani lobisi olunikezwa isikhathi ngasinye ezinsana ezineminyaka engu-3-6 ngokuvamile licishe libe ngu-120-180 ml.
Ukukhetha umthamo: Kubantwana abasanda kuzalwa kulesi sigaba, kunconywa ukukhetha ibhodlela elinomthamo ongu-180-240 ml. Lo mthamo webhodlela ungahlangabezana nezidingo zezingane ezisanda kuzalwa ngokudla ngakunye, futhi unganciphisa inani lokuphakelwa futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokuphakelwa. Isibonelo, ibhodlela elingu-180-240 ml lingavumela izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ukuthi zithole ubisi olwanele ekuphekweni kanye, kugwenywe ukungakhululeki okubangelwa ukuphakelwa njalo.
Isikhathi sokubeletha sekwephuzile (ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezingu-6):
Izici: Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ezingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala ziqala ukwengeza kancane kancane ukudla okuhambisanayo, kodwa ubisi lusewumthombo obalulekile wokudla okunomsoco. Isibonelo, inani lobisi olunikezwa izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ezingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala ngokuvamile licishe libe ngu-180-240 ml ngokudla ngakunye, futhi ukwengezwa kokudla okuhambisanayo kuzothinta nenani lobisi olunikezwa izingane ezisanda kuzalwa.
Ukukhetha umthamo: Kubantwana abasanda kuzalwa kulesi sigaba, kunconywa ukuthi bakhethe ibhodlela elinomthamo ongu-240-300 ml. Lo mthamo webhodlela ungahlangabezana nesidingo sosana olusanda kuzalwa sobisi ngemva kokufaka ukudla okuhambisanayo, futhi kulula futhi ngabazali ukuzivumelanisa nokudla kosana olusanda kuzalwa. Isibonelo, ibhodlela elingu-240-300 ml lingavumela izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ukuthi zithole ubisi olwanele ekondleni okukodwa, futhi kulula futhi ngabazali ukulungisa inani lobisi lapho befaka ukudla okuhambisanayo.

3. Ukukhetha i-pacifier

3.1 Ukuqhathaniswa kwezinto zokufaka i-pacifier (i-silicone ne-latex)
Izinto zokubopha i-pacifier ikakhulukazi ziyi-silicone ne-latex, ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nokungalungi kwayo.
Isifutho se-silicone:
Izinzuzo: Ama-pacifiers e-silicone athambile futhi asondelene nobisi lwebele, okunganciphisa ukumelana kwezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa. Amelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi angamelana namazinga okushisa okubulala inzalo angaphezu kuka-120°C. Akulula ukuwashintsha futhi anempilo ende yenkonzo. Isibonelo, ngemva kokubulala inzalo kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu, ama-pacifiers e-silicone asengagcina ukuqina nokuma okuhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-pacifiers e-silicone awalunywa kalula yizinsana ezisanda kuzalwa futhi aphephile kakhulu.
Okubi: Ukuqina kwama-silicone pacifiers kubi kancane kunokwama-latex pacifiers, okungase kuthinte umphumela wokumunca kwezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa. Intengo yawo iphakeme kancane kuneyama-latex pacifiers, okwandisa izindleko zokunakekela izingane.
I-Latex pacifier:
Izinzuzo: Ama-latex pacifiers anokunwebeka okuhle futhi angazivumelanisa kangcono namandla okuncela ezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa, okuvumela izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa ukuthi zincele kahle. Intengo yayo iphansi kakhulu, okunganciphisa umthwalo wezomnotho emndenini.
Okubi: Ama-nipple e-latex anamandla okumelana nokushisa okuphezulu futhi ngokuvamile angamelana namazinga okushisa acishe abe ngu-80°C. Ukuhlanza amazinyo ngokushisa okuphezulu kungabangela ukuthi aguge futhi aguge kalula, okunciphisa isikhathi sawo sokusebenza. Isibonelo, ngemva kokuhlanza amazinyo ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokushisa okuphezulu, ama-nipple e-latex azoba lukhuni futhi aqhekeke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-nipple e-latex alula ukulunywa yizingane ezisanda kuzalwa, okubeka izingozi zokuphepha, futhi ezinye izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zingase zibe nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba kuzo.
