Zeziphi iintlobo zeethoyi zokufundisa ezikhoyo?

01 Izitena zeLego Izitena zeLEGO zizinto zokudlala ezifundisayo ezithandwa ngabazali nabantwana. Zinemibala eyahlukeneyo nezimile ngendlela eyahlukileyo Iibhloko zokwakha enokwanelisa umdla wabantwana kwaye itsale ingqalelo yabo. Ukongeza, uyilo lwezitena ze-LEGO lulula kwaye kulula ukulufunda, nto leyo enceda ekuphuhliseni ulungelelwaniso lwesandla neliso lwabantwana. Ngokubeka iibhloko zokwakha ndawonye, ​​abantwana banokufumana ingcamango yendawo kwaye baphuhlise ngakumbi ulwimi lwabo, ukucinga kunye nokucinga. Ukongeza kwiLego, kukho ezinye iimpawu zebhloko zokwakha zemfundo ezithengiswayo, ezifana neebhloko zokwakha zeXiaomi, iibhloko zokwakha zeSenbao, iibhloko zokwakha zeXingbao, njl. Zikwanazo neendidi zemixholo etyebileyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabantwana abaneminyaka eyahlukeneyo.

02Izinto zokudlala zephazili

Udidi lweethoyi zephazili luquka ikakhulu iiphazili kunye neephazili zejigsaw, ezenzelwe ukuphucula amandla abantwana okuqonda imizobo nemibala. Ezi zinto zokudlala, ezifana neephazili zejigsaw, iiphazili zezilwanyana, njl.njl., azityebanga nje kuphela kwaye zahlukahlukene, kodwa zikwanzima ngokubanzi. Umzekelo, imidlalo efana ne-"T's Puzzle", "Hua Taro" kunye ne-"Six Puzzles" zonke zifuna abadlali ukuba bacinge ngaphandle kwebhokisi kwaye bangapheleli kwimilo yephazili. Ngezo zinto zokudlala, abantwana banokuphuhlisa ukucinga ngokuzimeleyo kunye nokunyamezela, ngelixa befunda iindlela ezintsha zokucinga. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha izinto zokudlala zephazili ezisemgangathweni olungileyo nezingeyongozi.

I-03Puzzle toy yithoyi yokufundisa egxile kwizakhono zabantwana zokuqonda, zokuhlalutya nezokuyila. Ayinakunceda abantwana kuphela ukuphucula amandla abo okubona nokuhlalutya iingxaki, kodwa ikwayithoyi yokufundisa abantwana abaselula ekhulisa amandla abantwana okubona amagama neemvakalelo. Ukuqala ngeephazili ezilula ezifana neapile okanye idada elincinci, umntwana unokuqhelana kancinci nemithetho yephazili. Njengoko abantwana beqhelana neephazili, banokucel’ umngeni kancinci kancinci kwiiphazili ezinzima ngakumbi, njengemizobo elula okanye iiphazili zamanani noonobumba, eziya kunceda abantwana baqonde ngcono amanani noonobumba besiArabhu. Ngokubanzi, amathoyizi ephazili anefuthe elihle kakhulu ekuphuhlisweni kwengqondo yabantwana.

Uhlobo lwendandatho ye-04

Phakathi kwezinto zokudlala ezifundisa ngeringi, iphazili ye-nine-link yeyona idumileyo. Yaqala kwiNgoma yeDynasty kwaye inemigaqo enzulu yokulandelelana. Ukuze utyhile iiNine Links, kufuneka ufumane imithetho, kungenjalo kuya kuba nzima ukuyityhila. Kwi-"Nineteen Links", ukuba usombulula inyathelo elinye ngomzuzwana, kuya kuthatha iintsuku ezingaphezu kwezine; ngelixa kwi-"Forty-nine Links," kuya kuthatha iminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezili-10. Ukongeza kwiNine Rings, kukwakho nemidlalo yezakhono efana neLongevity Ring, iFlower Basket Ring, iMaze, iiThree Plum Blossoms, iSilver Snake Dance, kunye neSilver Snake Tail Wagging. Zonke ziqulathe imigaqo enzulu yezibalo kwaye zinceda ekuphuhliseni nasekuphuculeni iingcinga zabantu zendawo. , izakhono zokucinga ezinengqondo kunye nohlalutyo lwezibalo.

