Uburyo bwo kwemeza ko amagare yawe yujuje ibisabwa mpuzamahanga by'umutekano

Intangiriro
Amagare ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi ku bana bato n'impinja, kandi umutekano wawo ufitanye isano itaziguye n'ubuzima n'umutekano w'abana. Bitewe n'ubwiyongere bw'ibikenewe ku isoko no gutandukana kw'ibicuruzwa, kwemeza ko amagare yujuje ibisabwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga by'umutekano byabaye ikintu cy'ingenzi mu nganda. Iyi nkuru izagaragaza amahame mpuzamahanga y'umutekano n'ibyo asaba mu buryo burambuye, kandi isuzume uburyo bwo kwemeza ko amagare yujuje ibi bisabwa mu gihe cyo gushushanya, gukora, gupima no kwemeza.

Incamake y'Amahame Mpuzamahanga y'Umutekano
ISO 31110:2020 Isanzwe
ISO 31110:2020 ni amahame mpuzamahanga agena imiterere, inganda, imikorere n'umutekano, ndetse n'uburyo bwo gupima amagare y'abagendera ku mapine (harimo amagare y'abagendera ku mapine n'imodoka ziguruka). Aya mahame ashimangira ingingo zikurikira:
Ibisabwa mu gishushanyo: Igishushanyo cy'akagare k'abana kigomba gutuma umwana agira umutekano, ihumure n'ubworoherane. Urugero, intebe igomba kuba ijyanye n'imiterere y'umubiri w'umwana kandi igatanga ubufasha buhagije, kandi amapine agomba kuba yoroshye kandi adafite impande zityaye.
Ubwiza bw'inganda: Abakora ibikoresho bagomba gutanga ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko inzira yabo yo gukora ikurikiza amabwiriza, harimo ubwiza bw'ibikoresho, kugenzura inzira yo gukora no guhuza neza.
Ibisabwa mu mikorere: Uburyo bwo kugenda, guhagarara neza, uburyo bwo gufunga no gufunguka bw'igare, n'ibindi bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa.
Ibisabwa mu mutekano: Akagare kagomba kuba kujuje ibisabwa mu by'amashanyarazi, kurinda inkongi, kurinda kugwa n'ibindi bisabwa, kandi gatanga imiburo n'amabwiriza bihagije.
Uburyo bwo gupima: Ihame risanzwe rigaragaza uburyo bwo gupima igishushanyo mbonera, ubuziranenge bw'inganda, imikorere n'umutekano.

ASTM F833-19 Standard (Amerika)
Amahame ngenderwaho ya ASTM F833-19 yo muri Amerika ashyiraho amabwiriza akomeye ku gishushanyo n'ikorwa rya Akagare k'abanas, harimo:
Guhagarara: Akagare kagomba kuba gafite ubushobozi bwo kuguma gahagaze neza kugira ngo kadahagarara cyangwa ngo kagame.
Sisitemu yo gufunga feri: Sisitemu yo gufunga feri igomba kuba yizewe kugira ngo umupira w'amaguru ushobore guhagarara neza ku nzira.
Uburyo bwo gufunga: Uburyo bwo kuzingira bw'igare bugomba kuba bufite igikoresho cyizewe cyo gufunga.
Ibipimo by'ibikoresho: Irangi n'ibice byoroshye kubona ku modoka bigomba kubahiriza ingano y'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma n'ibipimo bya phthalate.
Ibisabwa mu gushyira ibirango: Ibicuruzwa bigomba kuba byanditseho amakuru ajyanye no kuramba no gupima, harimo n'ibirango byo kubikurikirana n'amakarita yo kwiyandikisha.

EN 1888-1:2018 Igipimo ngenderwaho (EU)
Amahame ngenderwaho ya EN 1888-1:2018 y’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi arengera umutekano w’amagare n’intebe zigenderaho mu bijyanye n’imiterere, ibikoresho, imiterere n’ikoreshwa, harimo:
Imbaraga z’inyubako: Amagare agomba kuba afite imbaraga zihagije z’inyubako kugira ngo yihanganire igitutu n’ingaruka zo gukoreshwa igihe kirekire.
Imikorere ya feri: sisitemu yo feri igomba gukomeza kuba yizewe mu bihe bitandukanye by'ibidukikije.
Ubushobozi bwo kwirinda kugwa: Amagare agomba kuba afite ubushobozi bwo kwirinda kugwa, cyane cyane ahantu hatangana.
Umutekano w'ibikoresho: ibikoresho by'igare bigomba kuzuza ibisabwa ku bidukikije no ku buzima.