3.2 Ukufaniswa kohlobo lwembobo yengono kanye nesivinini sokugeleza
Ukuqondanisa uhlobo lwembobo yengono kanye nesivinini sokugeleza kwayo kubalulekile ekondleni izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa.
Ama-nipples anezimbobo eziyindilinga:
Imbobo encane eyindilinga: ifanele izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ezisesigabeni sokuqala (izinyanga ezingu-0-3). Ingono encane eyindilinga inesilinganiso esincane sokugeleza, okungavimbela izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ukuthi zingaminyani ngenxa yokugeleza kobisi ngokweqile. Isibonelo, uma usebenzisa imbobo encane eyindilinga, ubisi luzophuma ngethonsi, futhi ingane esanda kuzalwa ingalawula kalula isivinini sokumunca ukuze inciphise ingozi yokuminyanisa.
Imbobo eyindilinga ephakathi: ifanele izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa esigabeni esiphakathi (izinyanga ezi-3-6). Ingono eyindilinga ephakathi inesilinganiso sokugeleza esimaphakathi, esingahlangabezana nesidingo sobisi esikhula kancane kancane sezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa, futhi ngeke sibangele ukugeleza kobisi ngokweqile. Isibonelo, uma usebenzisa imbobo eyindilinga ephakathi, ubisi lungaphuma ngesilinganiso sokugeleza esizinzile, futhi usana olusanda kuzalwa lungamunca kahle, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokudla.
Imbobo enkulu eyindilinga: ifanele ukusetshenziswa esigabeni sokugcina sezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa (ezingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyi-6). Ingono enkulu eyindilinga inesilinganiso esikhulu sokugeleza, esingahlangabezana nesidingo esikhulu sobisi lwengane esanda kuzalwa futhi senze kube lula ukuphakelwa ngokushesha. Isibonelo, ngemva kokufaka ukudla okuhambisanayo, isikhathi sokuphakelwa kwezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa sincishisiwe, kanti imbobo enkulu eyindilinga ingasiza ekuqedeni ukuphakelwa ngokushesha futhi yonge isikhathi.
Ingono enesibuko esiphambeneyo:
Izici: Ukwakheka kwembobo yengono enesibuko esiphambeneyo kuhlukile, futhi izinga lokugeleza lingalungiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokuya ngamandla okumunca kosana olusanda kuzalwa. Lapho usana lumunca kakhulu, izinga lokugeleza kobisi liyakhuphuka; lapho usana luyeka ukumunca, izinga lokugeleza kobisi liyancipha noma liyayeka. Lo mklamo ungagwema ngempumelelo ukungcola kobisi kanye nokuminyana kosana olusanda kuzalwa.
Izimo ezisebenzayo: Ingono enesibuko esiphambene ifanelekela izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa kuzo zonke izigaba, ikakhulukazi izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa ezinekhono lokuncela elibuthakathaka noma amandla okuncela angazinzile. Isibonelo, izinsana ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma izinsana ezibuthakathaka zisebenzisa izingono ezinesibuko esiphambene ukulungisa ukugeleza kobisi ngokwekhono lazo lokuncela nokunciphisa ubunzima bokudla.

4. Amanye amaphuzu okuthenga
4.1 Ukubaluleka komklamo wokulwa nokuqunjelwa
Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla lwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa alukakathuthuki ngokugcwele, futhi zivame ukugwinya umoya ngesikhathi zincelisa, okungabangela ukuqunjelwa, ukuqunjelwa ngisho nobuhlungu besisu, okuthinta induduzo yazo kanye nekhwalithi yokulala. Amabhodlela okuvimbela ukuqunjelwa anganciphisa ngempumelelo ukwenzeka kwalezi zinkinga.
Isimiso: Amabhodlela okulwa nokuqunjelwa avame ukusebenzisa umklamo okhethekile wesakhiwo, njengohlelo lukaDkt. Brown lokuqondisa umoya, oluhlukanisa umoya nobisi ngokubeka ithubhu lokuqondisa umoya noma ivalvu yokuqondisa umoya ngaphakathi ebhodleleni, ukuze umoya ukhishwe kahle futhi uvimbele umoya ukungena esiswini sosana olusanda kuzalwa.