05 Udidi lweeDoli zeKhathuniIithoyi zokufundisa ezifana noonodoli bekhathuni zithandwa kakhulu ngabantwana, zibenza bonwabe kwaye zithomalalise. Olu hlobo lweethoyi lufanelekile ngokukodwa kubazali ukuba bahambe nabantwana babo xa bexakekile ngenxa yeemilo zabo ezintle kunye nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, iidoli zokudlala zinokuvumela abantwana ukuba baxelise imikhuba yabantu abadala, njengokuhlamba, ukunxiba, kunye nokondla, ngaloo ndlela bekhulisa ubuchule bokusebenza ngezandla kunye nezakhono zentlalo zabantwana. Ukongeza, iidoli zekhathuni zinokunceda abantwana baqonde iimvakalelo kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kwabantu, njengokudumisa okanye ukugxeka iidoli, ngaloo ndlela bekhuthaza uphuhliso lwengqondo kunye nokuqonda ngokweemvakalelo.

Ibhakethi ye-06M

I-M buckle luhlobo lwebhakethi phakathi kwezinto zokudlala zemfundo. Olu hlobo lwezinto zokudlala lusebenzisa kakhulu ukuguquguquka kwentambo yokudlala. I-M buckle imele kakhulu. Abadlali banokuyihlula ngempazamo, kodwa badideke xa beyihlanganisa kwakhona. Kunzima ukuqonda ukuba iqhelekile kangakanani. Le nto yokudlala yenzelwe umngeni kwizakhono zengqondo zabathathi-nxaxheba kunye nezakhono zokusebenza ngelixa bephuhlisa izakhono zabo zokucinga kunye nokusombulula iingxaki.

07 Udidi lokutsalwaIithoyi zokufundisa zohlobo lokutsalwa zinceda abantwana baphucule amandla abo okuma nokuhamba, ngelixa bephuhlisa amandla abo okuqonda. Ezi zinto zokudlala zihlala zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa ngokutsala iintshukumo, ezifana neethoyi zokutsala, apho abantwana banokuqhelisela izakhono zokusombulula iingxaki ngokutsala umtya. Ukongeza, ukutsala iithoyi kudla ngokuqulatha imifanekiso eyahlukeneyo yezilwanyana, okuvumela abantwana ukuba baqonde iimpawu zezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo ngelixa bedlala, ngaloo ndlela bahambe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Oku akugcini nje ngokufundisa ukulungelelaniswa komzimba kwabantwana, kodwa kuphucula nokuqonda kwabo ihlabathi.

08Izinto zokudlala zothutho

Udidi lwezinto zokudlala zokuthutha lugxile kakhulu kwiimodeli zoololiwe neemoto, lujolise ekunikeni abantwana ukuqonda okunzulu ngezothutho kwaye kwangaxeshanye luhlakulele ubuchule babo bokusebenza ngezandla. Ezi zinto zokudlala azinakunceda abantwana baqonde kuphela ulwakhiwo loololiwe, iimoto kunye nezithuthi ezahlukeneyo zobunjineli, kodwa zikwaqeqesha nobuchule babo bokuhlanganisa, ukutsala kunye nokuhlela. Ngokwakha, abantwana banokuqonda ubudlelwane botshintsho phakathi kwezinto, ngaloo ndlela baphucule ulwazi lwabo lokusebenza ngezandla kunye nobuchule bokuzinyamekela.

Udidi lwe-09Puzzle Combination Toys zezemfundo zenzelwe ukukhulisa iingcinga zabantwana zendawo kunye nezakhono zabo zokukhohlisa, ngaloo ndlela ziqinisa ukuqonda kwabo ixesha, izilwanyana, izithuthi, iimilo zendlu kunye nemibala, njl. Ezi toys zihlala ziqulathe izinto ezahlukeneyo, ezivumela abantwana ukuba badibanise kwaye benze ngokweengcinga zabo, ngaloo ndlela zivuselela ubuchule babo kunye nezakhono zokusombulula iingxaki. Ngezo toys, abantwana abanako nje ukonwaba, kodwa banokufunda ulwazi oluninzi ngexesha lokudlala, bephucula inqanaba labo lokuqonda kunye nobuchule bokwenza izinto.