GB 14748-2006 Standard (Ubushinwa)
Amahame ngenderwaho ya GB 14748-2006 yo mu Bushinwa agaragaza ibisabwa mu mutekano ku bana bagendera ku ngobyi, nk'imiterere ya mekanike n'iy'umubiri, ibintu bishobora kwimuka, n'imikorere y'umuriro, harimo:
Ubwiza bw'ibikoresho: ibikoresho byo mu igare bigomba kuzuza ibisabwa kandi birinda gukoresha ibikoresho birimo ibyuma biremereye.
Imbaraga z’inyubako: Intebe z’abagendera ku maguru zigomba kuba zifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo no kuramba bihagije.
Sisitemu yo gufunga feri: Sisitemu yo gufunga feri igomba kuba yizewe kugira ngo umupira w'amaguru udacika ku nzira.
Igikoresho cyo gufunga umutekano: Uburyo bwo kuzingira bw'igare bugomba kuba bufite igikoresho cyo gufunga cyizewe.
Uburyo bwo kwemeza ko umupira w'amaguru wujuje ibisabwa mpuzamahanga by'umutekano
Icyiciro cy'igishushanyo
Iyubahirizwa ry’amahame ngenderwaho: Mu gihe cyo gushushanya, abakora bagomba gukurikiza amabwiriza mpuzamahanga y’umutekano kugira ngo barebe ko igishushanyo mbonera cy’akagare kujuje ibisabwa byose.
Isesengura ry'ibikenewe n'abakoresha: Tekereza ku byo abana b'ingeri zitandukanye bakeneye kugira ngo barebe ko igishushanyo mbonera cy'akagare k'abana gishobora kuzuza ibisabwa mu mutekano no gutanga uburambe bwo kugakoresha neza.
Icyiciro cyo gukora
Guhitamo ibikoresho: Hitamo ibikoresho byujuje ibisabwa ku bidukikije n'ubuzima, kandi wirinde gukoresha ibikoresho birimo ibyuma biremereye cyangwa imiti yangiza.
Kugenzura ibikorwa byo gukora: Kugenzura ko ibikorwa byo gukora byujuje ibisabwa, harimo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho, gukoresha neza imiterere yabyo no guhuza ibikorwa.
Icyiciro cy'igerageza
Isuzuma rya laboratwari: Isuzuma ry’imikorere ya mekanike rikorwa hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bisanzwe, harimo isuzuma ryo kunama, isuzuma ryo kugwa no gusuzuma ingaruka kugira ngo harebwe ko umupira w’amaguru uhamye kandi uramba.
Isuzuma rihoraho: Gerageza uburyo umupira w'amaguru uhagaze n'uburyo ufata neza mu buryo bufatika, nko gupima ubushobozi bwo kwirinda kunyerera no guhagarara ku bintu binyerera.
Isuzuma ry'uburambe bw'umukoresha: Gukusanya ibitekerezo by'abaguzi kugira ngo urebe neza ko akagare kujuje ibisabwa mu mutekano no mu buryo bworoshye mu gihe gakoreshwa.

Icyiciro cyo kwemeza
Icyemezo cya CPC (Amerika): Kugenzura ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa n'amategeko ya leta ya Amerika kandi ugatanga icyemezo cya CPC kirimo ibisobanuro by'ibicuruzwa, amakuru y'umukozi wabikoze n'ibisubizo by'ibizamini by'undi muntu.
Icyemezo cya ISO (Ku rwego Mpuzamahanga): Yemeza icyemezo cya ISO 31110:2020 kugira ngo urebe ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga by’umutekano.
Icyemezo cya EN (EU): Gira icyemezo cya EN 1888-1:2018 kugira ngo urebe ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa mu mutekano wa EU.
Ubuyobozi bw'ibyo umuguzi agura
Reba ibimenyetso by'impamyabushobozi: Menya neza ko ibicuruzwa bifite ibimenyetso by'impamyabushobozi nk'icyemezo cya CPC, ISO cyangwa EN mugihe uguze.
Genzura ibikoresho n'ubukorikori: Menya neza ko ibikoresho by'igare rinini ridafite uburozi kandi nta ngaruka mbi bifite, kandi ko inzira yo kubikora ari nziza.
Isuzuma: Gerageza sisitemu ya feri y'igare, uburyo bwo kurizinga n'uburyo rihagaze mbere yo kugura kugira ngo urebe neza ko yujuje ibisabwa mu mutekano.

Umwanzuro
Ni inshingano zihuriweho n'abakora n'abaguzi kwemeza ko intebe y'abagendera ku maguru yujuje amahame mpuzamahanga y'umutekano. Mu gukurikiza igishushanyo mbonera, gukora, gupima no kwemeza, umutekano n'ubwizerwe bw'intebe z'abagendera ku maguru bishobora kunozwa neza, bigatuma abana bagira ingendo zitekanye. Mu gihe kizaza, hamwe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga no gukomeza kunoza amahame, inganda z'intebe z'abagendera ku maguru zizatera imbere mu cyerekezo gitekanye kandi cyiza.