Umphumela: Ngokusho kocwaningo lwemakethe, ukwanda kokuqunjelwa kwesisu ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa ezisebenzisa amabhodlela okulwa nokuqunjelwa kuphansi cishe ngo-30% kunamabhodlela avamile. Isibonelo, amabhodlela kaDkt. Brown okulwa nokuqunjelwa asebenza kahle ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, futhi abazali abaningi babika ukuthi ayasebenza ekunciphiseni ukuqunjelwa kwesisu kwezinsana futhi angasiza izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ukuba zidle ngokukhululeka.
Izimo ezisebenzayo: Kwabasanda kuzalwa, ikakhulukazi izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma izinsana ezinezinhlelo zokugaya ezibucayi, amabhodlela okulwa nokuqunjelwa yisisu ayindlela yokuqala yokukhetha. Isibonelo, uhlelo lokugaya lwezingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi lubuthakathaka kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa amabhodlela okulwa nokuqunjelwa kunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukungakhululeki okubangelwa ukuqunjelwa futhi kukhuthaze ukukhula kwazo okunempilo.
4.2 Kulula ukuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane amabhodlela obisi
Ukuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane emabhodleleni obisi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuvikela impilo yezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa. Ukukhetha amabhodlela obisi okulula ukuwahlanza nokubulala amagciwane kunganciphisa ukukhula kwamagciwane futhi kunciphise ingozi yokutheleleka kwezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa.
Ukulula kokuhlanza: Ukuma kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswa ebhodleleni lobisi kuzothinta ukulula kokuhlanza. Isibonelo, ibhodlela lobisi elinomlomo omkhulu linomlomo omkhulu, okulula ukusebenzisa ibhulashi lebhodlela ukuhlanza ngokuphelele ingaphakathi nokunciphisa izinsalela zamabala obisi namagciwane. Ubuso bebhodlela lobisi lengilazi bubushelelezi, futhi akulula ukushiya amabala obisi, ngakho-ke kulula kakhulu ukulihlanza. Ngokusho kwempendulo yabasebenzisi, ibhodlela lobisi lengilazi elinomlomo omkhulu lithole amaphuzu aphezulu ekuhlanzeni kalula futhi linganciphisa ngempumelelo ubunzima bokuhlanza.
Ubulula bokubulala amagciwane: Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokuqina kwezinto zebhodlela lobisi kunquma ubulula balo bokubulala amagciwane. Amabhodlela obisi engilazi kanye namabhodlela obisi e-silicone anezinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokumelana nokushisa futhi angamelana nokubulala amagciwane okushisa okuphezulu, njengokubulala amagciwane ngomusi noma ukubulala amagciwane okubilayo, futhi umphumela wokubulala amagciwane uphelele. Nakuba amanye amabhodlela epulasitiki (njengamabhodlela e-PP) angamelana nokubulala amagciwane okushisa okuphezulu, angase aguge ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Ngokusho kocwaningo lwemakethe, ukwaneliseka kwabasebenzisi kwamabhodlela engilazi namabhodlela e-silicone ngokuya ngobulula nokuphepha kokubulala amagciwane kufinyelele ku-90% kanye no-85% ngokulandelana.
Ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo: Ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke, ukukhetha amabhodlela okulula ukuwahlanza nokuwabulala amagciwane kungonga isikhathi namandla abazali, kuyilapho kuvikela kangcono impilo yezingane ezisanda kuzalwa. Isibonelo, emindenini edinga ukuhlanza nokuwabulala amagciwane njalo amabhodlela, amabhodlela engilazi anomlomo obanzi ayisinqumo esifanele, esingaqinisekisa kokubili umphumela wokuhlanza kanye nokuphepha kokubulala amagciwane.

5. Isifinyezo
Uma ukhetha amabhodlela ezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa, kunezinto eziningi okudingeka zicatshangelwe ngokuphelele ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha, ukusebenza kanye nenduduzo yamabhodlela.