Imidlalo yebhola eli-10

Amathoyizi okufundisa ibhola ahlukeneyo kwaye afanelekile kubantwana abaneminyaka eyahlukeneyo. Kwiintsana ezineenyanga ezi-6 ubudala, amabhola anemibala anomtsalane kakhulu kuba ayaqengqeleka kwaye avuselele umdla wabo wokusukela. Amabhola athambileyo anokunceda ukuqeqesha ukulungelelaniswa kwesandla neliso lomntwana wakho. Njengoko abantwana bekhula, amathoyizi ebhola afana neebhola zesikhumba, ithenisi yetafile, ibhola yomnyazi, kunye nebhola ekhatywayo azinakuphucula kuphela izakhono zabo zokuhamba kunye nokulungelelanisa, kodwa zikwanceda ukuqeqesha izihlunu zabo kuwo wonke umzimba. Ukongeza, amathoyizi ebhola akwaluncedo kakhulu ekunxibelelaneni nabantu kwaye anceda ekukhuliseni amandla entsebenziswano yabantwana.

Izixhobo ezili-11

Eyona njongo iphambili yamathoyizi okufundisa izixhobo kukunceda abantwana bafumane ukuqonda okunzulu ngesakhiwo, imilo kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo, ngaloo ndlela bekhulisa ubuchule babo bokusebenzisana ngezandla kunye nokulungelelanisa isandla neliso. Olu hlobo lwamathoyizi aluvumeli nje kuphela abantwana ukuba baqonde iimilo, imibala kunye nezakhiwo zezixhobo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa lukwaqeqesha nezakhono zabo zokusebenza ngezandla kule nkqubo. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, ngeethoyizi ezinjalo, iingcinga zabantwana nazo zingaphuhliswa.

Iintambo ezili-12

Amathoyizi okufundisa ngeentambo aquka kakhulu ukukhupha intambo kwisakhelo esimiselweyo, njengeelephant ze-maze kunye namanqaku aphezulu. Olu hlobo lwethoyizi lunzima ngakumbi kuba intambo iguquguquka kakhulu kwaye inokutshintsha ibe ziimo ezininzi. Njengokuba oomatiloshe kufuneka babe nobuchule kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zamaqhina, la mathoyizi agxininisa ukwahluka kunye nokusebenza kwentambo. Ngokudlala ngeethoyizi ezinjalo, abantwana banokuqhelisela ukulungelelanisa isandla namehlo, ukucinga indawo kunye nezakhono zokusombulula iingxaki.

Iitafile zemagnethi ezili-13 Iitafile zemagnethi zizinto zokudlala ezifundisayo ezifanelekileyo ngokukodwa ekukhuliseni ingqiqo yabantwana ngesithuba, ingcinga kunye nokucinga ngezibalo. Into eyahlukileyo ngale nto yokudlala kukuyilwa kwayo yimagnethi, okwenza kube lula ukuyibeka nokuyithatha phantsi kwanakwiintsana ezineminyaka emibini ubudala. Ayipheleli apho, iitafile zemagnethi zinokunceda iintsana ezincinci ukuba zibone imizobo eyahlukeneyo yeplane, ngaloo ndlela zikhulise ukulungelelaniswa kwazo kwesandla namehlo kunye nokucinga kwendawo. Njengoko abantwana bekhula, banokuqhubeka nomngeni wokwakha i-3D ukuze baqhelise ukucinga kwendawo kunye nezibalo. Ngokubanzi, iitafile zemagnethi zizinto zokudlala ezinomdla nezifundisayo.

Imidlalo kunye nezinto zokudlala ezili-14

Amathoyizi okufundisa abantwana ngamathoyizi omdlalo aphucula kakhulu izakhono zabo zokuqonda ngemidlalo. Amathoyizi anjalo awancedi nje kuphela ekuphuculeni izakhono zokucinga zabantwana, kodwa akwanceda nasekusebenziseni izakhono zabo zokusebenza kunye nokulungelelanisa isandla neliso. Ngala mathoyizi, abantwana banokuba nobuchule kwaye baphucule ukulungelelanisa isandla neliso. Xa ukhetha amathoyizi anjengala, qiniseka ukuba anazo ezi mpawu ziphambili ukuze andise iingenelo zawo kumntwana wakho.

Iinqwaba zeekomityi ezili-15 Ukuqokelela iikomityi yenye yezinto zokudlala ezithandwa kakhulu ngumntwana oneminyaka emibini ubudala ezihlala zitshintsha. Le nto yokudlala ayivumeli nje kuphela abantwana ukuba banamathele kwinqaba ende okanye banciphe babe yikomityi enye, kodwa ikwavumela abantwana ukuba bafihle iibhloko zokwakha ezincinci okanye ezinye izinto ezincinci kwikomityi yokuqokelela ukuze bazifumane. Ngemidlalo enjalo, abantwana banokuqonda ukuba nangona ezinye izinto zingabonakali emehlweni, zikhona ngokwenene. Olu hlobo lwento yokudlala aluncedi nje kuphela ekuphuhlisweni kwengqondo yabantwana, kodwa lukwabavumela ukuba baqonde ummangaliso kunye nokwahluka kwehlabathi elibonakalayo besebancinci.

Iibhokisi ezili-16 zemilo enzima

Ibhokisi yemilo entsonkothileyo yithoyi yokufundisa eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukuqeqesha abantwana ukuba bajonge imilo yezinto. Le toyi yenzelwe ukuba ibe nomsantsa omilo ovumela kuphela izinto ezinemilo efanayo ukuba zidlule, ngaloo ndlela inceda abantwana baqonde kwaye baqonde imilo yee-iems ezahlukeneyo. Ngale toyi, abantwana abanakukwazi nje kuphela ukubona umsantsa wemilo enye, kodwa banokufunda ngeemilo ezahlukeneyo ebomini. Ifanelekile ngokukodwa kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci abaneminyaka eli-18 ubudala.

Uhlobo lombhalo we-abacus olunenombolo ezili-17

Amathoyizi okufundisa ngemibhalo ye-abacus yamanani anceda abantwana baqonde amanani, ubungakanani kunye neemilo, ngelixa ekwaphucula ukuguquguquka kwemisipha. Ngokubonisa abantwana amanani kunye namagama ahlukeneyo, la mathoyizi awaphuhlisi nje kuphela ukuqonda kwabo okusisiseko kwezibalo kunye namagama, kodwa anceda nokuphucula ukulungelelaniswa kwemisipha yesandla kunye nokuguquguquka. Le ndlela yokufunda ebanzi ayigcini nje ngokucebisa ulwazi lwabantwana, kodwa ikwabeka isiseko esiqinileyo sophuhliso lwabo olupheleleyo.

Iimoto zokudlala ezili-18

Iimoto zokudlala zizinto zokudlala ezifundisayo ezifanelekileyo kwiintsana ezingaphezulu kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala, ingakumbi ekupheleni kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala, xa abantwana benokulawula iindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba wabo. Iimoto zokudlala azivumeli nje kuphela abantwana abancinci ukuba bafumane ukonwaba kokuqhuba, kodwa ukuba banokuthwala nezinto zokudlala zabo ezincinci emotweni, umdlalo wokudlala umqhubi wezithuthi uya kuba nomtsalane ngakumbi kubo. Ukongeza, iimoto zokudlala zinokubonelela ngendawo yokufunda yeentsana kwaye zivuselele umdla wazo kwiileta, amagama kunye nengqiqo. Nangona kunjalo, abazali kufuneka baqaphele ukuba iindawo ezincinci kwiimoto zokudlala, ezifana namavili, zinokubangela umngcipheko wokufuthaniseka, ngoko ke kufuneka ukubekwa esweni ngokusondeleyo.

Iincwadi zemifanekiso ezili-19

Iincwadi zemifanekiso zizinto zokudlala zemfundo ezithandwa kakhulu ngabantwana abaneminyaka emibini ubudala. Abantwana bale minyaka sele bezazi izinto ezininzi ngamehlo abo, ngomlomo nangezandla zabo. Baya kuziva bonwabile kakhulu xa befumana izinto abaziqhelileyo kwiincwadi zemifanekiso. Ukongeza, abazali banokusebenzisa iincwadi zemifanekiso ukufundisa abantwana babo ngezinto ezininzi. Le mifanekiso idla ngokuba nemigca elula nemibala eqaqambileyo, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuba abantwana abancinci bayiqonde kwaye bayikhumbule.

I-Cube kaRubik engama-20

I-Rubik's Cube yinto yokudlala eyaziwayo yemfundo apho imibala okanye iimilo zihlanganiswa khona ngokujikelezisa imodeli. Yavela kwiSikolo soYilo lweZakhiwo saseBudapest eHungary kwaye yasungulwa nguNjingalwazi uRubik Erno. I-Rubik's Cube ayivavanyi nje kuphela ubukrelekrele, kodwa ikwanokubaluleka kwemfundo. Inokunceda abantwana bakhe ukuqonda kwabo izinto ezinemilinganiselo emithathu kwaye bahlakulele ingcinga yendawo, amandla okwenza izinto kunye nenkumbulo. I-Rubik's Cube yinto yokudlala ebalaseleyo yemfundo yabantwana abaneminyaka esi-8 ukuya kweli-15 ubudala.