Ngokuphathelene nezinto zokwakha, amabhodlela engilazi aphephile, awashisi futhi kulula ukuwahlanza, kodwa ayashesha, ayasinda futhi ayabiza kakhulu; amabhodlela e-polypropylene (PP) alula futhi ayathengeka, kodwa angaguga ngemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa aphezulu; amabhodlela e-polycarbonate (PC) acacile kakhulu futhi awathinteki, kodwa kunengozi yokukhululwa kwe-bisphenol A futhi kancane kancane asuswa emakethe; amabhodlela e-polystyrene (PS) ashibhile, kodwa anokumelana nokushisa okubi futhi awafaneleki ukuhlanza izinyo lokushisa eliphezulu; amabhodlela e-silicone aphephile, athambile futhi awavimbeli ukushisa, kodwa ayabiza futhi awabonisi kukhanya kangako. Abazali bangakhetha izinto ezifanele ngokwezidingo zabo kanye nezimo zomnotho.
Ngokuma kanye nomthamo webhodlela, ibhodlela eliqondile lifanele ukusetshenziswa ekhaya, okuyinto elula ukubheka inani lobisi kanye nokuhlanza; ibhodlela eligobile lifanele ukusetshenziswa lapho uphuma noma uhamba, okuyinto elula ukuthi izinsana zibambe futhi inganciphisa ingozi yokuqunjelwa; ibhodlela elinomlomo obanzi kulula ukulifaka ubisi oluyimpuphu futhi lihlanze. Esigabeni sokuqala sezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa (izinyanga ezingu-0-3), kunconywa ukukhetha ibhodlela elinomthamo ongu-120-150 ml; esigabeni esiphakathi (izinyanga ezingu-3-6), khetha ibhodlela elinomthamo ongu-180-240 ml; esigabeni sokugcina (izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-6), khetha ibhodlela elinomthamo ongu-240-300 ml.
Ukukhetha i-nipple nakho kubalulekile. Ama-nipple e-silicone athambile, amelana nokushisa futhi akulula ukuwashintsha, kodwa awanwebeki kahle futhi abiza kakhulu; ama-nipple e-latex anokunwebeka okuhle futhi ashibhile, kodwa awamelani nokushisa okuphezulu futhi kulula ukuwaluma. Ngokuphathelene nohlobo lwe-nipple hole, ama-nipple anezimbobo eziyindilinga ahlukaniswe abe amancane, aphakathi nendawo kanye namakhulu, afanele izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zobudala obuhlukene; ama-nipple anomumo ophambanayo angalungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo izinga lokugeleza ngokuya ngamandla okumunca, afanele izingane ezisanda kuzalwa kuzo zonke izigaba.
Ngokuphathelene nomkhiqizo kanye nentengo, imikhiqizo eyaziwayo efana nePigeon, Dr. Brown, kanye nePhilips Avent ivelele ngekhwalithi yayo enhle kakhulu kanye nedumela elihle. Amabhodlela anamanani ahlukene anezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwawo. Amabhodlela anentengo ephansi ayonga futhi angahlangabezana nezidingo eziyisisekelo; amabhodlela anentengo ephakathi ayasebenza kahle futhi anezinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokwakha kanye nemiklamo; amabhodlela anentengo ephezulu anekhwalithi kanye nemisebenzi emihle kakhulu, kodwa intengo iphakeme kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhodlela anomklamo wokulwa nokuqunjelwa anganciphisa ngempumelelo ukuvela kokuqunjelwa ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, okubaluleke kakhulu ezinganeni ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ezisanda kuzalwa ezinezinhlelo zokugaya ezibucayi. Ukulula kokuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane amabhodlela akufanele kunganakwa. Amabhodlela anomlomo obanzi namabhodlela engilazi asebenza kangcono kulokhu.
Ngamafuphi, lapho ukhetha amabhodlela ezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa, kufanele ucabangele izici ezahlukahlukene ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yengane, izidingo zokudla, izimo zomnotho zomndeni, kanye nezintandokazi zezinto zokusetshenziswa kwebhodlela, ukuma, umthamo, izingono, njll., bese ukhetha ibhodlela elifanele kakhulu ukuqinisekisa impilo yengane esanda kuzalwa kanye nokulula kokuyipha.